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Running Ubuntu under Guix using QEmu, and then installing Cuis Smalltalk
Raw
guix-qemu-ubuntu.org

There is no WSL or Multipass on Guix, but we can get the same thing with QEmu (and a lot more). But it’s a bit trickier to get started!

Guix packages required:

  • qemu (possibly can get away with minimal package)
  • cloud-utils (for cloud-localds)
  • cdrkit-libre (for genisoimage, used by cloud-localds)

Create the following user data file - there may be more in this than you need.

#cloud-config
hostname: testhost
timezone: Europe/London
manage_etc_hosts: true
ssh_pwauth: true
users:
  - default
  - name: ubuntu
    sudo: ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
    groups: users, wheel, sudo
    lock_passwd: false
    passwd: secret1
    ssh_authorized_keys:
      - ssh-ed25519 AAAAC8..
disable_root: false
chpasswd:
  list: |
    ubuntu:secret1
    root:secret2
  expire: False

Then create an image from this file: cloud-localds seed.img user-data.yaml

Then download your qcow2 images from Ubuntu - they have an .img extension - you need to get specific ones. Go here: https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/

And click on the daily builds you want, eg for 20.04, click focal, then current: https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/focal/current/

Daily just means has latest package updates from that day.

Then you’re looking for the xxxxx-server-cloudimg-amd64.img (NOT the one with kvm in the name), eg: focal-server-cloudimg-amd64.img

eg: wget https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/focal/current/focal-server-cloudimg-amd64.img

Then you can run the image using:

sudo qemu-system-x86_64  \
  -machine accel=kvm,type=q35 \
  -cpu host \
  -m 2G \
  -nographic \
  -nic user,id=vmnic,hostfwd=tcp::2222-:22 \
  -drive if=virtio,format=qcow2,file=focal-server-cloudimg-amd64.img \
  -drive if=virtio,format=raw,file=seed.img

Remember it’s ctrl-a x to exit or ctrl-a c to get qemu menu.

To ssh you want: ssh -v -o "StrictHostKeyChecking no" -i /home/foo/.ssh/foo_ed25519 -p 2222 ubuntu@localhost

Before you install anything you’ll want to resize the volumes inside the Ubuntu image!

No very easy way to do this on Guix - easiest way is to use https://www.libguestfs.org/

The follow steps take place on one of my virtual Ubuntu boxes:

On Ubuntu virtual server only, you need to install the kernel as well as the package to avoid the virt-resize: error: libguestfs error: /usr/bin/supermin exited with error status 1 error:

sudo apt install libguestfs-tools
sudo apt install linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04
sudo chmod go+r /boot/vmlinuz-*

Now we can extend our image from Ubuntu.

First we make a copy of our image: cp focal-server-cloudimg-amd64.img focal-server-cloudimg-amd64.orig.img

Then we extend the target: qemu-img resize focal-server-cloudimg-amd64.img +20G

And we can see the original /dev/sda1 root file system, at only 2.1GB, and our extended space at the end:

$ sudo virt-filesystems --long -h --all -a focal-server-cloudimg-amd64.orig.img
Name       Type       VFS     Label           MBR Size Parent
/dev/sda1  filesystem ext4    cloudimg-rootfs -   2.1G -
/dev/sda14 filesystem unknown -               -   4.0M -
/dev/sda15 filesystem vfat    UEFI            -   106M -
/dev/sda1  partition  -       -               -   2.1G /dev/sda
/dev/sda14 partition  -       -               -   4.0M /dev/sda
/dev/sda15 partition  -       -               -   106M /dev/sda
/dev/sda   device     -       -               -   20G  -

Now we extend /dev/sda1 to use the new space:

$ sudo virt-resize --expand /dev/sda1 focal-server-cloudimg-amd64.orig.img focal-server-cloudimg-amd64.img        
[   0.0] Examining focal-server-cloudimg-amd64.orig.img
 100% ⟦▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒⟧ 00:00
**********

Summary of changes:

/dev/sda14: This partition will be left alone.

/dev/sda15: This partition will be left alone.

/dev/sda1: This partition will be resized from 2.1G to 15.9G.  The 
filesystem ext4 on /dev/sda1 will be expanded using the ‘resize2fs’ 
method.

