GCP Serverless scrapers

deployment_get_service_url.sh

#!/bin/bash

set -e

eval "$(jq -r '@sh "PROJECT=\(.project) REGION=\(.region)"')"

while true
do
	URL=$(gcloud beta run services describe wohnung \
		--platform managed \
		--project $PROJECT \
		--region $REGION \
		--format json | jq --raw-output '.status.url // empty')

	if [ ! -z "$URL" ]
	then
		break
	fi
	sleep 5
done

echo "{\"url\": \"$URL\"}"

deployment_main.tf

variable "bucket" {
  description = "Google Cloud Storage bucket name"
}
variable "project" {
  description = "Google Cloud project ID"
}
variable "region" {
  description = "Google Cloud region"
}
variable "cloud_source_repository" {
  description = "Google Cloud Source repository name"
}
variable "zone" {
  description = "Google Cloud zone, part of the provided region"
}
variable "crontab_schedule" {
  description = "Crontab schedule for running scrapers"
}

locals {
  container_tag = "gcr.io/${var.project}/wohnung:latest"
}

provider "google" {
  credentials = "${file("credentials.json")}"
  project     = "${var.project}"
  region      = "${var.region}"
  zone        = "${var.zone}"
}

resource "google_storage_bucket" "items" {
  name     = "${var.bucket}"
  location = "US"
}

resource "google_app_engine_application" "app" {
  project     = "${var.project}"
  location_id = "${var.region}"
}

resource "google_cloud_scheduler_job" "job" {
  name        = "run-scrapers"
  description = "Trigger scrapers"
  schedule    = "${var.crontab_schedule}"
  time_zone   = "Etc/UTC"

  http_target {
    http_method = "POST"
    uri         = "${data.external.google_cloud_run_service.result.url}/"
  }

  depends_on = ["google_app_engine_application.app"]
}

resource "google_cloudbuild_trigger" "default" {
  trigger_template {
    branch_name = "master"
    repo_name   = "${var.cloud_source_repository}"
  }

  substitutions = {
    _BUCKET = "${var.bucket}"
  }

  build {
    images = ["${local.container_tag}"]
    step {
      name = "gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker"
      args = ["build", "-t", "${local.container_tag}", "."]
    }
    step {
      name = "gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker"
      args = ["push", "${local.container_tag}"]
    }
    step {
      name = "gcr.io/cloud-builders/gcloud"
      args = [
        "beta", "run", "deploy", "wohnung",
        "--region", "${var.region}",
        "--image", "${local.container_tag}",
        "--update-env-vars", "GCLOUD_BUCKET=$${_BUCKET}",
        "--memory", "1Gi",
        "--timeout", "10m",
        "--platform", "managed",
        "--allow-unauthenticated",
      ]
    }
  }

  provisioner "local-exec" {
    command = "bash trigger_build.sh"
  }
}

data "external" "google_cloud_run_service" {
  depends_on = ["google_cloudbuild_trigger.default"]

  program = ["bash", "get_service_url.sh"]

  query = {
    project = "${var.project}"
    region  = "${var.region}"
  }
}

deployment_terraform.tfvars

bucket = "realestate-berlin-254211-items"
cloud_source_repository = "github_irio_wohnung"
crontab_schedule = "44 8 * * *"
project = "realestate-berlin-254211"
region = "us-east1"
zone = "us-east1-b"

deployment_trigger_build.sh

#!/bin/bash

set -e

TRIGGER_ID=$(gcloud alpha builds triggers list \
	--filter='triggerTemplate.repoName:github_irio_wohnung' \
	--format json | jq --raw-output '.[0].id')

gcloud alpha builds triggers run $TRIGGER_ID \
	--branch master > /dev/null

Dockerfile

FROM golang:1.12 as build

WORKDIR $GOPATH/src/github.com/Irio/wohnung
COPY scraper scraper
COPY main.go .

