Download and stitch together images from the Himawari8 satellite and create a movie from them. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himawari_8

himawari8.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

# Easy Combine output movies
# ls -tr himawari8_*.mp4 | perl -ne 'print "file $_"' | ffmpeg -f concat -i - -c copy FullMovie.mp4

# Requirements
# brew install libtiff libjpeg webp little-cms2 ffmpeg
# pip install Pillow

import datetime
import json
import urllib2
import io
import cStringIO
import sys
import math
import argparse

from PIL import Image
from PIL import ImageFont
from PIL import ImageDraw 
from subprocess import call


# Parameters
latestInfoUri = "http://himawari8-dl.nict.go.jp/himawari8/img/D531106/latest.json"
width = 550
numblocks = 4 #can be 4, 8, 16, 20

def urlForTime(urlTime):
	timeString = urlTime.strftime('%Y/%m/%d/%H%M%S')
	level = "%sd" % numblocks
	url = "http://himawari8-dl.nict.go.jp/himawari8/img/D531106/%s/%s/%s" % (level, width, timeString)
	return url

def getLatestURL():
	response = json.load(urllib2.urlopen(latestInfoUri))
	
	latest = datetime.datetime.strptime(response['date'], '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S');
	return urlForTime(latest)
	
def downloadImagesFromURL(url):
	images = [[0 for x in range(numblocks)] for x in range(numblocks)]
	for y in range(0, numblocks):
		for x in range(0, numblocks):
			imageName = "%s_%s.png" % (x, y)
			tileURL = "%s_%s" % (url, imageName)
			
			print "\t%s" % tileURL
			
			data = urllib2.urlopen(tileURL).read()
			file = cStringIO.StringIO(data)
			image = Image.open(file)
			images[x][y] = image
	
	return images

def stitchImages(images, path, name, dateString):
	fullImage = Image.new("RGB", (numblocks * width, numblocks * width));
	
	for y in range(0, numblocks):
		for x in range(0, numblocks):
			img = images[x][y]
			w, h = img.size
			fullImage.paste(img, (x * w, y * h))
			
	draw = ImageDraw.Draw(fullImage)
	font = ImageFont.truetype("/Library/Fonts/AvenirNextLTW04-Thin.ttf", 48)
	# font = ImageFont.load_default().font
	draw.text((5, (width * numblocks - 60)),dateString,(255,255,255),font=font)
	fullImage.save("%s/%s.png" % (path, name))
		
def timeStamps(startTime):
	times = []
	# timestamp = startTime - datetime.timedelta(minutes=startTime.minute % 10, seconds=startTime.second, microseconds=startTime.microsecond)
	timestamp = startTime.replace(hour=14, minute=50, second=0, microsecond=0)
	# timestamp = timestamp - datetime.timedelta(days=1)
	
	times.append(timestamp)
	
	for i in range(0, 143):
		timestamp = timestamp - datetime.timedelta(minutes=10)
		times.append(timestamp)
	
	return times

def yesterdaysTimestamps():
	times = []
	timestamp = datetime.datetime.now().replace(hour=14, minute=50, second=0, microsecond=0)
	timestamp = timestamp - datetime.timedelta(days=1)
	
	times.append(timestamp)
	
	for i in range(0, 143):
		timestamp = timestamp - datetime.timedelta(minutes=10)
		times.append(timestamp)
	
	return times

def generateMovie(dateString, baseImageName, outputDir):
	movieName = "himawari8_%s.mp4" % dateString
	print "Generating movie: %s" % movieName
	ffmpegImageFilter = "%s_%%d.png" % baseImageName
	ffmpegOutputFile = "%s%s" % (outputDir, movieName)
	
	print ffmpegImageFilter
	print ffmpegOutputFile
	
	call(['ffmpeg', '-f', 'image2', '-framerate', '15', '-i', ffmpegImageFilter, '-vcodec', 'mpeg4', '-y', ffmpegOutputFile])

