Create vHost Ubuntu Lamp-Server (bash and python)

vhost.py

#! /usr/bin/python

from sys import argv
from os.path import exists
from os import makedirs
from os import symlink
from os import system
import getopt

#
#   Show Usage, Output to STDERR
#
def show_usage():
	print """
	Create a new vHost in Ubuntu Server
	Assumes /etc/apache2/sites-available and /etc/apache2/sites-enabled setup used

	    -d    DocumentRoot - i.e. /var/www/yoursite
	    -h    Help - Show this menu.
	    -s    ServerName - i.e. example.com or sub.example.com
	"""
	exit(1)

#
#   Output vHost skeleton, fill with userinput
#   To be outputted into new file
#
def create_vhost(documentroot, servername):
	out = """<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    ServerName %s

    DocumentRoot %s

    <Directory %s>
        Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks +MultiViews
        AllowOverride All
        Order allow,deny
        Allow from all
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/%s-error.log

    # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
    # alert, emerg.
    LogLevel warn

    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/%s-access.log combined

</VirtualHost>""" % (servername, documentroot, documentroot, servername, servername)
	return out

#Parse flags, fancy python way. Long options also!
try:		
	opts, args = getopt.getopt(argv[1:], "hd:s:", ["help", "document-root=", 'server-name='])
except getopt.GetoptError, err:
	print str(err)
	show_usage()

#Sanity check - make sure there are arguments
if opts.__len__() == 0:
	show_usage()

documentRoot = None
serverName = None

#Get values from flags
for option, value in opts:
	if option in ('-h', '--help'):
		show_usage()
	elif option in ('-d', '--document-root'):
		documentRoot = value
	elif option in ('-s', '--server-name'):
		serverName = value
	else:
		print "Unknown parameter used"
		show_usage()

if exists(documentRoot) == False:
	makedirs(documentRoot, 0755)
	#chown USER:USER $DocumentRoot #POSSIBLE IMPLEMENTATION, new flag -u ?
	#from pwd import getpwnam  -> inspect: getpwnam('someuser')

if exists('%s/%s.conf' % (documentRoot, serverName)):
	print 'vHost already exists. Aborting'
   	show_usage()
else:
	target = open('/etc/apache2/sites-available/%s.conf' % serverName, 'w')
	target.write(create_vhost(documentRoot, serverName))
	target.close()
	
	srcLink = '/etc/apache2/sites-available/%s.conf' % serverName
	destLink = '/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/%s.conf' % serverName
	symlink(srcLink, destLink)
	
	system('service apache2 reload')

vhost.sh

#! /bin/bash

# Run this as sudo!
# I move this file to /usr/local/bin/vhost and run command 'vhost' from anywhere, using sudo.

#
#   Show Usage, Output to STDERR
#
function show_usage {
cat <<- _EOF_

Create a new vHost in Ubuntu Server
Assumes /etc/apache2/sites-available and /etc/apache2/sites-enabled setup used

    -d    DocumentRoot - i.e. /var/www/yoursite
    -h    Help - Show this menu.
    -s    ServerName - i.e. example.com or sub.example.com
    -a    ServerAlias - i.e. *.example.com or another domain altogether
    -p    File path to the SSL certificate. Directories only, no file name.
          If using an SSL Certificate, also creates a port :443 vhost as well.
          This *ASSUMES* a .crt and a .key file exists
            at file path /provided-file-path/your-server-or-cert-name.[crt|key].
          Otherwise you can except Apache errors when you reload Apache.
          Ensure Apache's mod_ssl is enabled via "sudo a2enmod ssl".
    -c    Certificate filename. "xip.io" becomes "xip.io.key" and "xip.io.crt".

