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Functions for generating Segment's KSUIDs on PostgreSQL
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| /* | |
| * MIT License | |
| * | |
| * Copyright (c) 2023 Fabio Lima | |
| * | |
| * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy | |
| * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal | |
| * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights | |
| * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell | |
| * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is | |
| * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: | |
| * | |
| * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in | |
| * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. | |
| * | |
| * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR | |
| * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, | |
| * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE | |
| * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER | |
| * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, | |
| * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN | |
| * THE SOFTWARE. | |
| */ | |
| /** | |
| * Returns a Segment's KSUID. | |
| * | |
| * ------------------------------ | |
| * Structure | |
| * ------------------------------ | |
| * 2HiFB j6X9oGTDYLDVn8qqfjfE9C | |
| * ^ ^ | |
| * | | | |
| * | +----- random (128b) | |
| * +----------- seconds (32b) | |
| * ------------------------------ | |
| * | |
| * Use COLLATE "C" or COLLATE "POSIX" on column to sort by ASCII order. | |
| * "The C and POSIX collations both specify “traditional C” behavior, in | |
| * which only the ASCII letters “A” through “Z” are treated as letters, | |
| * and sorting is done strictly by character code byte values." | |
| * Source: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/collation.html | |
| * | |
| * Reference implementation: https://github.com/segmentio/ksuid | |
| * Also read: https://segment.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-the-uuid/ | |
| * | |
| * MIT License. | |
| */ | |
| create or replace function ksuid() returns text as $$ | |
| declare | |
| v_time timestamp with time zone := null; | |
| v_seconds numeric(50) := null; | |
| v_numeric numeric(50) := null; | |
| v_epoch numeric(50) = 1400000000; -- 2014-05-13T16:53:20Z | |
| v_base62 text := ''; | |
| v_alphabet char array[62] := array[ | |
| '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', | |
| 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', | |
| 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', | |
| 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', | |
| 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', | |
| 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', | |
| 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']; | |
| i integer := 0; | |
| begin | |
| -- Get the current time | |
| v_time := clock_timestamp(); | |
| -- Extract epoch seconds | |
| v_seconds := floor(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM v_time)) - v_epoch; | |
| -- Generate a KSUID in a numeric variable | |
| v_numeric := v_seconds * pow(2::numeric(50), 128) -- 32 bits for seconds and 128 bits for randomness | |
| + ((random()::numeric(70,20) * pow(2::numeric(70,20), 48))::numeric(50) * pow(2::numeric(50), 80)::numeric(50)) | |
| + ((random()::numeric(70,20) * pow(2::numeric(70,20), 40))::numeric(50) * pow(2::numeric(50), 40)::numeric(50)) | |
| + (random()::numeric(70,20) * pow(2::numeric(70,20), 40))::numeric(50); | |
| -- Encode it to base-62 | |
| while v_numeric <> 0 loop | |
| v_base62 := v_base62 || v_alphabet[mod(v_numeric, 62) + 1]; | |
| v_numeric := div(v_numeric, 62); | |
| end loop; | |
| v_base62 := reverse(v_base62); | |
| v_base62 := lpad(v_base62, 27, '0'); | |
| return v_base62; | |
| end $$ language plpgsql; | |
| -- EXAMPLE: | |
| -- select ksuid() ksuid, clock_timestamp()-statement_timestamp() time_taken; | |
| -- EXAMPLE OUTPUT: | |
| -- |ksuid |time_taken | | |
| -- |---------------------------|---------------| | |
| -- |2HeIj5n6zGw76bbU6FCvHv0DQ16|00:00:00.000373| | |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| -- FOR TEST: the expected result is an empty result set | |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| -- with t as ( | |
| -- select ksuid() as id from generate_series(1, 1000) | |
