Modeled after how Rust behaves (`Drop`, panicking, and aborting).

defer

#!/usr/bin/env bash

set -Eeuo pipefail
IFS=$'\n\t'

deferred=(true)

run_deferred() {
  local status="$1"
  abort() {
    if [ "$status" != 0 ]; then
      exit "$status"
    fi
  }
  for cmd in "${deferred[@]}"; do
    eval "$cmd" || abort
  done
  unset -f abort
}

trap 'run_deferred $?' EXIT

defer() {
  local IFS=' '
  deferred=("$*" "${deferred[@]}")
}

echo acquire1
defer echo release1

echo acquire2
defer echo 2esaeler \| rev

echo acquire3
defer echo -n release \; echo 3

failure() { echo "aborting"; false; }
defer failure

echo acquire4
defer "cat <(echo -n release && bc -e '(9 / 3) + 1')"

echo acquire5
defer release5
release5() { echo release5; }

echo "panicking"
false

# acquire1
# acquire2
# acquire3
# acquire4
# acquire5
# panicking
# release5
# release4
# aborting