MOVED TO A REPO - https://github.com/howmanysmall/FastBitBuffer. My BitBuffer module versus other BitBuffers. Mine is the FastBitBuffer one below. CC0 license.

FastBitBuffer.lua

 --[[

==========================================================================
==									API								 ==

Differences from the original:
	Using metatables instead of a function returning a table.
	Added Vector3, Color3, Vector2, and UDim2 support.
	Deprecated BrickColors.
	Changed the creation method from BitBuffer.Create to BitBuffer.new.
	OPTIMIZED!
	Added a ::Destroy method.

Constructor: BitBuffer.new()

Read/Write pairs for reading data from or writing data to the BitBuffer:
	BitBuffer::WriteUnsigned(BitWidth: number, Value: number): void
	BitBuffer::ReadUnsigned(BitWidth: number): number
		Read / Write an unsigned value with a given number of bits. The
		value must be a positive integer. For instance, if BitWidth is
		4, then there will be 4 magnitude bits, for a value in the
		range [0, 2 ^ 4 - 1] = [0, 15]

	BitBuffer::WriteSigned(BitWidth: number, Value: number): void
	BitBuffer::ReadSigned(BitWidth: number): number
		Read / Write a a signed value with a given number of bits. For
		instance, if BitWidth is 4 then there will be 1 sign bit and
		3 magnitude bits, a value in the range [-2 ^ 3 + 1, 2 ^ 3 - 1] = [-7, 7]

	BitBuffer:WriteFloat(MantissaBitWidth: number, ExponentBitWidth: number, Value: number): void
	BitBuffer:ReadFloat(MantissaBitWidth, ExponentBitWidth): number
		Read / Write a floating point number with a given mantissa and
		exponent size in bits.

	BitBuffer::WriteFloat8(Float: number): void
	BitBuffer::ReadFloat8(): number

	BitBuffer::WriteFloat16(Float: number): void
	BitBuffer::ReadFloat16(): number

	BitBuffer::WriteFloat32(Float: number): void
	BitBuffer::ReadFloat32(): number

	BitBuffer::WriteFloat64(Float: number): void
	BitBuffer::ReadFloat64(): number
		Read and write the common types of floating point number that
		are used in code. If you want to 100% accurately save an
		arbitrary Lua number, then you should use the Float64 format. If
		your number is known to be smaller, or you want to save space
		and don't need super high precision, then a Float32 will often
		suffice. For instance, the Transparency of an object will do
		just fine as a Float32.

	BitBuffer::WriteBool(Boolean: boolean): void
	BitBuffer::ReadBool(): boolean
		Read / Write a boolean (true / false) value. Takes one bit worth of space to store.

	BitBuffer::WriteString(String: string): void
	BitBuffer::ReadString(): string
		Read / Write a variable length string. The string may contain embedded nulls.
		Only 7 bits / character will be used if the string contains no non-printable characters (greater than 0x80).

	****** PLEASE DON'T USE THIS. USE ::WRITECOLOR3 INSTEAD. ******
	BitBuffer::WriteBrickColor(Color: BrickColor): void
	BitBuffer::ReadBrickColor(): BrickColor
		Read / Write a Roblox BrickColor. Provided as an example of reading / writing a derived data type.
		Please don't actually use this, just use ::WriteColor3 instead.

	BitBuffer::WriteColor3(Color: Color3): void
	BitBuffer::ReadColor3(): Color3
		Read / Write a Roblox Color3. Use this over the BrickColor methods, PLEASE.

	BitBuffer::WriteRotation(CoordinateFrame: CFrame): void
	BitBuffer::ReadRotation(): CFrame
		Read / Write the rotation part of a given CFrame. Encodes the
		rotation in question into 64bits, which is a good size to get
		a pretty dense packing, but still while having errors well within
		the threshold that Roblox uses for stuff like MakeJoints()
		detecting adjacency. Will also perfectly reproduce rotations which
		are orthagonally aligned, or inverse-power-of-two rotated on only
		a single axix. For other rotations, the results may not be
		perfectly stable through read-write cycles (if you read/write an
		arbitrary rotation thousands of times there may be detectable
		"drift")

	BitBuffer::WriteVector3(Vector: Vector3): void
	BitBuffer::ReadVector3(): Vector3
	BitBuffer::WriteVector3Float32(Vector: Vector3): void
	BitBuffer::ReadVector3Float32(): Vector3
		Read / write a Vector3. Encodes the vector using 32-bit precision.
		For more precision, use BitBuffer::WriteVector3Float64 instead.

	BitBuffer::WriteVector3Float64(Vector: Vector3): void
	BitBuffer::ReadVector3Float64(): Vector3
		Read / write a Vector3. Encodes the vector using 64-bit precision.
		For less precision, use BitBuffer::WriteVector3 instead.

	BitBuffer::WriteVector2(Vector: Vector2): void
	BitBuffer::ReadVector2(): Vector2
	BitBuffer::WriteVector2Float32(Vector: Vector2): void
	BitBuffer::ReadVector2Float32(): Vector2
		Read / write a Vector2. Encodes the vector using 32-bit precision.
		For more precision, use BitBuffer::WriteVector2Float64 instead.

	BitBuffer::WriteVector2Float64(Vector: Vector2): void
	BitBuffer::ReadVector2Float64(): Vector2
		Read / write a Vector2. Encodes the vector using 64-bit precision.
		For less precision, use BitBuffer::WriteVector2Float32 instead.

	BitBuffer::WriteCFrame(CoordinateFrame: CFrame): void
	BitBuffer::ReadCFrame(): CFrame
		Read / write the whole CFrame. This will call both ::WriteVector3Float64 and ::WriteRotation
		to save the entire CFrame, and encodes it using 64-bit precision.

	BitBuffer::WriteUDim2(Value: UDim2): void
	BitBuffer::ReadUDim2(): UDim2
		Read / write a UDim2. Encodes the value using 32-bit precision.

From/To pairs for dumping out the BitBuffer to another format:
	BitBuffer::ToString(): string
	BitBuffer::FromString(String: string): void
		Will replace / dump out the contents of the buffer to / from
		a binary chunk encoded as a Lua string. This string is NOT
		suitable for storage in the Roblox DataStores, as they do
		not handle non-printable characters well.

	BitBuffer::ToBase64(): string
	BitBuffer::FromBase64(String: string): void
		Will replace / dump out the contents of the buffer to / from
		a set of Base64 encoded data, as a Lua string. This string
		only consists of Base64 printable characters, so it is
		ideal for storage in Roblox DataStores.

	BitBuffer::ToBase128(): string
	BitBuffer::FromBase128(String: string): void
		Defaultio added this function. 128 characters can all be written
		to DataStores, so this function packs more tightly than saving
		in only 64 bit strings. Full disclosure: I have no idea what I'm
		doing but I think this is useful.

Buffer / Position Manipulation
	BitBuffer::ResetPointer(): void
		Will Reset the point in the buffer that is being read / written
		to back to the start of the buffer.

	BitBuffer::Reset(): void
		Will reset the buffer to a clean state, with no contents.

Example Usage:
	local function SaveToBuffer(buffer, userData)
		buffer:WriteString(userData.HeroName)
		buffer:WriteUnsigned(14, userData.Score) --> 14 bits -> [0, 2^14-1] -> [0, 16383]
		buffer:WriteBool(userData.HasDoneSomething)
		buffer:WriteUnsigned(10, #userData.ItemList) --> [0, 1023]
		for _, itemInfo in pairs(userData.ItemList) do
			buffer:WriteString(itemInfo.Identifier)
			buffer:WriteUnsigned(10, itemInfo.Count) --> [0, 1023]
		end
	end
	local function LoadFromBuffer(buffer, userData)
		userData.HeroName = buffer:ReadString()
		userData.Score = buffer:ReadUnsigned(14)
		userData.HasDoneSomething = buffer:ReadBool()
		local itemCount = buffer:ReadUnsigned(10)
		for i = 1, itemCount do
			local itemInfo = {}
			itemInfo.Identifier = buffer:ReadString()
			itemInfo.Count = buffer:ReadUnsigned(10)
			table.insert(userData.ItemList, itemInfo)
		end
	end
	--...
	local buff = BitBuffer.new()
	SaveToBuffer(buff, someUserData)
	myDataStore:SetAsync(somePlayer.userId, buff:ToBase64())
	--...
	local data = myDataStore:GetAsync(somePlayer.userId)
	local buff = BitBuffer.new()
	buff:FromBase64(data)
	LoadFromBuffer(buff, someUserData)
--]]

-- This is quite possibly the fastest BitBuffer module.

local BitBuffer = {
	ClassName = "BitBuffer";
	__tostring = function(self) return self.ClassName end;
}