| -- ) | |
| -- select * from t where (id is null or not id ~ '^[a-zA-Z0-9]{27}$'); | |
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| /* | |
| * MIT License | |
| * | |
| * Copyright (c) 2023 Fabio Lima | |
| * | |
| * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy | |
| * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal | |
| * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights | |
| * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell | |
| * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is | |
| * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: | |
| * | |
| * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in | |
| * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. | |
| * | |
| * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR | |
| * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, | |
| * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE | |
| * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER | |
| * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, | |
| * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN | |
| * THE SOFTWARE. | |
| */ | |
| /** | |
| * Returns a Segment's KSUID with microsecond precision. | |
| * | |
| * ------------------------------- | |
| * Structure | |
| * ------------------------------- | |
| * 2HiFJ Omk JQ0tyawHfJwUJO9IomG | |
| * ^ ^ ^ | |
| * | | | | |
| * | | +-- random (108b) | |
| * | +------- micros (20b) | |
| * +----------- seconds (32b) | |
| * ------------------------------- | |
| * | |
| * Use COLLATE "C" or COLLATE "POSIX" on column to sort by ASCII order. | |
| * "The C and POSIX collations both specify “traditional C” behavior, in | |
| * which only the ASCII letters “A” through “Z” are treated as letters, | |
| * and sorting is done strictly by character code byte values." | |
| * Source: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/collation.html | |
| * | |
| * Reference implementation: https://github.com/segmentio/ksuid | |
| * Also read: https://segment.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-the-uuid/ | |
| * | |
| * MIT License. | |
| */ | |
| create or replace function ksuid_micros() returns text as $$ | |
| declare | |
| v_time timestamp with time zone := null; | |
| v_seconds numeric(50) := null; | |
| v_micros numeric(50) := null; | |
| v_numeric numeric(50) := null; | |
| v_epoch numeric(50) = 1400000000; -- 2014-05-13T16:53:20Z | |
| v_base62 text := ''; | |
| v_alphabet char array[62] := array[ | |
| '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', | |
| 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', | |
| 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', | |
| 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', | |
| 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', | |
| 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', | |
| 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']; | |
| i integer := 0; | |
| begin | |
| -- Get the current time | |
| v_time := clock_timestamp(); | |
| -- Extract the epoch seconds and microseconds | |
| v_seconds := floor(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM v_time)) - v_epoch; | |
| v_micros := MOD((EXTRACT(microseconds FROM v_time)::numeric(50)), 1e6::numeric(50)); | |
| -- Generate a KSUID in a numeric variable | |
| v_numeric := (v_seconds * pow(2::numeric(50), 128)) -- 32 bits for seconds | |
| + (v_micros * pow(2::numeric(50), 108)) -- 20 bits for microseconds and 108 bits for randomness | |
| + ((random()::numeric(70,20) * pow(2::numeric(70,20), 54))::numeric(50) * pow(2::numeric(50), 54)::numeric(50)) | |
| + (random()::numeric(70,20) * pow(2::numeric(70,20), 54))::numeric(50); | |
| -- Encode it to base-62 | |
| while v_numeric <> 0 loop | |
| v_base62 := v_base62 || v_alphabet[mod(v_numeric, 62) + 1]; | |
| v_numeric := div(v_numeric, 62); | |
| end loop; | |
| v_base62 := reverse(v_base62); | |
| v_base62 := lpad(v_base62, 27, '0'); | |
| return v_base62; | |
| end $$ language plpgsql; | |
| -- EXAMPLE: | |
| -- select ksuid_micros() ksuid, clock_timestamp()-statement_timestamp() time_taken; | |
| -- EXAMPLE OUTPUT: | |
| -- |ksuid |time_taken | | |
| -- |---------------------------|---------------| | |