**********
[  55.3] Setting up initial partition table on focal-server-cloudimg-amd64.img
[  91.6] Copying /dev/sda14
[  92.1] Copying /dev/sda15
[  93.9] Copying /dev/sda1
 100% ⟦▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒⟧ 00:00
 100% ⟦▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒⟧ 00:00
[ 183.2] Expanding /dev/sda1 (now /dev/sda3) using the ‘resize2fs’ method

Resize operation completed with no errors.  Before deleting the old disk, 
carefully check that the resized disk boots and works correctly.

Note in the logs “Expanding /dev/sda1 (now /dev/sda3)” - so if you try to run this you’ll just get the “grub rescue”. This is because it’s still pointing to /dev/sda1 - we need to repoint it to /dev/sda3.

You can rerun this at any time to see the changes: sudo virt-filesystems --long -h --all -a focal-server-cloudimg-amd64.img

To repoint grub we do this - the commands to type in start mkdir /mnt, we exit using ctrl d.

$ sudo virt-rescue focal-server-cloudimg-amd64.img                                                     
Could not access KVM kernel module: No such device
qemu-system-x86_64: failed to initialize KVM: No such device
qemu-system-x86_64: Back to tcg accelerator
supermin: mounting /proc
supermin: ext2 mini initrd starting up: 5.1.20
insmod: init_module: crc32-pclmul.ko: No such device
insmod: init_module: crct10dif-pclmul.ko: No such device
Starting /init script ...
[/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/static-nodes-permissions.conf:12] Unknown group 'audio'.
[/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/static-nodes-permissions.conf:13] Unknown group 'audio'.
[/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/static-nodes-permissions.conf:14] Unknown group 'disk'.
[/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/static-nodes-permissions.conf:17] Unknown group 'kvm'.
[/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/systemd.conf:11] Unknown group 'utmp'.
[/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/systemd.conf:19] Unknown user 'systemd-network'.
[/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/systemd.conf:20] Unknown user 'systemd-network'.
[/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/systemd.conf:21] Unknown user 'systemd-network'.
[/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/systemd.conf:22] Unknown user 'systemd-network'.
[/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/systemd.conf:26] Unknown group 'systemd-journal'.
[/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/systemd.conf:27] Unknown group 'systemd-journal'.
Failed to parse ACL "d:group::r-x,d:group:adm:r-x,group::r-x,group:adm:r-x": No such file or directory. Ignoring
Failed to parse ACL "d:group:adm:r-x,group:adm:r-x": No such file or directory. Ignoring
Failed to parse ACL "group:adm:r--": No such file or directory. Ignoring
Failed to parse ACL "d:group::r-x,d:group:adm:r-x,group::r-x,group:adm:r-x": No such file or directory. Ignoring
Failed to parse ACL "d:group:adm:r-x,group:adm:r-x": No such file or directory. Ignoring
Failed to parse ACL "group:adm:r--": No such file or directory. Ignoring
Starting version 245.4-4ubuntu3.15
/init: line 116: echo: write error: Invalid argument
/init: line 116: echo: write error: Invalid argument
mdadm: No arrays found in config file or automatically
/init: line 144: lvmetad: command not found
/init: line 147: modprobe: command not found
mdadm: No arrays found in config file or automatically
[
]
lvm_system_dir = /tmp/lvm

The virt-rescue escape key is ‘^]’.  Type ‘^] h’ for help.

------------------------------------------------------------

Welcome to virt-rescue, the libguestfs rescue shell.

Note: The contents of / (root) are the rescue appliance.
You have to mount the guest’s partitions under /sysroot
before you can examine them.

groups: cannot find name for group ID 0
><rescue> mkdir /mnt
><rescue> mount /dev/sda3 /mnt
><rescue> mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
><rescue> mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
><rescue> mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
><rescue> chroot /mnt
><rescue> grub-install /dev/sda
Installing for i386-pc platform.
Installation finished. No error reported.
><rescue> 
><rescue> exit

virt-rescue: Syncing the disk now before exiting ...