BitBuffer.__index = BitBuffer

local CHAR_0X10 = string.char(0x10)
local LOG_10_OF_2 = math.log10(2)

local NumberToBase64, Base64ToNumber = {}, {} do
	local CHARACTERS = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/"
	for Index = 1, #CHARACTERS do
		local Character = string.sub(CHARACTERS, Index, Index)
		NumberToBase64[Index - 1] = Character
		Base64ToNumber[Character] = Index - 1
	end
end

local NumberToBase128, Base128ToNumber = {}, {} do -- edit
	local CHARACTERS = ""
	for Index = 0, 127 do CHARACTERS = CHARACTERS .. string.char(Index) end

	for Index = 1, #CHARACTERS do
		local Character = string.sub(CHARACTERS, Index, Index)
		NumberToBase128[Index - 1] = Character
		Base128ToNumber[Character] = Index - 1
	end
end --/edit

local PowerOfTwo = setmetatable({}, {
	__index = function(self, Index)
		local Value = 2 ^ Index
		self[Index] = Value
		return Value
	end;
})

for Index = 0, 128 do local _ = PowerOfTwo[Index] end

local BrickColorToNumber, NumberToBrickColor = {}, {} do
	for Index = 0, 63 do
		local Color = BrickColor.palette(Index)
		BrickColorToNumber[Color.Number] = Index
		NumberToBrickColor[Index] = Color
	end
end

local DIGITS = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"

local function ToBase(Number, Base)
	Number = Number - Number % 1
	if not Base or Base == 10 then return tostring(Number) end

	local Array = {}
	local Sign = ""
	if Number < 0 then
		Sign = "-"
		Number = 0 - Number
	end

	repeat
		local Index = (Number % Base) + 1
		Number = Number / Base
		Number = Number - Number % 1
		table.insert(Array, 1, string.sub(DIGITS, Index, Index))
	until Number == 0

	return Sign .. table.concat(Array)
end

function BitBuffer.new()
	return setmetatable({
		BitPointer = 0;
		mBitBuffer = {};
	}, BitBuffer)
end

function BitBuffer:ResetPointer()
	self.BitPointer = 0
end

function BitBuffer:Reset()
	self.mBitBuffer, self.BitPointer = {}, 0
end

function BitBuffer:FromString(String)
	if type(String) ~= "string" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::FromString (string expected, instead got %s)", typeof(String)), 1)
	end

	self.mBitBuffer, self.BitPointer = {}, 0

	for Index = 1, #String do
		local ByteCharacter = string.byte(string.sub(String, Index, Index))
		for _ = 1, 8 do
			self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
			self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = ByteCharacter % 2
			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter / 2
			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter - ByteCharacter % 1
		end
	end

--	for Character in string.gmatch(String, ".") do
--		local ByteCharacter = string.byte(Character)
--		for _ = 1, 8 do
--			self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
--			self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = ByteCharacter % 2
--			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter / 2
--			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter - ByteCharacter % 1
--		end
--	end

	self.BitPointer = 0
end

function BitBuffer:ToString()
	local String = ""
	local Accumulator = 0
	local Power = 0

	for Index = 1, math.ceil(#self.mBitBuffer / 8) * 8 do
		Accumulator = Accumulator + PowerOfTwo[Power] * (self.mBitBuffer[Index] or 0)
		Power = Power + 1
		if Power >= 8 then
			String = String .. string.char(Accumulator)
			Accumulator = 0
			Power = 0
		end
	end

	return String
end

-- Read / Write to base64
function BitBuffer:FromBase64(String)
	if type(String) ~= "string" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::FromBase64 (string expected, instead got %s)", typeof(String)), 1)
	end

	self.mBitBuffer, self.BitPointer = {}, 0

	for Index = 1, #String do
		local Character = string.sub(String, Index, Index)
		local ByteCharacter = Base64ToNumber[Character]
		if not ByteCharacter then error("Bad character: 0x" .. ToBase(string.byte(Character), 16), 1) end

		for _ = 1, 6 do
			self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
			self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = ByteCharacter % 2
			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter / 2
			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter - ByteCharacter % 1
		end

		if ByteCharacter ~= 0 then
			error("Character value 0x" .. ToBase(Base64ToNumber[Character], 16) .. " too large", 1)
		end
	end

--	for Character in string.gmatch(String, ".") do
--		local ByteCharacter = Base64ToNumber[Character]
--		if not ByteCharacter then error("Bad character: 0x" .. ToBase(string.byte(Character), 16), 1) end
--
--		for _ = 1, 6 do
--			self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
--			self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = ByteCharacter % 2
--			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter / 2
--			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter - ByteCharacter % 1
--		end
--
--		if ByteCharacter ~= 0 then
--			error("Character value 0x" .. ToBase(Base64ToNumber[Character], 16) .. " too large", 1)
--		end
--	end

	self.BitPointer = 0
end

function BitBuffer:ToBase64()
	local Array = {}
	local Length = 0
	local Accumulator = 0
	local Power = 0

	local mBitBuffer = self.mBitBuffer

	for Index = 1, math.ceil(#mBitBuffer / 6) * 6 do
		Accumulator = Accumulator + PowerOfTwo[Power] * (mBitBuffer[Index] or 0)
		Power = Power + 1
		if Power >= 6 then
			Length = Length + 1
			Array[Length] = NumberToBase64[Accumulator]
			Accumulator = 0
			Power = 0
		end
	end

	return table.concat(Array)
end

-- Read / Write to base128 -- edit
function BitBuffer:FromBase128(String)
	if type(String) ~= "string" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::FromBase128 (string expected, instead got %s)", typeof(String)), 1)
	end

	self.mBitBuffer, self.BitPointer = {}, 0

	for Index = 1, #String do
		local Character = string.sub(String, Index, Index)
		local ByteCharacter = Base128ToNumber[Character]
		if not ByteCharacter then
			error("Bad character: 0x" .. ToBase(string.byte(Character), 16), 1)
		end

		for _ = 1, 7 do
			self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
			self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = ByteCharacter % 2
			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter / 2
			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter - ByteCharacter % 1
		end

		if ByteCharacter ~= 0 then
			error("Character value 0x" .. ToBase(Base128ToNumber[Character], 16) .. " too large", 1)
		end
	end

--	for Character in string.gmatch(String, ".") do
--		local ByteCharacter = Base128ToNumber[Character]
--		if not ByteCharacter then
--			error("Bad character: 0x" .. ToBase(string.byte(Character), 16), 1)
--		end
--
--		for _ = 1, 7 do
--			self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
--			self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = ByteCharacter % 2
--			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter / 2
--			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter - ByteCharacter % 1
--		end
--
--		if ByteCharacter ~= 0 then
--			error("Character value 0x" .. ToBase(Base128ToNumber[Character], 16) .. " too large", 1)
--		end
--	end

	self.BitPointer = 0
end

function BitBuffer:ToBase128()
	local Array = {}
	local Length = 0
	local Accumulator = 0
	local Power = 0
	local mBitBuffer = self.mBitBuffer

	for Index = 1, math.ceil(#mBitBuffer / 7) * 7 do
		Accumulator = Accumulator + PowerOfTwo[Power] * (mBitBuffer[Index] or 0)
		Power = Power + 1
		if Power >= 7 then
			Length = Length + 1
			Array[Length] = NumberToBase128[Accumulator]
			Accumulator = 0
			Power = 0
		end
	end

	return table.concat(Array)
end	-- /edit

-- Dump
function BitBuffer:Dump()
	local String = ""
	local String2 = ""
	local Accumulator = 0
	local Power = 0

	local mBitBuffer = self.mBitBuffer

	for Index = 1, math.ceil(#mBitBuffer / 8) * 8 do
		String2 = String2 .. (mBitBuffer[Index] or 0)
		Accumulator = Accumulator + PowerOfTwo[Power] * (mBitBuffer[Index] or 0)
		Power = Power + 1

		if Power >= 8 then
			String2 = String2 .. " "
			String = String .. "0x" .. ToBase(Accumulator, 16) .. " "
			Accumulator = 0
			Power = 0
		end
	end

	print("Bytes:", String)
	print("Bits:", String2)
end

function BitBuffer:_readBit()
	self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
	return self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer]
end

local function DetermineType(Value)
	local ActualType = typeof(Value)
	if ActualType == "number" then
		if Value % 1 == 0 then
			ActualType = Value < 0 and "negative integer" or "positive integer"
		else
			ActualType = Value < 0 and "negative number" or "positive number"
		end
	elseif ActualType == "table" then
		local Key = next(Value)
		if DetermineType(Key) == "positive integer" then
			ActualType = "array"
		else
			ActualType = "dictionary"
		end
	end

	return ActualType
end

function BitBuffer:WriteUnsigned(Width, Value)
	if not Width then
		error("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteUnsigned (missing Width)", 1)
	end

	if not (Value or type(Value) == "number" or Value >= 0 or Value % 1 == 0) then
		error(string.format("bad argument #2 in BitBuffer::WriteUnsigned (positive integer expected, instead got %s)", DetermineType(Value)), 1)
	end

