Just add some css for `.interactive-block > table`

example.md

Example

first(code, 'block')

And

>>> second(code, 'block')
this is not highlighted ('even if it looks like code')
>>> def test():
...     also(works, 'with', ...)
...
>>> 

Neat!

invoke.sh

#!/bin/bash
pandoc -s --filter=pandocfilter_interactive.py example.md >! example.htm

pandocfilter_interactive.py

#/usr/bin/env python3

import re

from pandocfilters import toJSONFilter, Div, Table, CodeBlock


re_cont = re.compile(r'^\.\.\. ?(.*)')


def interactive_session(key, value, format, meta):
    if key == 'CodeBlock':
        ((ident, classes, keyvals), code) = value
        if 'python' not in classes or not code.startswith('>>>'):
            return CodeBlock((ident, classes, keyvals), code)

        blocks = code.split('>>>')[1:]

        rows = []
        for block in blocks:
            # remove initial space if available
            block = block.lstrip(' ').split('\n')
            input = [block[0]]
            output = []
            block_it = iter(block[1:])
            for l in block_it:
                m = re_cont.match(l)
                # Only add lines until the first output
                if m:
                    input.append(m[1])
                else:
                    if l: output.append(l)
                    break
            output += list(block_it)

            prompts = '>>> \n' + '\n'.join('... ' for i in input[1:])
            rows.append([
                [CodeBlock(['',    [],      keyvals], prompts)],
                [CodeBlock([ident, classes, keyvals], '\n'.join(input))],
            ])
            if output:
                rows.append([
                    [],  # There’s no colspan so we need an empty cell here
                    [CodeBlock(['', [], keyvals], '\n'.join(output))],
                ])

        ident = ''
        kvs = []

        caption = []
        alignments = [dict(t='AlignDefault', c=[])] * 2
        width = [0, 0]
        headers = [[], []]
        return Div(
            [ident, ['interactive-block'], kvs],
            [Table(caption, alignments, width, headers, rows)],
        )


if __name__ == '__main__':
    toJSONFilter(interactive_session)