/init: line 264: reboot: command not found
[  134.527776] Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init! exitcode=0x00007f00
[  134.531740] CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: init Not tainted 5.13.0-39-generic #44~20.04.1-Ubuntu
[  134.532359] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.13.0-1ubuntu1.1 04/01/2014
[  134.533008] Call Trace:
[  134.533983]  <TASK>
[  134.534758]  dump_stack+0x7d/0x9c
[  134.536018]  panic+0x101/0x2e3
[  134.536204]  do_exit.cold+0x60/0xb0
[  134.536395]  do_group_exit+0x43/0xb0
[  134.536605]  __x64_sys_exit_group+0x18/0x20
[  134.536823]  do_syscall_64+0x61/0xb0
[  134.537014]  ? irqentry_exit_to_user_mode+0x9/0x20
[  134.537256]  ? irqentry_exit+0x19/0x30
[  134.537462]  ? exc_page_fault+0x8f/0x170
[  134.537668]  ? asm_exc_page_fault+0x8/0x30
[  134.537890]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae
[  134.538303] RIP: 0033:0x7f7873c9b176
[  134.539130] Code: fa 41 b8 e7 00 00 00 be 3c 00 00 00 eb 15 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 89 d7 89 f0 0f 05 48 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 22 f4 89 d7 44 89 c0 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 76 e2 f7 d80
[  134.540326] RSP: 002b:00007fff43410788 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000e7
[  134.541454] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f7873da08a0 RCX: 00007f7873c9b176
[  134.541820] RDX: 000000000000007f RSI: 000000000000003c RDI: 000000000000007f
[  134.542178] RBP: 000000000000007f R08: 00000000000000e7 R09: ffffffffffffff80
[  134.542548] R10: 0000000000000008 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007f7873da08a0
[  134.542898] R13: 0000000000000001 R14: 00007f7873da92e8 R15: 0000000000000000
[  134.543367]  </TASK>
[  134.544770] Kernel Offset: 0x29a00000 from 0xffffffff81000000 (relocation range: 0xffffffff80000000-0xffffffffbfffffff)
[  134.545797] Rebooting in 1 seconds..

Now we should see /dev/sda3 expanded:

$ sudo virt-filesystems --long -h --all -a focal-server-cloudimg-amd64.img     
Name       Type        VFS      Label            MBR  Size  Parent
/dev/sda1  filesystem  unknown  -                -    4.0M  -
/dev/sda2  filesystem  vfat     UEFI             -    106M  -
/dev/sda3  filesystem  ext4     cloudimg-rootfs  -    20G   -
/dev/sda1  partition   -        -                -    4.0M  /dev/sda
/dev/sda2  partition   -        -                -    106M  /dev/sda
/dev/sda3  partition   -        -                -    20G   /dev/sda
/dev/sda   device      -        -                -    20G   -

Copy it back to Guix and give it a whirl:

sudo qemu-system-x86_64  \
  -machine accel=kvm,type=q35 \
  -cpu host \
  -m 2G \
  -nic user,id=vmnic,hostfwd=tcp::2222-:22 \
  -drive if=virtio,format=qcow2,file=focal-server-cloudimg-amd64.img \
  -drive if=virtio,format=raw,file=seed.img \
  -nographic

Now we can login using SSH to port 2222 and forward X-Windows with -Y: ssh -Y -o "StrictHostKeyChecking no" -p 2222 ubuntu@localhost

Check X-Windows is working - by rendering a wee clock:

sudo apt install x11-apps
xclock

Now for Cuis Smalltalk - following these instructions: https://github.com/Cuis-Smalltalk/Cuis-Smalltalk-Dev/blob/master/Documentation/GettingStarted.md

But first we need to install libgl1.

sudo apt-get install libgl1
mkdir MyProject
cd MyProject/
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/Cuis-Smalltalk/Cuis-Smalltalk-Dev.git
cd Cuis-Smalltalk-Dev/ 
./clonePackageRepos.sh 
cd ..
wget -O cogspur.tgz https://github.com/OpenSmalltalk/opensmalltalk-vm/releases/download/202112201228/squeak.cog.spur_linux64x64.tar.gz
tar -xvzf cogspur.tgz 
mv sqcogspur64linuxht cogspur
cogspur/squeak Cuis-Smalltalk-Dev/Cuis6.0-5069.image &

Some References:

Expanding the filesystem:

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