	-- Store LSB first
	for _ = 1, Width do
		self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
		self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = Value % 2
		Value = Value / 2
		Value = Value - Value % 1
	end

	if Value ~= 0 then
		error("Value " .. tostring(Value) .. " has width greater than " .. Width .. " bits", 1)
	end
end

function BitBuffer:ReadUnsigned(Width)
	local Value = 0
	for Index = 1, Width do Value = Value + self:_readBit() * PowerOfTwo[Index - 1] end
	return Value
end

-- Read / Write a signed number
function BitBuffer:WriteSigned(Width, Value)
	if not (Width and Value) then error("bad arguments in BitBuffer::WriteSigned (missing values)", 1) end
	if Value % 1 ~= 0 then error("Non-integer value to BitBuffer::WriteSigned", 1) end

	-- Write sign
	if Value < 0 then
		self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
		self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = 1
		Value = 0 - Value
	else
		self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
		self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = 0
	end

	self:WriteUnsigned(Width - 1, Value)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadSigned(Width)
	self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
	return ((-1) ^ self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer]) * self:ReadUnsigned(Width - 1)
--	return ((-1) ^ self:_readBit()) * self:ReadUnsigned(Width - 1)
end

-- Read / Write a string. May contain embedded nulls (string.char(0))
function BitBuffer:WriteString(String)
	if type(String) ~= "string" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteString (string expected, instead got %s)", typeof(String)), 1)
	end

	-- First check if it's a 7 or 8 bit width of string
	local StringLength = #String
	local BitWidth = 7
	for Index = 1, StringLength do
		if string.byte(string.sub(String, Index, Index)) > 127 then
			BitWidth = 8
			break
		end
	end

--	for Character in string.gmatch(String, ".") do
--		if string.byte(Character) > 127 then
--			BitWidth = 8
--			break
--		end
--	end

	-- Write the bit width flag
	self:WriteUnsigned(1, BitWidth == 7 and 0 or 1) -- 1 for wide chars

	-- Now write out the string, terminated with "0x10, 0b0"
	-- 0x10 is encoded as "0x10, 0b1"
	for Index = 1, StringLength do
		local ByteCharacter = string.byte(string.sub(String, Index, Index))
		if ByteCharacter == 0x10 then
			self:WriteUnsigned(BitWidth, 0x10)
			self:WriteUnsigned(1, 1)
		else
			self:WriteUnsigned(BitWidth, ByteCharacter)
		end
	end

--	for Character in string.gmatch(String, ".") do
--		local ByteCharacter = string.byte(Character)
--		if ByteCharacter == 0x10 then
--			self:WriteUnsigned(BitWidth, 0x10)
--			self:WriteUnsigned(1, 1)
--		else
--			self:WriteUnsigned(BitWidth, ByteCharacter)
--		end
--	end

	-- Write terminator
	self:WriteUnsigned(BitWidth, 0x10)
	self:WriteUnsigned(1, 0)
end

--[[**
	Reads the BitBuffer for a string.
	@returns [String]
**--]]
function BitBuffer:ReadString()
	-- Get bit width
	local BitWidth = self:ReadUnsigned(1) == 1 and 8 or 7

	-- Loop
	local String = ""
	while true do
		local Character = self:ReadUnsigned(BitWidth)
		if Character == 0x10 then
			if self:ReadUnsigned(1) == 1 then
				String = String .. CHAR_0X10
			else
				break
			end
		else
			String = String .. string.char(Character)
		end
	end

	return String
end

--[[**
	Writes a boolean to the BitBuffer.
	@param [Boolean] Boolean The value you are writing to the BitBuffer.
**--]]
function BitBuffer:WriteBool(Boolean)
	if type(Boolean) ~= "boolean" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteBool (boolean expected, instead got %s)", typeof(Boolean)), 1)
	end

	self:WriteUnsigned(1, Boolean and 1 or 0)
end

--[[**
	Reads the BitBuffer for a boolean.
	@returns [Boolean]
**--]]
function BitBuffer:ReadBool()
	return self:ReadUnsigned(1) == 1
end

-- Read / Write a floating point number with |wfrac| fraction part
-- bits, |wexp| exponent part bits, and one sign bit.

--[[**
	Write a floating point number with |wfrac| fraction part to the BitBuffer.
	@param [Integer] wfrac The number of bits.
	@param [Integer] wexp
	@param [Number] f The float itself.
**--]]
function BitBuffer:WriteFloat(Fraction, WriteExponent, Float)
	if not (Fraction and WriteExponent and Float) then error("missing argument(s)", 1) end

	-- Sign
	local Sign = 1
	if Float < 0 then
		Float = 0 - Float
		Sign = -1
	end

	-- Decompose
	local Mantissa, Exponent = math.frexp(Float)
	if Exponent == 0 and Mantissa == 0 then
		self:WriteUnsigned(Fraction + WriteExponent + 1, 0)
		return
	else
		Mantissa = (Mantissa - 0.5) / 0.5 * PowerOfTwo[Fraction]
	end

	-- Write sign
	self:WriteUnsigned(1, Sign == -1 and 1 or 0)

	-- Write mantissa
	Mantissa = Mantissa + 0.5
	Mantissa = Mantissa - Mantissa % 1 -- Not really correct, should round up/down based on the parity of |wexp|
	self:WriteUnsigned(Fraction, Mantissa)

	-- Write exponent
	local MaxExp = PowerOfTwo[WriteExponent - 1] - 1
	self:WriteSigned(WriteExponent, Exponent > MaxExp and MaxExp or Exponent < -MaxExp and -MaxExp or Exponent)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadFloat(Fraction, WriteExponent)
	if not (Fraction and WriteExponent) then error("missing argument(s)", 1) end

	local Sign = self:ReadUnsigned(1) == 1 and -1 or 1
	local Mantissa = self:ReadUnsigned(Fraction)
	local Exponent = self:ReadSigned(WriteExponent)
	if Exponent == 0 and Mantissa == 0 then return 0 end

	Mantissa = Mantissa / PowerOfTwo[Fraction] / 2 + 0.5
	return Sign * math.ldexp(Mantissa, Exponent)
end

function BitBuffer:WriteFloat8(Float)
	self:WriteFloat(3, 4, Float)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadFloat8()
	local Sign = self:ReadUnsigned(1) == 1 and -1 or 1
	local Mantissa = self:ReadUnsigned(3)
	local Exponent = self:ReadSigned(4)
	if Exponent == 0 and Mantissa == 0 then return 0 end

	Mantissa = Mantissa / PowerOfTwo[3] / 2 + 0.5
	return Sign * math.ldexp(Mantissa, Exponent)
end

-- Read / Write half precision floating point
function BitBuffer:WriteFloat16(Float)
	self:WriteFloat(10, 5, Float)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadFloat16()
	local Sign = self:ReadUnsigned(1) == 1 and -1 or 1
	local Mantissa = self:ReadUnsigned(10)
	local Exponent = self:ReadSigned(5)
	if Exponent == 0 and Mantissa == 0 then return 0 end

	Mantissa = Mantissa / PowerOfTwo[10] / 2 + 0.5
	return Sign * math.ldexp(Mantissa, Exponent)
end

-- Read / Write single precision floating point
function BitBuffer:WriteFloat32(Float)
	self:WriteFloat(23, 8, Float)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadFloat32()
	local Sign = self:ReadUnsigned(1) == 1 and -1 or 1
	local Mantissa = self:ReadUnsigned(23)
	local Exponent = self:ReadSigned(8)
	if Exponent == 0 and Mantissa == 0 then return 0 end

	Mantissa = Mantissa / PowerOfTwo[23] / 2 + 0.5
	return Sign * math.ldexp(Mantissa, Exponent)
end

-- Read / Write double precision floating point
function BitBuffer:WriteFloat64(Float)
	self:WriteFloat(52, 11, Float)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadFloat64()
	local Sign = self:ReadUnsigned(1) == 1 and -1 or 1
	local Mantissa = self:ReadUnsigned(52)
	local Exponent = self:ReadSigned(11)
	if Exponent == 0 and Mantissa == 0 then return 0 end

	Mantissa = Mantissa / PowerOfTwo[52] / 2 + 0.5
	return Sign * math.ldexp(Mantissa, Exponent)
end

-- Roblox DataTypes:

-- Read / Write a BrickColor
function BitBuffer:WriteBrickColor(Color)
	if typeof(Color) ~= "BrickColor" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteBrickColor (BrickColor expected, instead got %s)", typeof(Color)), 1)
	end

	warn("::WriteBrickColor is deprecated. Using ::WriteColor3 is suggested instead.")