| -- |2HgTLqTCTz2A7Z4u1luNJ4cHSBG|00:00:00.000305| | |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| -- FOR TEST: the expected result is an empty result set | |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| -- with t as ( | |
| -- select ksuid_micros() as id from generate_series(1, 1000) | |
| -- ) | |
| -- select * from t where (id is null or not id ~ '^[a-zA-Z0-9]{27}$'); |
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| /* | |
| * MIT License | |
| * | |
| * Copyright (c) 2023 Fabio Lima | |
| * | |
| * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy | |
| * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal | |
| * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights | |
| * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell | |
| * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is | |
| * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: | |
| * | |
| * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in | |
| * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. | |
| * | |
| * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR | |
| * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, | |
| * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE | |
| * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER | |
| * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, | |
| * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN | |
| * THE SOFTWARE. | |
| */ | |
| -- Install `pgcrypto` module | |
| -- CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto; | |
| /** | |
| * Returns a Segment's KSUID. | |
| * | |
| * ------------------------------ | |
| * Structure | |
| * ------------------------------ | |
| * 2HiFB j6X9oGTDYLDVn8qqfjfE9C | |
| * ^ ^ | |
| * | | | |
| * | +----- random (128b) | |
| * +----------- seconds (32b) | |
| * ------------------------------ | |
| * | |
| * Use COLLATE "C" or COLLATE "POSIX" on column to sort by ASCII order. | |
| * "The C and POSIX collations both specify “traditional C” behavior, in | |
| * which only the ASCII letters “A” through “Z” are treated as letters, | |
| * and sorting is done strictly by character code byte values." | |
| * Source: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/collation.html | |
| * | |
| * Reference implementation: https://github.com/segmentio/ksuid | |
| * Also read: https://segment.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-the-uuid/ | |
| * | |
| * MIT License. | |
| */ | |
| create or replace function ksuid_pgcrypto() returns text as $$ | |
| declare | |
| v_time timestamp with time zone := null; | |
| v_seconds numeric(50) := null; | |
| v_numeric numeric(50) := null; | |
| v_epoch numeric(50) = 1400000000; -- 2014-05-13T16:53:20Z | |
| v_payload bytea := null; | |
| v_base62 text := ''; | |
| v_alphabet char array[62] := array[ | |
| '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', | |
| 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', | |
| 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', | |
| 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', | |
| 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', | |
| 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', | |
| 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']; | |
| i integer := 0; | |
| begin | |
| -- Get the current time | |
| v_time := clock_timestamp(); | |
| -- Extract the epoch seconds | |
| v_seconds := floor(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM v_time)) - v_epoch; | |
| -- Generate a KSUID in a numeric variable | |
| v_numeric := v_seconds * pow(2::numeric(50), 128); -- 32 bits for seconds | |
| -- Add 128 random bits to it | |
| v_payload := gen_random_bytes(16); | |
| while i < 16 loop | |
| i := i + 1; | |
| v_numeric := v_numeric + (get_byte(v_payload, i - 1)::numeric(50) * pow(2::numeric(50), (16 - i) * 8)); | |
| end loop; | |
| -- Encode it to base-62 | |
| while v_numeric <> 0 loop | |
| v_base62 := v_base62 || v_alphabet[mod(v_numeric, 62) + 1]; | |
| v_numeric := div(v_numeric, 62); | |
| end loop; | |
| v_base62 := reverse(v_base62); | |
| v_base62 := lpad(v_base62, 27, '0'); | |
| return v_base62; | |
| end $$ language plpgsql; | |
| -- EXAMPLE: | |
| -- select ksuid_pgcrypto() ksuid, clock_timestamp()-statement_timestamp() time_taken; | |
| -- EXAMPLE OUTPUT: | |
| -- |ksuid |time_taken | | |
| -- |---------------------------|---------------| | |
