This is a reproducible script to demonstrate a bug in ActiveJob related to tagged logging

active_job_duplicate_tagged_logs.rb

# frozen_string_literal: true

require "bundler/inline"

gemfile(true) do
  source "https://rubygems.org"

  gem "rails", "8.0.0.rc1"
  # If you want to test against edge Rails replace the previous line with this:
  # gem "rails", github: "rails/rails", branch: "main"
end

require "active_job"
require "minitest/autorun"

$buffer = []

class DefaultsError < StandardError; end

class RetryJob < ActiveJob::Base
  retry_on DefaultsError, attempts: 2

  def perform(raising, *)
    $buffer << [raising, executions]

    raise raising
  end
end

class BuggyJobTest < ActiveJob::TestCase
  def test_stuff
    out, err = capture_subprocess_io do
      perform_enqueued_jobs do
        assert_raises DefaultsError do
          RetryJob.perform_later DefaultsError
        end
      end
    end

    # The logs show job performed twice before being stopped
    lines = out.split("\n")

    assert_match(
      /Performing RetryJob \(Job ID: .{36}\)/,
      lines[0]
    )
    assert_match(
      /Performing RetryJob \(Job ID: .{36}\)/,
      lines[1]
    )
    assert_match(
      /Stopped retrying RetryJob \(Job ID: .{36}\)/,
      lines[2]
    )

    assert_equal(
      [[DefaultsError, 1], [DefaultsError, 2]],
      $buffer
    )

    # However, the logs aren't appropriately tagged, as retried jobs duplicate the job tags
    assert_match(
      /\[ActiveJob\] \[RetryJob\] \[.{36}\] Performing RetryJob \(Job ID: .{36}\) from Test\(default\) enqueued at .{30} with arguments: DefaultsError/,
      lines[0]
    )
    assert_match(
      /\[ActiveJob\] \[RetryJob\] \[.{36}\] Performing RetryJob \(Job ID: .{36}\) from Test\(default\) enqueued at .{30} with arguments: DefaultsError/,
      lines[1]
    )
    assert_match(
      /\[ActiveJob\] \[RetryJob\] \[.{36}\] Stopped retrying RetryJob \(Job ID: .{36}\) due to a DefaultsError \(DefaultsError\), which reoccurred on 2 attempts/,
      lines[2]
    )
    # logs look like this instead:
    # [ActiveJob] [RetryJob] [{{job_id}}] Performing RetryJob (Job ID: {{job_id}}) from Test(default) enqueued at {{timestamp}} with arguments: DefaultsError
    # [ActiveJob] [RetryJob] [{{job_id}}] [RetryJob] [{{job_id}}] Performing RetryJob (Job ID: {{job_id}}) from Test(default) enqueued at {{timestamp}} with arguments: DefaultsError
    # [ActiveJob] [RetryJob] [{{job_id}}] [RetryJob] [{{job_id}}] [RetryJob] [{{job_id}}] [RetryJob] [{{job_id}}] [RetryJob] [{{job_id}}] Stopped retrying RetryJob (Job ID: {{job_id}}) due to a DefaultsError (DefaultsError), which reoccurred on 2 attempts.
  end
end