RUN go get -d -v ./...
RUN go install

FROM gcr.io/distroless/base

COPY --from=build /go/bin/wohnung /
CMD ["/wohnung"]

main.go

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"os"

	scraper "github.com/Irio/wohnung/scraper"
)

func main() {
	http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		err := r.ParseForm()
		if err != nil {
			log.Println(err)
		}
		if r.Method == http.MethodPost {
			fmt.Fprintln(w, scraper.Run(r.Form))
		}
	})
	port := os.Getenv("PORT")
	if port == "" {
		port = "8080"
	}
	log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":"+port, nil))
}

scraper_ebay_kleinanzeigen.go

package cloudrun

import (
	"time"

	"github.com/gocolly/colly"
)

type EBayKleinanzeigen struct{}

func (EBayKleinanzeigen) parseItem(e *colly.XMLElement) Item {
	selector := "//*[contains(@class, 'ad-listitem')]//*[contains(@class, 'aditem-main')]//a"
	title := e.ChildText(selector)
	url := e.ChildAttr(selector, "href")
	locationNodes := e.ChildTexts("//*[contains(@class, 'aditem-details')]//text()")
	var location string
	if len(locationNodes) > 8 {
		location = locationNodes[6] + " " + locationNodes[8]
	}
	priceString := e.ChildText("//*[contains(@class, 'aditem-details')]//strong")
	price, _ := parsePrice(priceString)
	spaceString := e.ChildText("//*[contains(@class, 'text-module-end')]//*[contains(text(), 'm²')]")
	livingSpace, _ := parseSpace(spaceString)
	roomsString := e.ChildText("//*[contains(@class, 'text-module-end')]//*[contains(text(), 'Zimmer')]")
	rooms, _ := parseFloat(roomsString, " Zimmer")

	return Item{
		title:            title,
		location:         location,
		hasExactLocation: false,
		price:            price,
		livingSpace:      livingSpace,
		rooms:            rooms,
		url:              e.Request.AbsoluteURL(url),
		scrapedAt:        time.Now().UTC(),
	}
}

func (platform EBayKleinanzeigen) NewCollector(config Config) *colly.Collector {
	options := append(
		config.collectorOptions,
		colly.AllowedDomains("www.ebay-kleinanzeigen.de"))
	return colly.NewCollector(options...)
}

func (platform EBayKleinanzeigen) crawl(config Config, exporter Exporter) *colly.Collector {
	c := platform.NewCollector(config)

	c.OnXML("//*[contains(@class, 'ad-listitem')]", func(e *colly.XMLElement) {
		item := platform.parseItem(e)
		exporter.write(item)
	})

	c.OnXML("//a[contains(@class, 'pagination-next')]", func(e *colly.XMLElement) {
		url := e.Request.AbsoluteURL(e.Attr("href"))
		c.Visit(url)
	})

	c.Visit("https://www.ebay-kleinanzeigen.de/s-wohnung-mieten/berlin/c203l3331")
	return c
}

scraper_exporters.go

package cloudrun

import (
	"encoding/csv"
	"log"
	"os"
	"path"
	"reflect"

	"github.com/gocolly/colly"
)

type Exporter interface {
	write(record Item) error
}

type CSVExporter struct {
	writer   *csv.Writer
	fileName string
}

func (exp CSVExporter) write(record Item) error {
	return exp.writer.Write(record.csvRow())
}

func (CSVExporter) fields() []string {
	val := reflect.ValueOf(&Item{}).Elem()
	names := make([]string, val.NumField())
	for i := 0; i < val.NumField(); i++ {
		names[i] = val.Type().Field(i).Name
	}
	return names
}

func (exp CSVExporter) run(config Config, fn func(Config, Exporter) *colly.Collector) {
	os.MkdirAll(path.Dir(exp.fileName), 755)
	file, err := os.Create(exp.fileName)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Cannot create file %q: %s\n", exp.fileName, err)
		return
	}
	defer file.Close()
	exp.writer = csv.NewWriter(file)
	defer exp.writer.Flush()
	exp.writer.Write(exp.fields())

	collector := fn(config, exp)
	log.Printf("Scraping finished, check file %q for results\n", exp.fileName)
	log.Println(collector)
}