| -- |2HeIj5n6zGw76bbU6FCvHv0DQ16|00:00:00.000542| | |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| -- FOR TEST: the expected result is an empty result set | |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| -- with t as ( | |
| -- select ksuid_pgcrypto() as id from generate_series(1, 1000) | |
| -- ) | |
| -- select * from t where (id is null or not id ~ '^[a-zA-Z0-9]{27}$'); | |
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| /* | |
| * MIT License | |
| * | |
| * Copyright (c) 2023 Fabio Lima | |
| * | |
| * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy | |
| * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal | |
| * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights | |
| * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell | |
| * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is | |
| * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: | |
| * | |
| * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in | |
| * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. | |
| * | |
| * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR | |
| * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, | |
| * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE | |
| * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER | |
| * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, | |
| * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN | |
| * THE SOFTWARE. | |
| */ | |
| -- Install `pgcrypto` module | |
| -- CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto; | |
| /** | |
| * Returns a Segment's KSUID with microsecond precision. | |
| * | |
| * ------------------------------- | |
| * Structure | |
| * ------------------------------- | |
| * 2HiFJ Omk JQ0tyawHfJwUJO9IomG | |
| * ^ ^ ^ | |
| * | | | | |
| * | | +-- random (108b) | |
| * | +------- micros (20b) | |
| * +----------- seconds (32b) | |
| * ------------------------------- | |
| * | |
| * Use COLLATE "C" or COLLATE "POSIX" on column to sort by ASCII order. | |
| * "The C and POSIX collations both specify “traditional C” behavior, in | |
| * which only the ASCII letters “A” through “Z” are treated as letters, | |
| * and sorting is done strictly by character code byte values." | |
| * Source: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/collation.html | |
| * | |
| * Reference implementation: https://github.com/segmentio/ksuid | |
| * Also read: https://segment.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-the-uuid/ | |
| * | |
| * MIT License. | |
| */ | |
| create or replace function ksuid_pgcrypto_micros() returns text as $$ | |
| declare | |
| v_time timestamp with time zone := null; | |
| v_seconds numeric(50) := null; | |
| v_micros numeric(50) := null; | |
| v_numeric numeric(50) := null; | |
| v_epoch numeric(50) = 1400000000; -- 2014-05-13T16:53:20Z | |
| v_payload bytea := null; | |
| v_base62 text := ''; | |
| v_alphabet char array[62] := array[ | |
| '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', | |
| 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', | |
| 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', | |
| 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', | |
| 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', | |
| 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', | |
| 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']; | |
| i integer := 0; | |
| begin | |
| -- Get the current time | |
| v_time := clock_timestamp(); | |
| -- Extract the epoch seconds and microseconds | |
| v_seconds := floor(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM v_time)) - v_epoch; | |
| v_micros := MOD((EXTRACT(microseconds FROM v_time)::numeric(50)), 1e6::numeric(50)); | |
| -- Generate a KSUID in a numeric variable | |
| v_numeric := (v_seconds * pow(2::numeric(50), 128)) -- 32 bits for seconds | |
| + (v_micros * pow(2::numeric(50), 108)); -- 20 bits for microseconds | |
| -- Add 108 random bits to it | |
| v_payload := gen_random_bytes(14); | |
| v_payload := set_byte(v_payload::bytea, 0, get_byte(v_payload, 0) >> 4); | |
| while i < 14 loop | |
| i := i + 1; | |
| v_numeric := v_numeric + (get_byte(v_payload, i - 1)::numeric(50) * pow(2::numeric(50), (14 - i) * 8)); | |
| end loop; | |
| -- Encode it to base-62 | |
| while v_numeric <> 0 loop | |
| v_base62 := v_base62 || v_alphabet[mod(v_numeric, 62) + 1]; | |