	local BrickColorNumber = BrickColorToNumber[Color.Number]
	if not BrickColorNumber then
		warn("Attempt to serialize non-pallete BrickColor `" .. tostring(Color) .. "` (#" .. Color.Number .. "), using Light Stone Grey instead.")
		BrickColorNumber = BrickColorToNumber[1032]
	end

	self:WriteUnsigned(6, BrickColorNumber)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadBrickColor()
	return NumberToBrickColor[self:ReadUnsigned(6)]
end

function BitBuffer:WriteRotation(CoordinateFrame)
	if typeof(CoordinateFrame) ~= "CFrame" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteRotation (CFrame expected, instead got %s)", typeof(CoordinateFrame)), 1)
	end

	local LookVector = CoordinateFrame.LookVector
	local Azumith = math.atan2(-LookVector.X, -LookVector.Z)
	local Elevation = math.atan2(LookVector.Y, math.sqrt(LookVector.X * LookVector.X + LookVector.Z * LookVector.Z))
	local WithoutRoll = CFrame.new(CoordinateFrame.Position) * CFrame.Angles(0, Azumith, 0) * CFrame.Angles(Elevation, 0, 0)
	local _, _, Roll = (WithoutRoll:Inverse() * CoordinateFrame):ToEulerAnglesXYZ()

	-- Atan2 -> in the range [-pi, pi]
	Azumith = ((Azumith / 3.1415926535898) * (PowerOfTwo[21] - 1)) + 0.5
	Azumith = Azumith - Azumith % 1

	Roll = ((Roll / 3.1415926535898) * (PowerOfTwo[20] - 1)) + 0.5
	Roll = Roll - Roll % 1

	Elevation = ((Elevation / 1.5707963267949) * (PowerOfTwo[20] - 1)) + 0.5
	Elevation = Elevation - Elevation % 1

	self:WriteSigned(22, Azumith)
	self:WriteSigned(21, Roll)
	self:WriteSigned(21, Elevation)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadRotation()
	local Azumith = self:ReadSigned(22)
	local Roll = self:ReadSigned(21)
	local Elevation = self:ReadSigned(21)

	Azumith = 3.1415926535898 * (Azumith / (PowerOfTwo[21] - 1))
	Roll = 3.1415926535898 * (Roll / (PowerOfTwo[20] - 1))
	Elevation = 3.1415926535898 * (Elevation / (PowerOfTwo[20] - 1))

	local Rotation = CFrame.Angles(0, Azumith, 0)
	Rotation = Rotation * CFrame.Angles(Elevation, 0, 0)
	Rotation = Rotation * CFrame.Angles(0, 0, Roll)

	return Rotation
end

function BitBuffer:WriteColor3(Color)
	if typeof(Color) ~= "Color3" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteColor3 (Color3 expected, instead got %s)", typeof(Color)), 1)
	end

	local R, G, B = Color.R * 255, Color.G * 255, Color.B * 255
	R, G, B = R - R % 1, G - G % 1, B - B % 1

	self:WriteUnsigned(8, R)
	self:WriteUnsigned(8, G)
	self:WriteUnsigned(8, B)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadColor3()
	return Color3.fromRGB(self:ReadUnsigned(8), self:ReadUnsigned(8), self:ReadUnsigned(8))
end

function BitBuffer:WriteVector3(Vector)
	if typeof(Vector) ~= "Vector3" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteVector3 (Vector3 expected, instead got %s)", typeof(Vector)), 1)
	end

	self:WriteFloat32(Vector.X)
	self:WriteFloat32(Vector.Y)
	self:WriteFloat32(Vector.Z)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadVector3()
	return Vector3.new(self:ReadFloat32(), self:ReadFloat32(), self:ReadFloat32())
end

function BitBuffer:WriteCFrame(CoordinateFrame)
	if typeof(CoordinateFrame) ~= "CFrame" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteCFrame (CFrame expected, instead got %s)", typeof(CoordinateFrame)), 1)
	end

	self:WriteVector3Float64(CoordinateFrame.Position)
	self:WriteRotation(CoordinateFrame)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadCFrame()
	return CFrame.new(self:ReadVector3Float64()) * self:ReadRotation()
end

function BitBuffer:WriteVector2(Vector)
	if typeof(Vector) ~= "Vector2" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteVector2 (Vector2 expected, instead got %s)", typeof(Vector)), 1)
	end

	self:WriteFloat32(Vector.X)
	self:WriteFloat32(Vector.Y)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadVector2()
	return Vector2.new(self:ReadFloat32(), self:ReadFloat32())
end

function BitBuffer:WriteUDim2(Value)
	if typeof(Value) ~= "UDim2" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteUDim2 (UDim2 expected, instead got %s)", typeof(Value)), 1)
	end

	self:WriteSigned(17, Value.X.Offset)
	self:WriteFloat32(Value.X.Scale)
	self:WriteSigned(17, Value.Y.Offset)
	self:WriteFloat32(Value.Y.Scale)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadUDim2()
	return UDim2.new(self:ReadSigned(17), self:ReadFloat32(), self:ReadSigned(17), self:ReadFloat32())
end

function BitBuffer:WriteVector3Float64(Vector)
	if typeof(Vector) ~= "Vector3" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteVector3Float64 (Vector3 expected, instead got %s)", typeof(Vector)), 1)
	end

	self:WriteFloat64(Vector.X)
	self:WriteFloat64(Vector.Y)
	self:WriteFloat64(Vector.Z)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadVector3Float64()
	return Vector3.new(self:ReadFloat64(), self:ReadFloat64(), self:ReadFloat64())
end

function BitBuffer:WriteVector2Float64(Vector)
	if typeof(Vector) ~= "Vector2" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteVector2Float64 (Vector2 expected, instead got %s)", typeof(Vector)), 1)
	end

	self:WriteFloat64(Vector.X)
	self:WriteFloat64(Vector.Y)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadVector2Float64()
	return Vector2.new(self:ReadFloat64(), self:ReadFloat64())
end

BitBuffer.WriteVector3Float32 = BitBuffer.WriteVector3
BitBuffer.ReadVector3Float32 = BitBuffer.ReadVector3

BitBuffer.WriteVector2Float32 = BitBuffer.WriteVector2
BitBuffer.ReadVector2Float32 = BitBuffer.ReadVector2

function BitBuffer:Destroy()
	setmetatable(self, nil)
end

function BitBuffer.BitsNeeded(Number)
	local Bits = math.log10(Number + 1) / LOG_10_OF_2
	return Bits + (1 - Bits % 1)
end

return BitBuffer

FastBitBufferChaining.lua

--[[

This is the chainable BitBuffer module. Haven't tested it, but it should work.

==========================================================================
==									API								 ==

Differences from the original:
	Using metatables instead of a function returning a table.
	Added Vector3, Color3, Vector2, and UDim2 support.
	Deprecated BrickColors.
	Changed the creation method from BitBuffer.Create to BitBuffer.new.
	OPTIMIZED!
	Added a ::Destroy method.

Constructor: BitBuffer.new()

Read/Write pairs for reading data from or writing data to the BitBuffer:
	BitBuffer::WriteUnsigned(BitWidth: number, Value: number): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadUnsigned(BitWidth: number): number
		Read / Write an unsigned value with a given number of bits. The
		value must be a positive integer. For instance, if BitWidth is
		4, then there will be 4 magnitude bits, for a value in the
		range [0, 2 ^ 4 - 1] = [0, 15]

	BitBuffer::WriteSigned(BitWidth: number, Value: number): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadSigned(BitWidth: number): number
		Read / Write a a signed value with a given number of bits. For
		instance, if BitWidth is 4 then there will be 1 sign bit and
		3 magnitude bits, a value in the range [-2 ^ 3 + 1, 2 ^ 3 - 1] = [-7, 7]

	BitBuffer:WriteFloat(MantissaBitWidth: number, ExponentBitWidth: number, Value: number): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer:ReadFloat(MantissaBitWidth, ExponentBitWidth): number
		Read / Write a floating point number with a given mantissa and
		exponent size in bits.

	BitBuffer::WriteFloat8(Float: number): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadFloat8(): number

	BitBuffer::WriteFloat16(Float: number): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadFloat16(): number

	BitBuffer::WriteFloat32(Float: number): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadFloat32(): number

	BitBuffer::WriteFloat64(Float: number): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadFloat64(): number
		Read and write the common types of floating point number that
		are used in code. If you want to 100% accurately save an
		arbitrary Lua number, then you should use the Float64 format. If
		your number is known to be smaller, or you want to save space
		and don't need super high precision, then a Float32 will often
		suffice. For instance, the Transparency of an object will do
		just fine as a Float32.

	BitBuffer::WriteBool(Boolean: boolean): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadBool(): boolean
		Read / Write a boolean (true / false) value. Takes one bit worth of space to store.

	BitBuffer::WriteString(String: string): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadString(): string
		Read / Write a variable length string. The string may contain embedded nulls.
		Only 7 bits / character will be used if the string contains no non-printable characters (greater than 0x80).

