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export PATH=$PATH:/home/john/myprogram # add the directory /home/john/myprogram to the path

which nano # shows where is the executable of "nano" located
whereis nano # shows where are the executable, manuals, source code, etc. of "nano"

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alias clone_my_repo = "git clone http://verylongurl.com" # create an alias

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echo "hello" # prints hello in the console
echo $USER # prints the value of the variable USER in the console

env # prints all the environment variables
set # prints all the local variables

MY_FRIENDS=William # create a local variable called MY_FRIENDS
MY_FRIENDS=$MY_FRIENDS:John:Anna # concatenate values 'John' and 'Anna' to MY_FRIENDS
export MY_FRIENDS # makes local variable MY_FRIENDS an environment one
unset MY_FRIENDS # deletes the variable MY_FRIENDS

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a | b # pipe: inject a command output into b command input
a > file.txt # save output of command a into file.txt (overwrite)
a >> file.txt # save output of command a into file.txt (append)
echo "Hello!" | xargs echo # injects the output of the first command as an argument of the second command

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su # change current user to root
su - # change current user and local variables to root
su maria # change current user to "maria"
sudo nano # runs command "nano" as root user

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ps # shows the processes running right now on this terminal session
ps aux # shows all the processes running on the computer
htop # display an activity monitor in the terminal

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uname -a # shows info about the system (kernel, architecture...)
sudo lshw # (only Linux) list all the hardware components
sudo lshw -short # (only Linux) list a summary table with the hardware components
lscpu # (only Linux) show information about the CPU
lsusb # (only Linux) list the plugged USB devices
date # print the current date and time

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# Linux
echo "Hello my friend!" | xclip # copy "Hello my friend!" to the clipboard
xclip -o >> pasted_text.txt # paste the content of the clipboard into a text file

# macOS
echo "Hello my friend!" | pbcopy # copy "Hello my friend!" to the clipboard
pbpaste >> pasted_text.txt # paste the content of the clipboard into a text file

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clear # cleans the console