| v_numeric := div(v_numeric, 62); | |
| end loop; | |
| v_base62 := reverse(v_base62); | |
| v_base62 := lpad(v_base62, 27, '0'); | |
| return v_base62; | |
| end $$ language plpgsql; | |
| -- EXAMPLE: | |
| -- select ksuid_pgcrypto_micros() ksuid, clock_timestamp()-statement_timestamp() time_taken; | |
| -- EXAMPLE OUTPUT: | |
| -- |ksuid |time_taken | | |
| -- |---------------------------|---------------| | |
| -- |2HeIj5n6zGw76bbU6FCvHv0DQ16|00:00:00.000542| | |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| -- FOR TEST: the expected result is an empty result set | |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| -- with t as ( | |
| -- select ksuid_pgcrypto_micros() as id from generate_series(1, 1000) | |
| -- ) | |
| -- select * from t where (id is null or not id ~ '^[a-zA-Z0-9]{27}$'); | |
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| create or replace function base62(v_numeric numeric(50)) returns text as $$ | |
| declare | |
| v_base62 text := ''; | |
| v_alphabet char array[62] := array[ | |
| '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', | |
| 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', | |
| 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', | |
| 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', | |
| 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', | |
| 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', | |
| 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']; | |
| begin | |
| while v_numeric <> 0 loop | |
| v_base62 := v_base62 || v_alphabet[mod(v_numeric, 62) + 1]; | |
| v_numeric := div(v_numeric, 62); | |
| end loop; | |
| v_base62 := reverse(v_base62); | |
| v_base62 := lpad(v_base62, 27, '0'); | |
| return v_base62; | |
| end $$ language plpgsql; | |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| -- FOR TEST: the expected result is an empty result set | |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| select x.returned, x.expected from ( | |
| select base62(1094000954754373858329439098194926247752183157359) as returned, 'RLDUcKfyvzQRYwJBsQW1L7vKsJj' as expected union | |
| select base62(803726687961417839458477625038381806898304379214) as returned, 'K5Q5xuh29Xt8VUy25cuiMn05BWg' as expected union | |
| select base62(282830277175380297300274393782804602302411954413) as returned, '74GEWkWGTaPKWOiOw16UKYTzcdx' as expected union | |
| select base62(269743924535260533410669459152221482693724560881) as returned, '6jyzfVl1sZc2LcxteGGsqHKJTKT' as expected union | |
| select base62(1232833462799826170754278676272145150887465015607) as returned, 'UoLURViWlhacl6gJ30lO5D3NxoN' as expected union | |
| select base62(611685135043540023398697716909848119640254999737) as returned, 'FHqAT2n3RG8ZqdKBTD3kjSjJ4Vl' as expected union | |
| select base62(953273934005400200413489513400209108025609068785) as returned, 'Np9U7w95oMT99F2i6m39kZJrhjt' as expected union | |
| select base62(287799250508902479787818127455725505651887833700) as returned, '7BxcDUNRPTU308dYi32pmxQ0jf2' as expected union | |
| select base62(1269445476918462270919269682464131617414365219008) as returned, 'Vj4tu1BILeXFTfA0OGvGjVPStv6' as expected union | |
| select base62(3954130933644675224642164484265366830115163718) as returned, '067smOqdTVnWq3hzUk1LBQ7pSX0' as expected union | |
| select base62(345641316609833697798081885877628305432574046802) as returned, '8daeTnisiTVSaPNaPJxPeUro5qc' as expected union | |
| select base62(1129536812589497328763363904561814015504391517342) as returned, 'SEHVx6H2MwGVOSLvecadlfUYZbi' as expected union | |
| select base62(554074711635299389573660024537366959798186900662) as returned, 'DqZNz4YFit22SdXdIJ4HQq2d4Tu' as expected union | |
| select base62(211545714751478621992362264272443490096979868901) as returned, '5Hnk2Go32Er5Sal8jdRXo0poTqv' as expected union | |
| select base62(1122147277177701839538064255395407069562592623492) as returned, 'S2paBX5vSuVwhygR3vErNmt27me' as expected union | |
| select base62(549637052663303562390233361703146990581651651083) as returned, 'Djh34JnfTZ1chDvN6LJ8XxXAkuZ' as expected union | |
| select base62(1326792246883660381116617122368113981186484000021) as returned, 'X9wLvz1J1tbyiw9OYqNheGGrMBx' as expected union | |
| select base62(1331018637943432897627658883337434264726313140218) as returned, 'XGUOQreDFUWeDwy38gygYNgyBcw' as expected union | |