	****** PLEASE DON'T USE THIS. USE ::WRITECOLOR3 INSTEAD. ******
	BitBuffer::WriteBrickColor(Color: BrickColor): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadBrickColor(): BrickColor
		Read / Write a Roblox BrickColor. Provided as an example of reading / writing a derived data type.
		Please don't actually use this, just use ::WriteColor3 instead.

	BitBuffer::WriteColor3(Color: Color3): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadColor3(): Color3
		Read / Write a Roblox Color3. Use this over the BrickColor methods, PLEASE.

	BitBuffer::WriteRotation(CoordinateFrame: CFrame): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadRotation(): CFrame
		Read / Write the rotation part of a given CFrame. Encodes the
		rotation in question into 64bits, which is a good size to get
		a pretty dense packing, but still while having errors well within
		the threshold that Roblox uses for stuff like MakeJoints()
		detecting adjacency. Will also perfectly reproduce rotations which
		are orthagonally aligned, or inverse-power-of-two rotated on only
		a single axix. For other rotations, the results may not be
		perfectly stable through read-write cycles (if you read/write an
		arbitrary rotation thousands of times there may be detectable
		"drift")

	BitBuffer::WriteVector3(Vector: Vector3): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadVector3(): Vector3
	BitBuffer::WriteVector3Float32(Vector: Vector3): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadVector3Float32(): Vector3
		Read / write a Vector3. Encodes the vector using 32-bit precision.
		For more precision, use BitBuffer::WriteVector3Float64 instead.

	BitBuffer::WriteVector3Float64(Vector: Vector3): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadVector3Float64(): Vector3
		Read / write a Vector3. Encodes the vector using 64-bit precision.
		For less precision, use BitBuffer::WriteVector3 instead.

	BitBuffer::WriteVector2(Vector: Vector2): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadVector2(): Vector2
	BitBuffer::WriteVector2Float32(Vector: Vector2): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadVector2Float32(): Vector2
		Read / write a Vector2. Encodes the vector using 32-bit precision.
		For more precision, use BitBuffer::WriteVector2Float64 instead.

	BitBuffer::WriteVector2Float64(Vector: Vector2): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadVector2Float64(): Vector2
		Read / write a Vector2. Encodes the vector using 64-bit precision.
		For less precision, use BitBuffer::WriteVector2Float32 instead.

	BitBuffer::WriteCFrame(CoordinateFrame: CFrame): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadCFrame(): CFrame
		Read / write the whole CFrame. This will call both ::WriteVector3Float64 and ::WriteRotation
		to save the entire CFrame, and encodes it using 64-bit precision.

	BitBuffer::WriteUDim2(Value: UDim2): BitBuffer
	BitBuffer::ReadUDim2(): UDim2
		Read / write a UDim2. Encodes the value using 32-bit precision.

From/To pairs for dumping out the BitBuffer to another format:
	BitBuffer::ToString(): string
	BitBuffer::FromString(String: string): BitBuffer
		Will replace / dump out the contents of the buffer to / from
		a binary chunk encoded as a Lua string. This string is NOT
		suitable for storage in the Roblox DataStores, as they do
		not handle non-printable characters well.

	BitBuffer::ToBase64(): string
	BitBuffer::FromBase64(String: string): BitBuffer
		Will replace / dump out the contents of the buffer to / from
		a set of Base64 encoded data, as a Lua string. This string
		only consists of Base64 printable characters, so it is
		ideal for storage in Roblox DataStores.

	BitBuffer::ToBase128(): string
	BitBuffer::FromBase128(String: string): BitBuffer
		Defaultio added this function. 128 characters can all be written
		to DataStores, so this function packs more tightly than saving
		in only 64 bit strings. Full disclosure: I have no idea what I'm
		doing but I think this is useful.

Buffer / Position Manipulation
	BitBuffer::ResetPointer(): BitBuffer
		Will Reset the point in the buffer that is being read / written
		to back to the start of the buffer.

	BitBuffer::Reset(): BitBuffer
		Will reset the buffer to a clean state, with no contents.

Example Usage:
	local function SaveToBuffer(buffer, userData)
		buffer:WriteString(userData.HeroName)
			:WriteUnsigned(14, userData.Score) --> 14 bits -> [0, 2^14-1] -> [0, 16383]
			:WriteBool(userData.HasDoneSomething)
			:WriteUnsigned(10, #userData.ItemList) --> [0, 1023]

		for _, itemInfo in pairs(userData.ItemList) do
			buffer:WriteString(itemInfo.Identifier)
				:WriteUnsigned(10, itemInfo.Count) --> [0, 1023]
		end
	end

	local function LoadFromBuffer(buffer, userData)
		userData.HeroName = buffer:ReadString()
		userData.Score = buffer:ReadUnsigned(14)
		userData.HasDoneSomething = buffer:ReadBool()
		local itemCount = buffer:ReadUnsigned(10)
		for i = 1, itemCount do
			local itemInfo = {}
			itemInfo.Identifier = buffer:ReadString()
			itemInfo.Count = buffer:ReadUnsigned(10)
			table.insert(userData.ItemList, itemInfo)
		end
	end
	--...
	local buff = BitBuffer.new()
	SaveToBuffer(buff, someUserData)
	myDataStore:SetAsync(somePlayer.userId, buff:ToBase64())
	--...
	local data = myDataStore:GetAsync(somePlayer.userId)
	local buff = BitBuffer.new()
	buff:FromBase64(data)
	LoadFromBuffer(buff, someUserData)
--]]

-- This is quite possibly the fastest BitBuffer module.

local BitBuffer = {
	ClassName = "BitBuffer";
	__tostring = function(self) return self.ClassName end;
}

BitBuffer.__index = BitBuffer

local CHAR_0X10 = string.char(0x10)
local LOG_10_OF_2 = math.log10(2)

local NumberToBase64, Base64ToNumber = {}, {} do
	local CHARACTERS = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/"
	for Index = 1, #CHARACTERS do
		local Character = string.sub(CHARACTERS, Index, Index)
		NumberToBase64[Index - 1] = Character
		Base64ToNumber[Character] = Index - 1
	end
end

local NumberToBase128, Base128ToNumber = {}, {} do -- edit
	local CHARACTERS = ""
	for Index = 0, 127 do CHARACTERS = CHARACTERS .. string.char(Index) end

	for Index = 1, #CHARACTERS do
		local Character = string.sub(CHARACTERS, Index, Index)
		NumberToBase128[Index - 1] = Character
		Base128ToNumber[Character] = Index - 1
	end
end --/edit

local PowerOfTwo = setmetatable({}, {
	__index = function(self, Index)
		local Value = 2 ^ Index
		self[Index] = Value
		return Value
	end;
})

for Index = 0, 128 do local _ = PowerOfTwo[Index] end

local BrickColorToNumber, NumberToBrickColor = {}, {} do
	for Index = 0, 63 do
		local Color = BrickColor.palette(Index)
		BrickColorToNumber[Color.Number] = Index
		NumberToBrickColor[Index] = Color
	end
end

local DIGITS = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"

local function ToBase(Number, Base)
	Number = Number - Number % 1
	if not Base or Base == 10 then return tostring(Number) end

	local Array = {}
	local Sign = ""
	if Number < 0 then
		Sign = "-"
		Number = 0 - Number
	end

	repeat
		local Index = (Number % Base) + 1
		Number = Number / Base
		Number = Number - Number % 1
		table.insert(Array, 1, string.sub(DIGITS, Index, Index))
	until Number == 0

	return Sign .. table.concat(Array)
end

function BitBuffer.new()
	return setmetatable({
		BitPointer = 0;
		mBitBuffer = {};
	}, BitBuffer)
end

function BitBuffer:ResetPointer()
	self.BitPointer = 0
	return self
end

function BitBuffer:Reset()
	self.mBitBuffer, self.BitPointer = {}, 0
	return self
end

function BitBuffer:FromString(String)
	if type(String) ~= "string" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::FromString (string expected, instead got %s)", typeof(String)), 1)
	end

	self.mBitBuffer, self.BitPointer = {}, 0

	for Index = 1, #String do
		local ByteCharacter = string.byte(string.sub(String, Index, Index))
		for _ = 1, 8 do
			self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
			self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = ByteCharacter % 2
			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter / 2
			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter - ByteCharacter % 1
		end
	end

