Ethereum_Engineering_Reference.txt

The only purpose of RLP is to encode structure; 
Encoding specific atomic data types (eg. strings, ints, floats) is left up to higher-order protocols 
In Ethereum integers must be represented in big endian binary form with no leading zeroes
Thus making the integer value zero be equivalent to the empty byte array
https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/questions/30518/does-rlp-specify-integer-encoding?rq=1

Shared Nibble in the Extension Node
https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/questions/31920/what-is-the-shared-nibble-of-this-extension-node

Ethereum Compact Merkle Trie
Tries are an intuitive means of encoding associative data in a tree structure. 
Unlike, say, a hash table, a trie structurally represents its keys.
It enables the efficient retrieval of all suffixes, given a partial key.
https://nervous.io/clojure/crypto/2018/04/04/clojure-evm-iii/

Solution to the Selfish Mining Attack Problems : https://blog.ethereum.org/2014/01/15/slasher-a-punitive-proof-of-stake-algorithm/