# http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1927660/compare-two-images-the-python-linux-way
def allTilesMatch(images):
	rms = 0.0
	h1 = images[0][0].histogram()
	
	for x in range(0, len(images)):
		for y in range(0, len(images[x])):
			h2 = images[x][y].histogram()

			if (len(h1) == len(h2)):
				diff_squares = [(h1[i] - h2[i]) ** 2 for i in xrange(len(h1))]; rms = math.sqrt(sum(diff_squares) / len(h1));
				rms +=  math.sqrt(sum(diff_squares) / len(h1))
			else:
				rms += 1
 
	return rms < 1

def outputHeader():
	print "Generating movie of himawari8 images"
	print "Block Count: %s" % numblocks
	print "Tile Size  : %sx%s" % (width, width)
	print "Full Size  : %sx%s" % (width * numblocks, width * numblocks)
	print "----------------------------------------"
	
def main(startTime, currentIndex, outputDir):
	outputHeader()
	startTimestamp = datetime.datetime.strptime(startTime, '%Y-%m-%d')
	timestamps = timeStamps(startTimestamp)
	# timestamps = yesterdaysTimestamps()
	startTimeString = startTimestamp.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S')
	baseName = 'Image'
	movieDateString = timestamps[-1].strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
	for (index, timestamp) in enumerate(reversed(timestamps)):
		if (index >= currentIndex):
			start = datetime.datetime.now()
			imageName = '%s_%d' % (baseName, currentIndex)
			print 'Processing %s' % (imageName)
			sys.stdout.flush()

			url = urlForTime(timestamp)
			images = downloadImagesFromURL(url)

			if allTilesMatch(images):
				print "------------------------------------------"
				print "-----        No Image Found!         -----"
				print "----- Moving to next time frame and  -----"
				print "----- fetching image into same index -----"
				print "------------------------------------------"
				continue

			dateString = timestamp.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
			stitchImages(images, outputDir, imageName, dateString)
			done = datetime.datetime.now()

			print "\t----- %s -----" % (done - start)
			currentIndex += 1

	generateMovie(movieDateString, baseName, outputDir)

if __name__ == '__main__':
	parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
	parser.add_argument("-l", "--length", nargs=1, type=int, help="number of images to use (defaults to 144 i.e. 24 hours)", default=[144])
	parser.add_argument("-d", "--day", help="day to get images for (defaults to most recent)", action="store", default=datetime.datetime.now().replace(hour=14, minute=50, second=0, microsecond=0).strftime('%Y-%m-%d'))
	parser.add_argument("-i", "--index", nargs=1, type=int, help="starting index, for resuming failed run. (in-progress)", default=[0])
	# parser.add_argument("-n", "--numblocks", nargs=1, type=int, choices=[4,8,16,20],  help="number of blocks larger takes longer (default: 4)", default=[4])
	# parser.add_argument("-w", "--width", nargs=1, type=int, help="width of individual tiles (numblocks * width = final movie width) (default: 550)", default=[550])
	parser.add_argument("outputDir", help="directory to place images and movie")
	args = parser.parse_args()
	
	# width = args.width[0]
	# numblocks = args.numblocks[0]
	outputDir = args.outputDir
	
	if outputDir.endswith('/') == False:
		outputDir += '/'
	
	if (args.day == datetime.datetime.now().replace(hour=14, minute=50, second=0, microsecond=0).strftime('%Y-%m-%d')):
		timestamp = datetime.datetime.strptime(args.day, '%Y-%m-%d')
		timestamp = timestamp - datetime.timedelta(days=1)
		args.day = timestamp.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
	else:
		timestamp = datetime.datetime.strptime(args.day, '%Y-%m-%d')
		timestamp = timestamp + datetime.timedelta(days=1)
		args.day = timestamp.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
	
	main(args.day, args.index[0], outputDir)