--	for Character in string.gmatch(String, ".") do
--		local ByteCharacter = string.byte(Character)
--		for _ = 1, 8 do
--			self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
--			self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = ByteCharacter % 2
--			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter / 2
--			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter - ByteCharacter % 1
--		end
--	end

	self.BitPointer = 0
	return self
end

function BitBuffer:ToString()
	local String = ""
	local Accumulator = 0
	local Power = 0

	for Index = 1, math.ceil(#self.mBitBuffer / 8) * 8 do
		Accumulator = Accumulator + PowerOfTwo[Power] * (self.mBitBuffer[Index] or 0)
		Power = Power + 1
		if Power >= 8 then
			String = String .. string.char(Accumulator)
			Accumulator = 0
			Power = 0
		end
	end

	return String
end

-- Read / Write to base64
function BitBuffer:FromBase64(String)
	if type(String) ~= "string" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::FromBase64 (string expected, instead got %s)", typeof(String)), 1)
	end

	self.mBitBuffer, self.BitPointer = {}, 0

	for Index = 1, #String do
		local Character = string.sub(String, Index, Index)
		local ByteCharacter = Base64ToNumber[Character]
		if not ByteCharacter then error("Bad character: 0x" .. ToBase(string.byte(Character), 16), 1) end

		for _ = 1, 6 do
			self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
			self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = ByteCharacter % 2
			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter / 2
			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter - ByteCharacter % 1
		end

		if ByteCharacter ~= 0 then
			error("Character value 0x" .. ToBase(Base64ToNumber[Character], 16) .. " too large", 1)
		end
	end

--	for Character in string.gmatch(String, ".") do
--		local ByteCharacter = Base64ToNumber[Character]
--		if not ByteCharacter then error("Bad character: 0x" .. ToBase(string.byte(Character), 16), 1) end
--
--		for _ = 1, 6 do
--			self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
--			self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = ByteCharacter % 2
--			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter / 2
--			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter - ByteCharacter % 1
--		end
--
--		if ByteCharacter ~= 0 then
--			error("Character value 0x" .. ToBase(Base64ToNumber[Character], 16) .. " too large", 1)
--		end
--	end

	self.BitPointer = 0
	return self
end

function BitBuffer:ToBase64()
	local Array = {}
	local Length = 0
	local Accumulator = 0
	local Power = 0

	local mBitBuffer = self.mBitBuffer

	for Index = 1, math.ceil(#mBitBuffer / 6) * 6 do
		Accumulator = Accumulator + PowerOfTwo[Power] * (mBitBuffer[Index] or 0)
		Power = Power + 1
		if Power >= 6 then
			Length = Length + 1
			Array[Length] = NumberToBase64[Accumulator]
			Accumulator = 0
			Power = 0
		end
	end

	return table.concat(Array)
end

-- Read / Write to base128 -- edit
function BitBuffer:FromBase128(String)
	if type(String) ~= "string" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::FromBase128 (string expected, instead got %s)", typeof(String)), 1)
	end

	self.mBitBuffer, self.BitPointer = {}, 0

	for Index = 1, #String do
		local Character = string.sub(String, Index, Index)
		local ByteCharacter = Base128ToNumber[Character]
		if not ByteCharacter then
			error("Bad character: 0x" .. ToBase(string.byte(Character), 16), 1)
		end

		for _ = 1, 7 do
			self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
			self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = ByteCharacter % 2
			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter / 2
			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter - ByteCharacter % 1
		end

		if ByteCharacter ~= 0 then
			error("Character value 0x" .. ToBase(Base128ToNumber[Character], 16) .. " too large", 1)
		end
	end

--	for Character in string.gmatch(String, ".") do
--		local ByteCharacter = Base128ToNumber[Character]
--		if not ByteCharacter then
--			error("Bad character: 0x" .. ToBase(string.byte(Character), 16), 1)
--		end
--
--		for _ = 1, 7 do
--			self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
--			self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = ByteCharacter % 2
--			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter / 2
--			ByteCharacter = ByteCharacter - ByteCharacter % 1
--		end
--
--		if ByteCharacter ~= 0 then
--			error("Character value 0x" .. ToBase(Base128ToNumber[Character], 16) .. " too large", 1)
--		end
--	end

	self.BitPointer = 0
	return self
end

function BitBuffer:ToBase128()
	local Array = {}
	local Length = 0
	local Accumulator = 0
	local Power = 0
	local mBitBuffer = self.mBitBuffer

	for Index = 1, math.ceil(#mBitBuffer / 7) * 7 do
		Accumulator = Accumulator + PowerOfTwo[Power] * (mBitBuffer[Index] or 0)
		Power = Power + 1
		if Power >= 7 then
			Length = Length + 1
			Array[Length] = NumberToBase128[Accumulator]
			Accumulator = 0
			Power = 0
		end
	end

	return table.concat(Array)
end	-- /edit

-- Dump
function BitBuffer:Dump()
	local String = ""
	local String2 = ""
	local Accumulator = 0
	local Power = 0

	local mBitBuffer = self.mBitBuffer

	for Index = 1, math.ceil(#mBitBuffer / 8) * 8 do
		String2 = String2 .. (mBitBuffer[Index] or 0)
		Accumulator = Accumulator + PowerOfTwo[Power] * (mBitBuffer[Index] or 0)
		Power = Power + 1

		if Power >= 8 then
			String2 = String2 .. " "
			String = String .. "0x" .. ToBase(Accumulator, 16) .. " "
			Accumulator = 0
			Power = 0
		end
	end

	print("Bytes:", String)
	print("Bits:", String2)
	return self
end

function BitBuffer:_readBit()
	self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
	return self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer]
end

local function DetermineType(Value)
	local ActualType = typeof(Value)
	if ActualType == "number" then
		if Value % 1 == 0 then
			ActualType = Value < 0 and "negative integer" or "positive integer"
		else
			ActualType = Value < 0 and "negative number" or "positive number"
		end
	elseif ActualType == "table" then
		local Key = next(Value)
		if DetermineType(Key) == "positive integer" then
			ActualType = "array"
		else
			ActualType = "dictionary"
		end
	end

	return ActualType
end

function BitBuffer:WriteUnsigned(Width, Value)
	if not Width then
		error("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteUnsigned (missing Width)", 1)
	end

	if not (Value or type(Value) == "number" or Value >= 0 or Value % 1 == 0) then
		error(string.format("bad argument #2 in BitBuffer::WriteUnsigned (positive integer expected, instead got %s)", DetermineType(Value)), 1)
	end

	-- Store LSB first
	for _ = 1, Width do
		self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
		self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = Value % 2
		Value = Value / 2
		Value = Value - Value % 1
	end

	if Value ~= 0 then
		error("Value " .. tostring(Value) .. " has width greater than " .. Width .. " bits", 1)
	end

	return self
end

function BitBuffer:ReadUnsigned(Width)
	local Value = 0
	for Index = 1, Width do Value = Value + self:_readBit() * PowerOfTwo[Index - 1] end
	return Value
end

-- Read / Write a signed number
function BitBuffer:WriteSigned(Width, Value)
	if not (Width and Value) then error("bad arguments in BitBuffer::WriteSigned (missing values)", 1) end
	if Value % 1 ~= 0 then error("Non-integer value to BitBuffer::WriteSigned", 1) end

	-- Write sign
	if Value < 0 then
		self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
		self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = 1
		Value = 0 - Value
	else
		self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
		self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer] = 0
	end

	return self:WriteUnsigned(Width - 1, Value)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadSigned(Width)
	self.BitPointer = self.BitPointer + 1
	return ((-1) ^ self.mBitBuffer[self.BitPointer]) * self:ReadUnsigned(Width - 1)
--	return ((-1) ^ self:_readBit()) * self:ReadUnsigned(Width - 1)
end

-- Read / Write a string. May contain embedded nulls (string.char(0))
function BitBuffer:WriteString(String)
	if type(String) ~= "string" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteString (string expected, instead got %s)", typeof(String)), 1)
	end

	-- First check if it's a 7 or 8 bit width of string
	local StringLength = #String
	local BitWidth = 7
	for Index = 1, StringLength do
		if string.byte(string.sub(String, Index, Index)) > 127 then
			BitWidth = 8
			break
		end
	end

--	for Character in string.gmatch(String, ".") do
--		if string.byte(Character) > 127 then
--			BitWidth = 8
--			break
--		end
--	end

	-- Write the bit width flag
	self:WriteUnsigned(1, BitWidth == 7 and 0 or 1) -- 1 for wide chars

	-- Now write out the string, terminated with "0x10, 0b0"
	-- 0x10 is encoded as "0x10, 0b1"
	for Index = 1, StringLength do
		local ByteCharacter = string.byte(string.sub(String, Index, Index))
		if ByteCharacter == 0x10 then
			self:WriteUnsigned(BitWidth, 0x10)
				:WriteUnsigned(1, 1)
		else
			self:WriteUnsigned(BitWidth, ByteCharacter)
		end
	end

--	for Character in string.gmatch(String, ".") do
--		local ByteCharacter = string.byte(Character)
--		if ByteCharacter == 0x10 then
--			self:WriteUnsigned(BitWidth, 0x10)
--			self:WriteUnsigned(1, 1)
--		else
--			self:WriteUnsigned(BitWidth, ByteCharacter)
--		end
--	end

