Basics for using Elastic Block Store (EBS) in your EC2-Instances (OS: Ubuntu)

AWS Elastic Block Store - Basics

Mounting an EBS-Storage

Variables:
@device_name = /dev/sdf
@device_mount = xvdf
@mount_point = /my_space

Select the EBS-Storage in the AWS-Console (Web-Interface) and attach it to the desired device.
Here you can set the @device_name which is shown in your instance as @device_mount.

show all informations of filesystem
$ lsblk

create mountpoint
$ sudo mkdir @mount_point

set file-system (ONLY FOR THE FIRST TIME - SO: NO DATA ON THE SYSTEM!!!)
$ sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/@device_mount

and finally mount it:
$ sudo mount /dev/@device_mount @mount_point


After you used that instance you need to detach it to keep files alive:
$ umount -d /dev/@device_mount
if it doesn't work, because it is busy you can use the lazy option (maybe file loss):
$ umount -l /dev/@device_mount

.. and go to the AWS-Console to detach that EBS.