    Example Usage. Serve files from /var/www/xip.io at http(s)://192.168.33.10.xip.io
                   using ssl files from /etc/ssl/xip.io/xip.io.[key|crt]
    sudo vhost -d /var/www/xip.io -s 192.168.33.10.xip.io -p /etc/ssl/xip.io -c xip.io

_EOF_
exit 1
}


#
#   Output vHost skeleton, fill with userinput
#   To be outputted into new file
#
function create_vhost {
cat <<- _EOF_
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    ServerName $ServerName
    $ServerAlias

    DocumentRoot $DocumentRoot

    # Uncomment this to proxy pass to fastcgi
    # Assumes Apache 2.4 with mod_proxy_fcgi
    # ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php(/.*)?)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000$DocumentRoot/$1

    <Directory $DocumentRoot>
        Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks +MultiViews
        AllowOverride All
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog \${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/$ServerName-error.log

    # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
    # alert, emerg.
    LogLevel warn

    CustomLog \${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/$ServerName-access.log combined

    #ProxyPassMatch


</VirtualHost>
_EOF_
}

function create_ssl_vhost {
cat <<- _EOF_
<VirtualHost *:443>
    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    ServerName $ServerName
    $ServerAlias

    DocumentRoot $DocumentRoot

    # Uncomment this to proxy pass to fastcgi
    # Assumes Apache 2.4 with mod_proxy_fcgi
    # ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php(/.*)?)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000$DocumentRoot/$1

    <Directory $DocumentRoot>
        Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks +MultiViews
        AllowOverride All
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog \${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/$ServerName-error.log

    # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
    # alert, emerg.
    LogLevel warn

    CustomLog \${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/$ServerName-access.log combined

    #ProxyPassMatch

    SSLEngine on

    SSLCertificateFile  $CertPath/$CertName.crt
    SSLCertificateKeyFile $CertPath/$CertName.key

    <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$">
        SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
    </FilesMatch>

    BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-6]" \\
        nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \\
        downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0
    # MSIE 7 and newer should be able to use keepalive
    BrowserMatch "MSIE [17-9]" ssl-unclean-shutdown
</VirtualHost>
_EOF_
}

#Sanity Check - are there two arguments with 2 values?
if [ "$#" -lt 4 ]; then
	show_usage
fi

CertPath=""

#Parse flags
while getopts "d:s:a:p:c:h" OPTION; do
    case $OPTION in
        h)
            show_usage
            ;;
        d)
            DocumentRoot=$OPTARG
            ;;
        s)
            ServerName=$OPTARG
            ;;
        a)
            Alias=$OPTARG
            ;;
        p)
            CertPath=$OPTARG
            ;;
        c)
            CertName=$OPTARG
            ;;
        *)
            show_usage
            ;;
    esac
done

# If alias is set:
if [ "$Alias" != "" ]; then
    ServerAlias="ServerAlias "$Alias
else
    ServerAlias=""
fi

# If CertName doesn't get set, set it to ServerName
if [ "$CertName" == "" ]; then
    CertName=$ServerName
fi

if [ ! -d $DocumentRoot ]; then
    mkdir -p $DocumentRoot
    #chown USER:USER $DocumentRoot #POSSIBLE IMPLEMENTATION, new flag -u ?
fi

if [ -f "$DocumentRoot/$ServerName.conf" ]; then
    echo 'vHost already exists. Aborting'
    show_usage
else
    create_vhost > /etc/apache2/sites-available/${ServerName}.conf

    # Add :443 handling
    if [ "$CertPath" != "" ]; then
        create_ssl_vhost >> /etc/apache2/sites-available/${ServerName}.conf
    fi

    # Enable Site
    cd /etc/apache2/sites-available/ && a2ensite ${ServerName}.conf
    service apache2 reload
fi

sorry i meant add this:

echo 127.0.1.1 ${Alias} >> /etc/hosts

This rocks. In order to add the localhost information to the beginning of /etc/hosts, add this instead:

                    echo 127.0.0.1 ${Alias} | cat - /etc/hosts > /tmp/out && mv /tmp/out /etc/hosts

This generates a file with the new localhost information added to the top. Great scripts.