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@fernandobarbalho
Created May 19, 2026 21:25
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Sunspot of power
---
title: "Transição na geração de energia elétrica"
subtitle: "Números e geografia da opção brasileira pela energia renovável"
output:
html_document:
code_folding: hide
date: "2025-08-15"
---
```{r setup, include=TRUE}
knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE, message = FALSE, warning = FALSE)
library(tidyverse)
library(colorspace)
library(sp)
library(sf)
library(spData)
library(patchwork)
library(forecast)
```
```{r}
endereco_aneel<- "https://dadosabertos.aneel.gov.br/dataset/6d90b77c-c5f5-4d81-bdec-7bc619494bb9/resource/2f65a1b0-19b8-4360-8238-b34ab4693d55/download/siga-empreendimentos-geracao-diario.csv"
siga_empreendimentos_geracao<-
read_delim(endereco_aneel,
delim = ";",
escape_double = FALSE,
locale = locale(decimal_mark = ",",
grouping_mark = ".",
encoding = "latin1"),
trim_ws = TRUE) %>%
janitor::clean_names()
mapa_brasil<- geobr::read_country(showProgress = FALSE)
coords_usinas<-
siga_empreendimentos_geracao %>%
st_as_sf(coords = c("num_coord_e_empreendimento" , "num_coord_n_empreendimento"),
crs = 4326) %>%
select(dsc_fase_usina, dsc_origem_combustivel, mda_potencia_outorgada_kw, mda_potencia_outorgada_kw,geometry)
gera_dados_mapa<- function(){
coords_usinas %>%
filter(dsc_origem_combustivel != "Nuclear") %>%
mutate(fase = case_when(
dsc_fase_usina == "Operação" ~ "In Service",
dsc_fase_usina != "Operação" ~ "Planned & Under Development"
)) %>%
mutate(fase = factor(fase, levels = c("In Service", "Planned & Under Development"))) %>%
mutate(tipo_renovavel= case_when(
dsc_origem_combustivel == "Fóssil" ~ "Não renovável",
dsc_origem_combustivel != "Fóssil" ~ "Renovável",
))
}
data_geracao_dados<- format( siga_empreendimentos_geracao$dat_geracao_conjunto_dados[1], format = "%d/%m/%Y")
cor_fundo<- "#D0D0D0"# "#F8F8F8"
cor_fundo_painel<- "#F5F5F5"
cor_fundo_estados<- "#696969"
cor_fundo_mapa_pontos <- "#2B2B2B" #"#505050"
cor_texto<- "#324e5a"
cores_combustivel<- c("#D55E00", "#4BB5C1","#999999","#0072B2","#F0E442") #
```
```{r fig.dpi= 300}
gera_dados_mapa() %>%
mutate(mda_potencia_outorgada_kw = mda_potencia_outorgada_kw/10^3) %>%
filter(dsc_origem_combustivel=="Solar") %>%
ggplot()+
#geom_sf(data = world, fill= "lightgray" )+
geom_sf(data = mapa_brasil,
fill= "black",
alpha= 0.3,
color = NA )+
geom_sf( aes( size= mda_potencia_outorgada_kw ),
pch=21,
alpha=0.1,
fill= cores_combustivel[5], #"#D55E00"
color = cor_fundo) + #AD1A1A" +
coord_sf(xlim = c(-31,-72), ylim=c(-35,5))+
theme_void() +
theme(
panel.background = element_rect(fill= "#505050" ), #"#505050"
legend.position = "bottom",
legend.background = element_rect(fill= "#505050", color = "#505050"),
legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
legend.title = element_text(size = 8),
plot.background = element_rect(fill= "#505050"),
plot.title = element_text(size = 14, face = "bold"),
plot.subtitle = element_text(size = 10, face = "italic"),
plot.caption = element_text(size = 8, face = "italic"),
text = element_text( colour = cores_combustivel[5]),
strip.text = element_text(size= 8, face ="bold")
) +
labs(
size= "Power em MW",
caption = paste0("Source: ANEEL (",data_geracao_dados,"). Elaboration by Fernando Barbalho") ,
title = "Sunspots of Power",
subtitle = "Large-scale solar projects are concentrating along Brazil’s high-irradiation corridor. A shift toward bigger plants\nand a new geographic axis of the energy transition.\n"
) +
facet_wrap(fase~.)
```
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