[seo] concept

# base
search engine ex. google, bing, baidu, ...
seo (search engine optimization)
seo is known as improving website ranking // website ranking => traffic => money
search algorithm is different from each search engine
seo is built on rules and strategies
tdk (title, description, keyword)
  <title>Ho.Chun's Blog</title>
  <meta name="description" content="xxx">
  <meta name="keywords" content="yyy">
serp (search engine results page)

--------     -----------------     -----------------
| user |  -  | search engine |  -  | website owner |
--------     -----------------     -----------------

IMPORTANT: crawler (爬蟲, 蜘蛛)
crawler impersonates a real user
the following is done before we search content by keywords
step1. search engine uses its crawler to crawl the website pages // exclude the authorized pages
step2. search engine stores the website pages and gives them points by search algorithm

CONCLUSION:
seo is to find some ways to optimize our website according to the rules of search engine's crawler and search algorithm
(seo 就是根據搜索引擎的爬蟲和搜索算法的規則，想辦法優化我們的網站)

# rules and strategies (against search algorithm)
- url structure
- page structure
- inner link // ex. anchor
- outer link // ex. place ourself in other website
- first impression // modification for all at once
- responding speed

NOTE: url structure
- * keep short, simple, logical, easy to remember, and convey meaning with the words used*
- * use https protocol *
- * hide the www prefix *
- make urls to be relevant between pages
- use meaningful keywords
- use hyphens to separate words
- eliminate stop words
- use lowercase letters
- redirect old urls
- remove dates from blog posts
- spell out numbers (sometimes)
=> ref: https://www.designpowers.com/blog/url-best-practices
=> ref: https://www.seoseo.com.tw/article_detail_609.html

Q: dynamic page vs. static page
if the page content provided by database, this page is called the dynamic page
if the page content provided by an exist file, this page is called the static page

Q: dynamic url vs. static url
if the url is with query string, this url is called the dynamic url
if the url isn't with query string, this url is called the static url

Q: different urls cause duplicate content
- case1
https://hochun836.com/shoes?color=black
https://hochun836.com/shoes/black
solution: <link ref="canonical" href="https://hochun836.com/shoes">
- case2
https://hochun836.com
https://hochun836.com/index.html
https://www.hochun836.com
http://hochun836.com
solution: status code 301
=> ref: https://www.seoseo.com.tw/article_detail_598.html

Q: (google search engine) dynamic url vs. static url
=> ref: https://developers.google.com/search/blog/2008/09/dynamic-urls-vs-static-urls

Q: (google search engine) trailing slash vs. no trailing slash
=> ref: https://developers.google.com/search/blog/2010/04/to-slash-or-not-to-slash

NOTE: page structure
- <h1>, <h2>, <h3>, ...
- <img> tag with alt & title attribute
- good use of html tags
- multi links in the page // this can increase the alive time of crawler

# data analytics
- amount of presentation (呈現量)
- amount of click (點擊量) // click rate (點擊率) = amount of presentation / amount of click
- amount of view (訪問量)
- dwell time (停留時間) // bounce rate (跳出率)

# [note] how to observe the crawler coming to our website
log

# [note] what is canonical
TODO
<link ref="canonical" href="https://hochun836.com/shoes">

# [note] what is nofollow
TODO
<a href="http://www.example.com/" rel="nofollow">Hello World</a>
=> ref: https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Nofollow

# [note] what is robots.txt
TODO
=> ref: https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Robots.txt

# [note] which topic is useful
suggested searches
// suggested searches which are provided from search engine
// suggested searches are displayed when entering a keyword to search engine

# [note] priced ranking vs. seo ranking
mutualism

# [note] search engine: google
Googlebot
- Googlebot Desktop
- Googlebot Mobile
Google PageRank
Google Search Console
Google Trend

# [note] tools
- PageSpeed Insights (https://pagespeed.web.dev/)
- Lighthouse (https://web.dev/measure/) // or in devtools
- Screaming Frog SEO Spider (https://www.screamingfrog.co.uk/seo-spider/)

# [note] learn
=> ref: https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1fE411J7ya
=> ref: https://www.seoseo.com.tw/blog/seo-guide/
=> ref: https://www.seoforum.com/