generate ed25519 ssh and gpg/pgp keys and set file permissions for ssh keys and config

01-generate-ed25519-ssh-key.sh

#!/bin/bash

# generate new personal ed25519 ssh keys
ssh-keygen -o -a 100 -t ed25519 -f ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 -C "rob thijssen <[email protected]>"
ssh-keygen -o -a 100 -t ed25519 -f ~/.ssh/id_robtn -C "rob thijssen <[email protected]>"

# generate new host cert authority (host_ca) ed25519 ssh key
# used for signing host keys and creating host certs
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -f manta_host_ca -C manta.network

eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_ed25519

# set local file permissions
chmod 700 ~/.ssh
chmod 644 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
chmod 644 ~/.ssh/known_hosts
chmod 644 ~/.ssh/config
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
chmod 644 ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/id_robtn
chmod 644 ~/.ssh/id_robtn.pub

# add key(s) to git/github
git config --global core.sshCommand "ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_robtn -F /dev/null"
# sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo https://cli.github.com/packages/rpm/gh-cli.repo
# sudo dnf install gh
gh ssh-key add ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
gh ssh-key add ~/.ssh/id_robtn.pub

02-backup-gpg-key.sh

#!/bin/bash

# usage
# $ curl -sL https://gist.github.com/grenade/6318301/raw/02-backup-gpg-key.sh?$(uuidgen) | bash

backup_dir=${HOME}/key-backup

# backup old gpg key
key_name="Rob Thijssen (https://grenade.github.io) <[email protected]>"
key_fingerprint=$(if [[ $(gpg --list-keys "${key_name}") =~ ([A-F0-9]{40}) ]]; then echo ${BASH_REMATCH[1]}; fi)
if [ -n "${key_fingerprint}" ]; then
  timestamp=$(date -u --iso-8601)
  mkdir -p ${backup_dir}/${timestamp}/${key_fingerprint}
  gpg --export --armor ${key_fingerprint} > ${backup_dir}/${timestamp}/${key_fingerprint}/public.asc
  gpg --export-secret-keys --armor ${key_fingerprint} > ${backup_dir}/${timestamp}/${key_fingerprint}/private.asc
  gpg --export-secret-subkeys --armor ${key_fingerprint} > ${backup_dir}/${timestamp}/${key_fingerprint}/subkeys.private.asc
  gpg --export-ownertrust > ${backup_dir}/${timestamp}/${key_fingerprint}/ownertrust.txt
  tar -C ~/ -zcvf ${backup_dir}/${timestamp}/${key_fingerprint}/.gnupg.tar.gz .gnupg
fi

03-generate-ed25519-gpg-key.sh

#!/bin/bash

# references:
# - https://blog.josefsson.org/tag/ed25519/
# - https://www.gnupg.org/documentation/manuals/gnupg/OpenPGP-Key-Management.html

# use a new and unique key name.
# it will be necessary to have both old and new keys while transitioning.
# eg: for password-store re-encryption.
old_key_name="Rob Thijssen (https://grenade.github.io) <[email protected]>"
new_key_name="rob thijssen <[email protected]>"

# generate ed25519 master key with no expiration
gpg --quick-generate-key "${new_key_name}" ed25519 sign 0

old_key_fingerprint=$(if [[ $(gpg --list-keys "${old_key_name}") =~ ([A-F0-9]{40}) ]]; then echo ${BASH_REMATCH[1]}; fi)
new_key_fingerprint=$(if [[ $(gpg --list-keys "${new_key_name}") =~ ([A-F0-9]{40}) ]]; then echo ${BASH_REMATCH[1]}; fi)

if [ -n "${new_key_fingerprint}" ]; then
  # generate elyptic curve encryption sub-key with no expiration
  gpg --quick-add-key ${new_key_fingerprint} cv25519 encr 0

  # generate ed25519 authentication sub-key with no expiration
  gpg --quick-add-key ${new_key_fingerprint} ed25519 auth 0

  # generate ed25519 signing sub-key with no expiration
  gpg --quick-add-key ${new_key_fingerprint} ed25519 sign 0
  
  # sign the new key with the old key
  gpg --default-key ${old_key_fingerprint} --sign-key ${new_key_fingerprint}
  # optionally sign the old key with the new key
  # gpg --default-key ${new_key_fingerprint} --sign-key ${old_key_fingerprint}
  