	-- Write terminator
	return self:WriteUnsigned(BitWidth, 0x10)
		:WriteUnsigned(1, 0)
end

--[[**
	Reads the BitBuffer for a string.
	@returns [String]
**--]]
function BitBuffer:ReadString()
	-- Get bit width
	local BitWidth = self:ReadUnsigned(1) == 1 and 8 or 7

	-- Loop
	local String = ""
	while true do
		local Character = self:ReadUnsigned(BitWidth)
		if Character == 0x10 then
			if self:ReadUnsigned(1) == 1 then
				String = String .. CHAR_0X10
			else
				break
			end
		else
			String = String .. string.char(Character)
		end
	end

	return String
end

--[[**
	Writes a boolean to the BitBuffer.
	@param [Boolean] Boolean The value you are writing to the BitBuffer.
**--]]
function BitBuffer:WriteBool(Boolean)
	if type(Boolean) ~= "boolean" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteBool (boolean expected, instead got %s)", typeof(Boolean)), 1)
	end

	return self:WriteUnsigned(1, Boolean and 1 or 0)
end

--[[**
	Reads the BitBuffer for a boolean.
	@returns [Boolean]
**--]]
function BitBuffer:ReadBool()
	return self:ReadUnsigned(1) == 1
end

-- Read / Write a floating point number with |wfrac| fraction part
-- bits, |wexp| exponent part bits, and one sign bit.

--[[**
	Write a floating point number with |wfrac| fraction part to the BitBuffer.
	@param [Integer] wfrac The number of bits.
	@param [Integer] wexp
	@param [Number] f The float itself.
**--]]
function BitBuffer:WriteFloat(Fraction, WriteExponent, Float)
	if not (Fraction and WriteExponent and Float) then error("missing argument(s)", 1) end

	-- Sign
	local Sign = 1
	if Float < 0 then
		Float = 0 - Float
		Sign = -1
	end

	-- Decompose
	local Mantissa, Exponent = math.frexp(Float)
	if Exponent == 0 and Mantissa == 0 then
		self:WriteUnsigned(Fraction + WriteExponent + 1, 0)
		return self -- ????
	else
		Mantissa = (Mantissa - 0.5) / 0.5 * PowerOfTwo[Fraction]
	end

	Mantissa = Mantissa + 0.5
	Mantissa = Mantissa - Mantissa % 1 -- Not really correct, should round up/down based on the parity of |wexp|
	local MaxExp = PowerOfTwo[WriteExponent - 1] - 1

	-- Write sign, mantissa, and exponent
	return self:WriteUnsigned(1, Sign == -1 and 1 or 0)
		:WriteUnsigned(Fraction, Mantissa)
		:WriteSigned(WriteExponent, Exponent > MaxExp and MaxExp or Exponent < -MaxExp and -MaxExp or Exponent)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadFloat(Fraction, WriteExponent)
	if not (Fraction and WriteExponent) then error("missing argument(s)", 1) end

	local Sign = self:ReadUnsigned(1) == 1 and -1 or 1
	local Mantissa = self:ReadUnsigned(Fraction)
	local Exponent = self:ReadSigned(WriteExponent)
	if Exponent == 0 and Mantissa == 0 then return 0 end

	Mantissa = Mantissa / PowerOfTwo[Fraction] / 2 + 0.5
	return Sign * math.ldexp(Mantissa, Exponent)
end

function BitBuffer:WriteFloat8(Float)
	return self:WriteFloat(3, 4, Float)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadFloat8()
	local Sign = self:ReadUnsigned(1) == 1 and -1 or 1
	local Mantissa = self:ReadUnsigned(3)
	local Exponent = self:ReadSigned(4)
	if Exponent == 0 and Mantissa == 0 then return 0 end

	Mantissa = Mantissa / PowerOfTwo[3] / 2 + 0.5
	return Sign * math.ldexp(Mantissa, Exponent)
end

-- Read / Write half precision floating point
function BitBuffer:WriteFloat16(Float)
	return self:WriteFloat(10, 5, Float)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadFloat16()
	local Sign = self:ReadUnsigned(1) == 1 and -1 or 1
	local Mantissa = self:ReadUnsigned(10)
	local Exponent = self:ReadSigned(5)
	if Exponent == 0 and Mantissa == 0 then return 0 end

	Mantissa = Mantissa / PowerOfTwo[10] / 2 + 0.5
	return Sign * math.ldexp(Mantissa, Exponent)
end

-- Read / Write single precision floating point
function BitBuffer:WriteFloat32(Float)
	self:WriteFloat(23, 8, Float)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadFloat32()
	local Sign = self:ReadUnsigned(1) == 1 and -1 or 1
	local Mantissa = self:ReadUnsigned(23)
	local Exponent = self:ReadSigned(8)
	if Exponent == 0 and Mantissa == 0 then return 0 end

	Mantissa = Mantissa / PowerOfTwo[23] / 2 + 0.5
	return Sign * math.ldexp(Mantissa, Exponent)
end

-- Read / Write double precision floating point
function BitBuffer:WriteFloat64(Float)
	return self:WriteFloat(52, 11, Float)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadFloat64()
	local Sign = self:ReadUnsigned(1) == 1 and -1 or 1
	local Mantissa = self:ReadUnsigned(52)
	local Exponent = self:ReadSigned(11)
	if Exponent == 0 and Mantissa == 0 then return 0 end

	Mantissa = Mantissa / PowerOfTwo[52] / 2 + 0.5
	return Sign * math.ldexp(Mantissa, Exponent)
end

-- Roblox DataTypes:

-- Read / Write a BrickColor
function BitBuffer:WriteBrickColor(Color)
	if typeof(Color) ~= "BrickColor" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteBrickColor (BrickColor expected, instead got %s)", typeof(Color)), 1)
	end

	warn("::WriteBrickColor is deprecated. Using ::WriteColor3 is suggested instead.")

	local BrickColorNumber = BrickColorToNumber[Color.Number]
	if not BrickColorNumber then
		warn("Attempt to serialize non-pallete BrickColor `" .. tostring(Color) .. "` (#" .. Color.Number .. "), using Light Stone Grey instead.")
		BrickColorNumber = BrickColorToNumber[1032]
	end

	return self:WriteUnsigned(6, BrickColorNumber)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadBrickColor()
	return NumberToBrickColor[self:ReadUnsigned(6)]
end

function BitBuffer:WriteRotation(CoordinateFrame)
	if typeof(CoordinateFrame) ~= "CFrame" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteRotation (CFrame expected, instead got %s)", typeof(CoordinateFrame)), 1)
	end

	local LookVector = CoordinateFrame.LookVector
	local Azumith = math.atan2(-LookVector.X, -LookVector.Z)
	local Elevation = math.atan2(LookVector.Y, math.sqrt(LookVector.X * LookVector.X + LookVector.Z * LookVector.Z))
	local WithoutRoll = CFrame.new(CoordinateFrame.Position) * CFrame.Angles(0, Azumith, 0) * CFrame.Angles(Elevation, 0, 0)
	local _, _, Roll = (WithoutRoll:Inverse() * CoordinateFrame):ToEulerAnglesXYZ()

	-- Atan2 -> in the range [-pi, pi]
	Azumith = ((Azumith / 3.1415926535898) * (PowerOfTwo[21] - 1)) + 0.5
	Azumith = Azumith - Azumith % 1

	Roll = ((Roll / 3.1415926535898) * (PowerOfTwo[20] - 1)) + 0.5
	Roll = Roll - Roll % 1

	Elevation = ((Elevation / 1.5707963267949) * (PowerOfTwo[20] - 1)) + 0.5
	Elevation = Elevation - Elevation % 1

	return self:WriteSigned(22, Azumith)
		:WriteSigned(21, Roll)
		:WriteSigned(21, Elevation)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadRotation()
	local Azumith = self:ReadSigned(22)
	local Roll = self:ReadSigned(21)
	local Elevation = self:ReadSigned(21)