| select base62(1262740421871068384005470783812819586488855522859) as returned, 'VYgjF6GHX71WLjF1LIzJsq8MXgh' as expected union | |
| select base62(1394986737188438074145339963201202753304334264989) as returned, 'YrbyPZRXKbNssd0DDdZWCFbFS4z' as expected union | |
| select base62(989786329925282917354828926247290266746679973042) as returned, 'OjjKD93Tqx3ygN5aiQhdfGLk2bK' as expected union | |
| select base62(272848539500980401072352496662863287941284799188) as returned, '6onGJ7UTEyKFKMYtrTh5ADpjyui' as expected union | |
| select base62(194979784954437431546352727231543280562464939889) as returned, '4s8D4lLsk3jRQGCd063Bjf1Q4hN' as expected union | |
| select base62(163275117725960045266192986606773032500097522222) as returned, '450GEAH6VjBc3G2bE05iFLBAijO' as expected union | |
| select base62(354062610499821756491827913935939118405986326006) as returned, '8qdhurjRDIWWHBxznPmjC7qIb0I' as expected union | |
| select base62(214575622952506321763672917024608429534835721470) as returned, '5MUpgRklVIjQOPSFHuHUrqIXyXu' as expected union | |
| select base62(132135404711945898765787565488168286161327811593) as returned, '3IkaWqoGfRUXxuO0mpJ6pErAi5Z' as expected union | |
| select base62(494144654821592338878548002890523930721626293248) as returned, 'CLhkbXBnkQpZt2YcQVTeEHCqbKK' as expected union | |
| select base62(1270695998531412664968507531343768732741513504189) as returned, 'Vl12dOdhb2LaWaKpywbWa9IFk21' as expected union | |
| select base62(963077232187361469697269858423682695341147886147) as returned, 'O4LJTKLTTBxwzONAQlq0daWUqTT' as expected union | |
| select base62(144532502461690832895378098850858526500125585312) as returned, '3bxbqC0uTtIk0R7PJ8A7gMwWAq0' as expected union | |
| select base62(1094224968032854741593917231169963405027570804451) as returned, 'RLZ0x6ijnpeWa30QTTvTCieuJzH' as expected union | |
| select base62(132713840657997327115971832083293668078940720023) as returned, '3Je9yyk2Tkf2bg8qbR1yPCqz7I7' as expected union | |
| select base62(1066273605705451469272329918518168076974282643312) as returned, 'QeFefFqlEgVUFPeZVPCH4hVKbcu' as expected union | |
| select base62(1448360743349679757124659169201740540817760218260) as returned, 'aCJkfxar8G3rNzDtNCSkrChtZHo' as expected union | |
| select base62(1390445916446380440916793466693663154607071621225) as returned, 'YkZj0rkCaX5KAbDxdZMXwhWIQf3' as expected union | |
| select base62(1425446024484817316918863270429942698110164703784) as returned, 'ZcoH9d1jRJKspxJ4EKHkIEYGrWq' as expected union | |
| select base62(508333429243734482806304589960148916273748787636) as returned, 'Chgu2RJGaB4UWnlbQt0sdjB9cIu' as expected union | |
| select base62(886419213548817321818654189390469230632150354393) as returned, 'M9YZzMu13UlXFi0fzSbM7LTCM3t' as expected union | |
| select base62(1403509722803565745702453829220450694899683234323) as returned, 'Z4onZh618VvENM7eIFQNVRpp2ZP' as expected union | |
| select base62(630529724204306927890959905551991731421307324371) as returned, 'Fl2cGHVpptRK9HTVDRje1hethQp' as expected union | |
| select base62(253722814632472052714578554603928859795078237426) as returned, '6L9nvchOgqoAalSs3gzy09sPqZm' as expected union | |
| select base62(572381799991837782018250883138489919930366428308) as returned, 'EIwC9eVwgtWzwUym24aJkG0k2fE' as expected union | |
| select base62(922969835414424383066970543907189812827357911902) as returned, 'N4C5lX6MaHtrXEioUrix1QarLzi' as expected union | |
| select base62(41266075603431206345381999397839311195000168805) as returned, '11wXNMBgjOjpRWydlAwySoTdp5B' as expected union | |
| select base62(566396805976680424705807005981823040751367794319) as returned, 'E9fCXQmbMPOflbO1HyM4yRwQ5CZ' as expected union | |
| select base62(863545687754103825941585075306150330458503798236) as returned, 'La73plEoPc8lLJXWWelZGugCiYm' as expected union | |
| select base62(111618949667441316268308585673854441325895333360) as returned, '2mxWGX89ZivvoXdVCYtfTs8oPho' as expected union | |
| select base62(1339399109469104676955217834595538976959459439076) as returned, 'XTTWi6j7BD2AT4ZibdMhQRJzDiW' as expected union | |
| select base62(341497984000312167860142722284087913678088998339) as returned, '8XAaiedVT50nARbGTSIeNYksqgN' as expected union | |
| select base62(849040839924022055366717759309632987097402544182) as returned, 'LDdXi00nkmfJrciqYfiRXEMN2dK' as expected union | |