  # wip. don't use this.
  # touch transition-statement.md
  # gpg --digest-algo SHA512 --default-key ${new_key_fingerprint} --clearsign transition-statement.md
  
  # tell git about signing key
  # https://docs.github.com/en/github/authenticating-to-github/telling-git-about-your-signing-key
  new_signing_key_id=$(if [[ $(gpg --list-secret-keys --keyid-format LONG ${new_key_fingerprint}) =~ ed25519/([A-F0-9]{16})[[:space:]]202[1-9]-[01][0-9]-[0-3][0-9][[:space:]]\[S\] ]]; then echo ${BASH_REMATCH[1]}; fi)
  git config --global user.signingkey ${new_signing_key_id}
fi

notes.md

update ~/.gitconfig

[user]
  ...
  signingkey = <signing key from `gpg --list-secret-keys --keyid-format LONG` goes here)
  ...

update password-store (re-encrypt everything)

cd ~/.password-store
pass init $new_key_fingerprint $old_key_fingerprint

z-deprecated-rsa-generate-ssh-key.sh

ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -N '' -C "[email protected]" -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -N '' -C "[email protected]" -f ~/.ssh/github_rsa
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -N '' -C "[email protected]" -f ~/.ssh/mozilla_rsa

z-deprecated-rsa-ssh-key-add.sh

eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa
ssh-add ~/.ssh/github_rsa
ssh-add ~/.ssh/mozilla_rsa

z-deprecated-ssh-key-permissions.sh

chmod 700 ~/.ssh
chmod 644 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
chmod 644 ~/.ssh/known_hosts
chmod 644 ~/.ssh/config
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/id_rsa
chmod 644 ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/github_rsa
chmod 644 ~/.ssh/github_rsa.pub
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/mozilla_rsa
chmod 644 ~/.ssh/mozilla_rsa.pub

Got the gist of it 👍

Bravo, nice gist!

I think maybe add this
chmod 700 /home/$USER

I met a lot of users, type command like this
chmod -R 777 /home/$USER

Thanks, this helped!

Surely you must have meant? 😉

chmod 700 ~/.ssh
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/*
chmod 644 -f ~/.ssh/*.pub ~/.ssh/authorized_keys ~/.ssh/known_hosts

thanks

Thank you ,this helps me!

A great time saver on every new env setup I have

OMG after a weekend trying to work this out, you're a lifesaver @grenade!! I was holding my breath but hey, flawless code. Cheers!

Don't forget the home directory!

755 for the home directory /home/USER ? Y or N ?

For .SSH Folder :

cd ~/
sudo chmod -R 700 .ssh/
sudo chown -R user:user .ssh/

For .SSH Files

cd ~/.ssh/
sudo find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} ;
sudo chmod -R 600 *.priv
sudo chmod -R 600 *.config

chmod 644 ~/.ssh/config seems to be incorrect according to http://linuxcommand.org/lc3_man_pages/ssh1.html which says:

Because of the potential for abuse,
this file must have strict
permissions: read/write for the
user, and not accessible by others.

That should be chmod 600 ~/.ssh/config instead

Thanks!

Thanks a lot

Thanks :)

consider to add this

chmod g-w,o-w /home/$USER
or 
chmod g-w,o-w ~/

This is a great trick, always going back here to remember and to fix ssh permissions;

Thank you ✌️

Thank you so much for this gist man, amazing.

Thanks for those simple but important commands. It saved me from craziness :)

@ajorpheus

chmod 644 ~/.ssh/config seems to be incorrect according to http://linuxcommand.org/lc3_man_pages/ssh1.html which says:

Because of the potential for abuse,
this file must have strict
permissions: read/write for the
user, and not accessible by others.

That should be chmod 600 ~/.ssh/config instead

Beware that the man pages will vary from one version to another. For example, the man page on Ubuntu Bionic says:

 ~/.ssh/config
        This is the per-user configuration file.  The file format and configuration options
        are described in ssh_config(5).  Because of the potential for abuse, this file must
        have strict permissions: read/write for the user, and not writable by others.  It may
        be group-writable provided that the group in question contains only the user.

Which would mean either chmod 644 ~/.ssh/config or chmod 664 ~/.ssh/config if the file group contains only your user.

Overall, safer is better and you should lock the files down as much as possible for your environment.

Works like a charm. Thanks dude!

You saved my day, thanks a lot! xD

Thank you very much for sharing this information :D