scraper_main.go

package cloudrun

import (
	"log"
	"net/url"
	"os"
	"path"
	"reflect"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/gocolly/colly"
)

type Platform interface {
	crawl(config Config, writer Exporter) *colly.Collector
}

type Item struct {
	title            string
	location         string
	hasExactLocation bool
	price            int
	livingSpace      float64
	rooms            float64
	url              string
	scrapedAt        time.Time
}

type Config struct {
	dataDir          string
	platforms        []Platform
	storage          Storage
	collectorOptions []colly.CollectorOption
}

func (record Item) csvRow() []string {
	return []string{
		record.title,
		record.location,
		strconv.FormatBool(record.hasExactLocation),
		strconv.Itoa(record.price),
		strconv.FormatFloat(record.livingSpace, 'f', -1, 64),
		strconv.FormatFloat(record.rooms, 'f', -1, 64),
		record.url,
		record.scrapedAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
	}
}

func readConfig(params url.Values) Config {
	available := map[string]Platform{
		"ebay_kleinanzeigen": EBayKleinanzeigen{},
		"immobilien_scout":   ImmobilienScout{},
		"immowelt":           Immowelt{},
		"nestpick":           Nestpick{},
	}

	platforms := make([]Platform, 0)
	for name := range available {
		platforms = append(platforms, available[name])
	}

	cache := params.Get("cache") == "1"
	var collectorOptions []colly.CollectorOption
	if cache {
		collectorOptions = append(collectorOptions, colly.CacheDir("cache"))
	}
	platform := params.Get("platform")
	if platform != "" {
		platforms = []Platform{available[platform]}
	}

	bucket, isDefined := os.LookupEnv("GCLOUD_BUCKET")
	if !isDefined {
		log.Fatalln("GCLOUD_BUCKET must be defined")
	}
	date := time.Now().UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)
	storage := GCloudStorage{
		bucket:          bucket,
		destinationPath: date + "/",
	}

	return Config{
		dataDir:          "/tmp/wohnung",
		platforms:        platforms,
		storage:          storage,
		collectorOptions: collectorOptions,
	}
}

func Run(params url.Values) string {
	config := readConfig(params)
	for _, platform := range config.platforms {
		fileName := strings.Split(reflect.TypeOf(platform).String(), ".")[1]
		fileName = path.Join(config.dataDir, fileName+".csv")
		exporter := CSVExporter{fileName: fileName}
		exporter.run(config, platform.crawl)
		config.storage.write(fileName)
	}

	return "it works"
}

scraper_parsing_util.go

package cloudrun

import (
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

func parsePrice(valueStr string) (int, error) {
	value, err := parseFloat(valueStr, " €")
	return int(value * 100), err
}

func parseSpace(value string) (float64, error) {
	return parseFloat(value, " m²")
}

func parseFloat(valueStr string, unit string) (float64, error) {
	replacer := strings.NewReplacer(",", ".", ".", "", unit, "")
	return strconv.ParseFloat(replacer.Replace(valueStr), 64)
}

scraper_storages.go

package cloudrun

import (
	"context"
	"io"
	"log"
	"os"
	"path"
	"path/filepath"

	cloud_storage "cloud.google.com/go/storage"
)

type Storage interface {
	write(filePath string)
}

type GCloudStorage struct {
	bucket          string
	destinationPath string
}

func (storage GCloudStorage) write(source string) {
	var r io.Reader
	f, err := os.Open(source)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	defer f.Close()
	r = f

	ctx := context.Background()
	if err = storage.upload(ctx, r, source); err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
}

func (storage GCloudStorage) upload(ctx context.Context, r io.Reader, source string) error {
	client, err := cloud_storage.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	bh := client.Bucket(storage.bucket)
	name := path.Join(storage.destinationPath, filepath.Base(source))
	obj := bh.Object(name)
	w := obj.NewWriter(ctx)
	if _, err := io.Copy(w, r); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if err := w.Close(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return nil
}