| select base62(1198681997809301815274162398903418390833813924496) as returned, 'TxQTFAUJlBBeLxkAEFCwlCsGnJI' as expected union | |
| select base62(534477259082191167401700960027129079930518266691) as returned, 'DMCbl81sUEdG7tLDNxV74l1tNvX' as expected union | |
| select base62(727885602179425167136722614138614960427215070814) as returned, 'IBtqXhqVC8Y0SJVMFz0FNNqFDfK' as expected union | |
| select base62(744123733002226289921775022739971689375259387620) as returned, 'Ib3sy4PnLY19c8tms7tOvIpGNee' as expected union | |
| select base62(918142913182024548488522331263912199727240607363) as returned, 'MwiMCgsCARzFX6NGi0A55SSy0tH' as expected union | |
| select base62(425595676189680805450290781266150803595059288731) as returned, 'AdU4cLUBzN7dnBJ6cGaQc8hKzbX' as expected union | |
| select base62(336807727396704148028128600719877738405159312823) as returned, '8PtzCq1xsyif0ex0GB910mwwBoV' as expected union | |
| select base62(5026800380673467683963836593226574338601929312) as returned, '07mw8RMm7LDZxH1HIrQYlU40Jv6' as expected union | |
| select base62(238038919721547093896375404168450088923193211413) as returned, '5wr0oF40ZXAIl7yTdgncWdZ1Adp' as expected union | |
| select base62(100407561140307680110580255209263953985286701846) as returned, '2VaPd9y7XcCFesudZPIUCnHDwRS' as expected union | |
| select base62(604212314874050562105384817180631528218960533287) as returned, 'F6GEcAMCeChAVhfAaYK8irN0O3z' as expected union | |
| select base62(972905451468625843808520346597202786045722351858) as returned, 'OJZXG9cIOxaMBzhqLmMF5lEswSo' as expected union | |
| select base62(309811506696521274726101507949801845917995034265) as returned, '7k4ODeMr9Zo7s5fMNMECRue8PsX' as expected union | |
| select base62(862320955752636054817321236951532685187142902316) as returned, 'LYDOiYzMELe3XNbyaa9P3oJfHbA' as expected union | |
| select base62(428538376377275576155723099843499412196234820663) as returned, 'Ai2moLEVduJyxTgyeVkB5DuLdAt' as expected union | |
| select base62(734385462933023869297938072380239497818576304666) as returned, 'ILyIxkyufKQHJe6t2cOX3DC79z8' as expected union | |
| select base62(1139629846945349162323792210197703781129473426896) as returned, 'STvB6vZcjLDrdPWXZqkQkTVpiSW' as expected union | |
| select base62(1297668704827523652627376560924946045471834402049) as returned, 'WQoNYe1vhqabvlEiMYGmsBitqOv' as expected union | |
| select base62(136462187058110350693159493498468281000856132670) as returned, '3PSH0XDJuxwuSadT5BPU7TNn4D0' as expected union | |
| select base62(1327035444998200576691201231569326073851820067332) as returned, 'XAJiXm95VO4ocfOq8JDHR1SzmcO' as expected union | |
| select base62(235675204439882094223712355017999284666663884680) as returned, '5tBvL6fIcPmksKzP1Tfh0sMgzyy' as expected union | |
| select base62(228497188346252373155088745655109446960802057719) as returned, '5i4JUFzvE42Zg5zkmaGnbmO5OAJ' as expected union | |
| select base62(1372811697868462100339768029275940627442606482136) as returned, 'YJFYn6whrx9loof64uD0RlCufge' as expected union | |
| select base62(1126256261462614995034921796534640846532336956828) as returned, 'S9CLLjx3ejekVyNnfm0trXTffqu' as expected union | |
| select base62(1144342744377620691709953728734712481628222683945) as returned, 'SbDxU4Nlof6cV30poQ9ErVyfCPJ' as expected union | |
| select base62(218563645565804445228689747063039984222793141975) as returned, '5SfyL988hSw9DvvhTIy2VD4BSp5' as expected union | |
| select base62(973333937351724731696419889902063270895523888944) as returned, 'OKEhXH5BGPKzSbo0yCg4N26eAIC' as expected union | |
| select base62(791246917408240668458175277095925222806186486656) as returned, 'Jm58DG1MOVEuPdmEKp63ClOkpnc' as expected union | |
| select base62(1288914421387995204430709552951743721013680461582) as returned, 'WDFKfXe58vIROebqbay0ugemXuw' as expected union | |
| select base62(1310744629213541635999240463086808420097777961030) as returned, 'Wl4cIhIAHp5A9CafWGg7jY8sVZ0' as expected union | |
| select base62(88358015058561824054678394839841197701430712749) as returned, '2CumVgqZjOunlKuERsKt4F0Loar' as expected union | |
| select base62(978764504430526703738783379816265365163009403533) as returned, 'OSeQhy28KBVDG8EmGAJKIBFPRvB' as expected union | |
| select base62(906824305810740123097651243821217350165188557156) as returned, 'MfAwv4o7v6H2vUDt6chc2DdEcnE' as expected union | |
