Use https://github.com/Tyrrrz/CliWrap instead, the following code has some shortcomings

ProcessAsyncHelper.cs

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

// based on https://gist.github.com/AlexMAS/276eed492bc989e13dcce7c78b9e179d
public static class ProcessAsyncHelper
{
    public static async Task<ProcessResult> RunProcessAsync(string command, string arguments, int timeout)
    {
        var result = new ProcessResult();

        using (var process = new Process())
        {
            process.StartInfo.FileName = command;
            process.StartInfo.Arguments = arguments;
            process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
            //process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = true;
            process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
            process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;
            process.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;

            var outputBuilder = new StringBuilder();
            var outputCloseEvent = new TaskCompletionSource<bool>();

            process.OutputDataReceived += (s, e) =>
            {
                if (e.Data == null)
                {
                    outputCloseEvent.SetResult(true);
                }
                else
                {
                    outputBuilder.Append(e.Data);
                }
            };

            var errorBuilder = new StringBuilder();
            var errorCloseEvent = new TaskCompletionSource<bool>();

            process.ErrorDataReceived += (s, e) =>
            {
                if (e.Data == null)
                {
                    errorCloseEvent.SetResult(true);
                }
                else
                {
                    errorBuilder.Append(e.Data);
                }
            };

            var isStarted = process.Start();
            if (!isStarted)
            {
                result.ExitCode = process.ExitCode;
                return result;
            }

            // Reads the output stream first and then waits because deadlocks are possible
            process.BeginOutputReadLine();
            process.BeginErrorReadLine();

            // Creates task to wait for process exit using timeout
            var waitForExit = WaitForExitAsync(process, timeout);

            // Create task to wait for process exit and closing all output streams
            var processTask = Task.WhenAll(waitForExit, outputCloseEvent.Task, errorCloseEvent.Task);

            // Waits process completion and then checks it was not completed by timeout
            if (await Task.WhenAny(Task.Delay(timeout), processTask) == processTask && waitForExit.Result)
            {
                result.ExitCode = process.ExitCode;
                result.Output = outputBuilder.ToString();
                result.Error = errorBuilder.ToString();
            }
            else
            {
                try
                {
                    // Kill hung process
                    process.Kill();
                }
                catch
                {
                    // ignored
                }
            }
        }

        return result;
    }


    private static Task<bool> WaitForExitAsync(Process process, int timeout)
    {
        return Task.Run(() => process.WaitForExit(timeout));
    }


    public struct ProcessResult
    {
        public int? ExitCode;
        public string Output;
        public string Error;
    }
}

Once I was experimenting with something similar, focusing on streams in/out/error... Unfortunately the original link provided in the sample is not avail, but there were some consideration (at least in the past) why the event based approach was not used. What I miss is actually the ExitCode handling in case of regular completition (this includes everything except the custom timeout, so errors as well). This is what I could grab from the mails I've exchanged at that time: https://gist.github.com/hidegh/07d5588702e2b56a3fc2a3d73848d9f3

One goals of async is to not tie up a thread while waiting. This WaitForExitAsync shouldn't tie up a thread while waiting for process to complete.

    public static async Task WaitForExitAsync(this Process process, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
    {
        var tcs = new TaskCompletionSource<bool>(TaskCreationOptions.RunContinuationsAsynchronously);

        void Process_Exited(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
             tcs.TrySetResult(true);
        }

        process.EnableRaisingEvents = true;
        process.Exited += Process_Exited;

        try
        {
            if (process.HasExited)
            {
                return;
            }

            using (cancellationToken.Register(() => tcs.TrySetCanceled()))
            {
                await tcs.Task.ConfigureAwait(false);
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            process.Exited -= Process_Exited;
        }
    }

I think you are right about that. The above code has different shortcomings. After reviewing (I read at least parts of the source code) some libraries solving this or similar problems, I think CliWrap is a quite complete and mature solution.

More lightweight (in the sense of you can read the source code completely in some minutes, similar to this gist; not in the sense of execution time, which I didn't test) would be ProcessStartAsync, but it has some shortcomings:

• not targeting ns2.0 (but 1.3)
• having dependencies that should be private
• not sure if it's actively maintained
• silently overwriting ProcessStartInfo properties (startInfo.UseShellExecute = false; startInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;). Throwing InvalidOperationExceptions might be better.
• no handling of ps.Start(); returning false. Not sure if it's needed though.
  • same applies to CliWrap
• duplicate WaitForExit seems wrong
• seems like a good idea to follow the guidance regarding completions of TCSs
  • same applies to CliWrap fixed

I liked both more than other options I reviewed:

https://github.com/Cysharp/ProcessX

• does many things that are imho out of scope for such a library

https://github.com/itn3000/AsyncProcessExecutor/

• more complicated than ProcessStartAsync (maybe interesting if one plans to pipe binary data/wants to stream output of one process to another), imho written worse than CliWrap

https://github.com/jamesmanning/RunProcessAsTask

• API with Lists for StdOut and StdErr just seems wrong

https://github.com/samoatesgames/AsyncProcess.Sharp

• rather good candidate, though: waits in a thread, targets .Net Framework

Thanks @georg-jung!

Just wanted to add a few comments since I've found your post:

no handling of ps.Start();

To the best of my knowledge, false can only be returned with shell execute, although I may be wrong. I have never had a false return though so in order to handle it I would need a test that exercises this behavior. Basically I'm waiting for the issue to happen first before solving it.

does many things that are imho out of scope for such a library

Interestingly enough, CliWrap also has all the features of ProcessX, which is the event stream execution model. So you don't have to compromise.

more complicated than ProcessStartAsync (maybe interesting if one plans to pipe binary data/wants to stream output of one process to another)

Same here, CliWrap has a powerful support for piping in which the configuration and execution are also separate.

While they do share features, I liked yours better in terms of separation of concerns and think it's less opinionated, that's what I meant. Like deciding "developers tend to write things to the console instead of an ILogger" (by offering an API for one but not the other) is a thing I considered "out of scope" ;-); but after all that's just my opinion too, I guess. So - keep up the great work!

❤️