| select base62(790005076089751180484792529913641620673348236425) as returned, 'Jk9pBXPC4XFBy2thu6ajd28Vb5t' as expected union | |
| select base62(822738095536477666968857408630827581614415724386) as returned, 'KYsZPguMI9uQT03QorCwAJwuCXq' as expected union | |
| select base62(123764105701181979299394727957566790771570415268) as returned, '35mKt2q6cxegCIQrhrpSRyGxtxM' as expected union | |
| select base62(647498808314905624027040012220973019751750015851) as returned, 'GBKsbsubM1Ulq6Y93knZG9IYi9T' as expected union | |
| select base62(374397105980876264336743767628659056105542388324) as returned, '9M9IKyGo9b0O5FJ1VcZ57bJ1NkS' as expected union | |
| select base62(846028666166109899541270931449012380538499109264) as returned, 'L8y9hCoFOBn5LLJVQv1aB09kNUG' as expected union | |
| select base62(539245100854380444945794326639596656836264144209) as returned, 'DTafPNcMu1Sm85CVtEFunW3iQaX' as expected union | |
| select base62(716819481781801467434042607849295587886120335477) as returned, 'HukhCHvHdIzfmWf2A2CmAjcEgrd' as expected union | |
| select base62(76417955431651763552315529992585559312851817294) as returned, '1uPfXtcouH1zfZwuw3JOi76g0TO' as expected union | |
| select base62(733000838193027705053637894089773194460660846992) as returned, 'IJpHRgxCBDHIZJZPQ28BmG2TaPw' as expected union | |
| select base62(594233146199866508661997705517749610683196301260) as returned, 'EqnVhHAxPsnNMRO0mTRwlbIjwCa' as expected union | |
| select base62(671934333003976146001159829463644377645736597543) as returned, 'GnCSoMcEiYVXJg0SdmLkzPrWE6B' as expected union | |
| select base62(511776262913017310069727729889273446418671739129) as returned, 'Cn1fHEEnbW9gOlNkIL4zF8iTrOz' as expected union | |
| select base62(1146942457906847646142868854096423325324764192196) as returned, 'SfFig45w6ajBRCYjjltd4g21cii' as expected union | |
| select base62(290033691586065276473629867468810106288324097356) as returned, '7FQHfH0kFyKVIyHu2WQ0YCzv0U0' as expected | |
| ) as x where x.returned <> x.expected; | |
Thank you for this! Really appreciate the effort you've made. Do you recommend using varchar(27) or text when defining the column? I'm new to Postgresql and I'm having a hard time choosing the type.
According to the PostgreSQL manual:
There is no performance difference among these three types, apart from increased storage space when using the blank-padded type, and a few extra CPU cycles to check the length when storing into a length-constrained column. While character(n) has performance advantages in some other database systems, there is no such advantage in PostgreSQL; in fact character(n) is usually the slowest of the three because of its additional storage costs. In most situations text or character varying should be used instead.
I think text is not suitable because it has no length limit.
@fabiolimace Thank you for referencing this.
Looks like there's a bug in the extract(seconds) method ... it returns a float and the cast rounds.
select time, ksuid_micros(time), ksuid_timestamp(ksuid_micros_old(time)), ksuid_timestamp(ksuid_micros(time)) = time
from generate_series(
'2024-01-01 00:00:00'::timestamp,
'2024-01-01 00:00:02'::timestamp,
'250 milliseconds'::interval
) as time
| time | ksuid_micros | ksuid_timestamp | match |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024-01-01 00:00:00 | 2aKVLJsgGskAmhPJYUrMFxdvHO9 | 2024-01-01 00:00:00+00 | 1 |
| 2024-01-01 00:00:00.25 | 2aKVLLjqueDUhLjpIaSiqRMtGVe | 2024-01-01 00:00:00.25+00 | 1 |
| 2024-01-01 00:00:00.5 | 2aKVLVO5b9Mdr8jbCxYlrG1AbQB | 2024-01-01 00:00:01.5+00 | 0 |
| 2024-01-01 00:00:00.75 | 2aKVLXFGEDDD4h98xgcLRgVGpEx | 2024-01-01 00:00:01.75+00 | 0 |
| 2024-01-01 00:00:01 | 2aKVLRfkHh2TL1ZkBkLvIektKMo | 2024-01-01 00:00:01+00 | 1 |
| 2024-01-01 00:00:01.25 | 2aKVLTWux8W7w49ahrboj5EhA6a | 2024-01-01 00:00:01.25+00 | 1 |
| 2024-01-01 00:00:01.5 | 2aKVLdB9cpdKsWMd7S6bcyYCERr | 2024-01-01 00:00:02.5+00 | 0 |
| 2024-01-01 00:00:01.75 | 2aKVLf2KFtStLNARrrMOjkXIY5A | 2024-01-01 00:00:02.75+00 | 0 |
| 2024-01-01 00:00:02 | 2aKVLZSoJsjoq4qxrVMOWQXEAB4 | 2024-01-01 00:00:02+00 | 1 |
I fixed by just doing
v_seconds := floor(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM v_time)) - v_epoch;
Hi @jmelloy !
Thanks for finding the bug and fixing it!
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Sorry @fabiolimace
Can I use this to generate ksuid as autogenerated primary key?