	Azumith = 3.1415926535898 * (Azumith / (PowerOfTwo[21] - 1))
	Roll = 3.1415926535898 * (Roll / (PowerOfTwo[20] - 1))
	Elevation = 3.1415926535898 * (Elevation / (PowerOfTwo[20] - 1))

	local Rotation = CFrame.Angles(0, Azumith, 0)
	Rotation = Rotation * CFrame.Angles(Elevation, 0, 0)
	Rotation = Rotation * CFrame.Angles(0, 0, Roll)

	return Rotation
end

function BitBuffer:WriteColor3(Color)
	if typeof(Color) ~= "Color3" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteColor3 (Color3 expected, instead got %s)", typeof(Color)), 1)
	end

	local R, G, B = Color.R * 255, Color.G * 255, Color.B * 255
	R, G, B = R - R % 1, G - G % 1, B - B % 1

	return self:WriteUnsigned(8, R)
		:WriteUnsigned(8, G)
		:WriteUnsigned(8, B)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadColor3()
	return Color3.fromRGB(self:ReadUnsigned(8), self:ReadUnsigned(8), self:ReadUnsigned(8))
end

function BitBuffer:WriteVector3(Vector)
	if typeof(Vector) ~= "Vector3" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteVector3 (Vector3 expected, instead got %s)", typeof(Vector)), 1)
	end

	return self:WriteFloat32(Vector.X)
		:WriteFloat32(Vector.Y)
		:WriteFloat32(Vector.Z)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadVector3()
	return Vector3.new(self:ReadFloat32(), self:ReadFloat32(), self:ReadFloat32())
end

function BitBuffer:WriteCFrame(CoordinateFrame)
	if typeof(CoordinateFrame) ~= "CFrame" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteCFrame (CFrame expected, instead got %s)", typeof(CoordinateFrame)), 1)
	end

	return self:WriteVector3Float64(CoordinateFrame.Position)
		:WriteRotation(CoordinateFrame)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadCFrame()
	return CFrame.new(self:ReadVector3Float64()) * self:ReadRotation()
end

function BitBuffer:WriteVector2(Vector)
	if typeof(Vector) ~= "Vector2" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteVector2 (Vector2 expected, instead got %s)", typeof(Vector)), 1)
	end

	return self:WriteFloat32(Vector.X)
		:WriteFloat32(Vector.Y)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadVector2()
	return Vector2.new(self:ReadFloat32(), self:ReadFloat32())
end

function BitBuffer:WriteUDim2(Value)
	if typeof(Value) ~= "UDim2" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteUDim2 (UDim2 expected, instead got %s)", typeof(Value)), 1)
	end

	return self:WriteSigned(17, Value.X.Offset)
		:WriteFloat32(Value.X.Scale)
		:WriteSigned(17, Value.Y.Offset)
		:WriteFloat32(Value.Y.Scale)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadUDim2()
	return UDim2.new(self:ReadSigned(17), self:ReadFloat32(), self:ReadSigned(17), self:ReadFloat32())
end

function BitBuffer:WriteVector3Float64(Vector)
	if typeof(Vector) ~= "Vector3" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteVector3Float64 (Vector3 expected, instead got %s)", typeof(Vector)), 1)
	end

	return self:WriteFloat64(Vector.X)
		:WriteFloat64(Vector.Y)
		:WriteFloat64(Vector.Z)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadVector3Float64()
	return Vector3.new(self:ReadFloat64(), self:ReadFloat64(), self:ReadFloat64())
end

function BitBuffer:WriteVector2Float64(Vector)
	if typeof(Vector) ~= "Vector2" then
		error(string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteVector2Float64 (Vector2 expected, instead got %s)", typeof(Vector)), 1)
	end

	return self:WriteFloat64(Vector.X)
		:WriteFloat64(Vector.Y)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadVector2Float64()
	return Vector2.new(self:ReadFloat64(), self:ReadFloat64())
end

BitBuffer.WriteVector3Float32 = BitBuffer.WriteVector3
BitBuffer.ReadVector3Float32 = BitBuffer.ReadVector3

BitBuffer.WriteVector2Float32 = BitBuffer.WriteVector2
BitBuffer.ReadVector2Float32 = BitBuffer.ReadVector2

function BitBuffer:Destroy()
	setmetatable(self, nil)
end

function BitBuffer.BitsNeeded(Number)
	local Bits = math.log10(Number + 1) / LOG_10_OF_2
	return Bits + (1 - Bits % 1)
end

return BitBuffer

NexusBitBuffer.lua

--[[
	
==========================================================================
==                                 	API                                 ==
==          (Most of the API is the same as Stravant's BitBuffer)       ==


NOTE IF YOU HAVE BEEN USING STRAVANT'S BITBUFFER MODULE:
	The majority of the functionality is the same, with reading being 
	10% faster. Anything serialized with his BitBuffer module is
	compatible with the module except for any removed functions. Both
	WriteUnicodeString() and ReadUnicodeString() were added for future-
	proofing for Unicode support. ReadBrick and WriteBrickColor were
	not implemented because they relied on the color pallete, which
	does change. Dump was also not implemented because it isn't really
	important. (Private TheNexusAvenger if you actually use the function,
	I can just re-add it)



Constructor: BitBuffer.Create()

Read/Write pairs for reading data from or writing data to the BitBuffer:
	BitBuffer:WriteUnsigned(bitWidth, value)
	BitBuffer:ReadUnsigned(bitWidth)
		Read / Write an unsigned value with a given number of bits. The 
		value must be a positive integer. For instance, if bitWidth is
		4, then there will be 4 magnitude bits, for a value in the
		range [0, 2^4-1] = [0, 15]
		
	BitBuffer:WriteSigned(bitWidth, value)
	BitBuffer:ReadSigned(bitWidth)
		Read / Write a a signed value with a given number of bits. For
		instance, if bitWidth is 4 then there will be 1 sign bit and
		3 magnitude bits, a value in the range [-2^3+1, 2^3-1] = [-7, 7]
		
	BitBuffer:WriteFloat(mantissaBitWidth, exponentBitWidth, value)
	BitBuffer:ReadFloat(mantissaBitWidth, exponentBitWidth)
		Read / Write a floating point number with a given mantissa and
		exponent size in bits.
		
	BitBuffer:WriteFloat32(value)
	BitBuffer:ReadFloat32()
	BitBuffer:WriteFloat64(value)
	BitBuffer:ReadFloat64()
		Read and write the common types of floating point number that
		are used in code. If you want to 100% accurately save an
		arbitrary Lua number, then you should use the Float64 format. If
		your number is known to be smaller, or you want to save space
		and don't need super high precision, then a Float32 will often
		suffice. For instance, the Transparency of an object will do
		just fine as a Float32.
		
	BitBuffer:WriteBool(value)
	BitBuffer:ReadBool()
		Read / Write a boolean (true / false) value. Takes one bit worth
		of space to store.
		
	BitBuffer:WriteString(str)
	BitBuffer:ReadString()
		Read / Write a variable length string. The string may contain
		embedded nulls. Only 7 bits / character will be used if the
		string contains no non-printable characters (greater than 0x80).
		
	BitBuffer:WriteUnicodeString(str)
	BitBuffer:ReadUnicodeString()
		Read / Write a variable length string. The string may contain
		embedded nulls. Uses 5 bits to store the bit width of all the
		characters, and each character is the largest character bit
		width in the string. This exists for future compatibilty with
		Unicode.
		
	BitBuffer:WriteRotation(cframe)
	BitBuffer:ReadRotation()
		Read / Write the rotation part of a given CFrame. Encodes the 
		rotation in question into 64bits, which is a good size to get
		a pretty dense packing, but still while having errors well within 
		the threshold that Roblox uses for stuff like MakeJoints() 
		detecting adjacency. Will also perfectly reproduce rotations which
		are orthagonally aligned, or inverse-power-of-two rotated on only
		a single axix. For other rotations, the results may not be
		perfectly stable through read-write cycles (if you read/write an
		arbitrary rotation thousands of times there may be detectable
		"drift")
	
		
From/To pairs for dumping out the BitBuffer to another format:
	BitBuffer:ToString()
	BitBuffer:FromString(str)
		Will replace / dump out the contents of the buffer to / from
		a binary chunk encoded as a Lua string. This string is NOT
		suitable for storage in the Roblox DataStores, as they do
		not handle non-printable characters well.
		
	BitBuffer:ToBase64()
	BitBuffer:FromBase64(str)
		Will replace / dump out the contents of the buffer to / from
		a set of Base64 encoded data, as a Lua string. This string
		only consists of Base64 printable characters, so it is
		ideal for storage in Roblox DataStores.
		
Buffer / Position Manipulation
	BitBuffer:ResetPtr()
		Will Reset the point in the buffer that is being read / written
		to back to the start of the buffer.
		
	BitBuffer:Reset()
		Will reset the buffer to a clean state, with no contents.

Example Usage:
	local function SaveToBuffer(buffer, userData)
		buffer:WriteString(userData.HeroName)
		buffer:WriteUnsigned(14, userData.Score) --> 14 bits -> [0, 2^14-1] -> [0, 16383]
		buffer:WriteBool(userData.HasDoneSomething)
		buffer:WriteUnsigned(10, #userData.ItemList) --> [0, 1023]
		for _, itemInfo in pairs(userData.ItemList) do
			buffer:WriteString(itemInfo.Identifier)
			buffer:WriteUnsigned(10, itemInfo.Count) --> [0, 1023]
		end
	end
	local function LoadFromBuffer(buffer, userData)
		userData.HeroName = buffer:ReadString()
		userData.Score = buffer:ReadUnsigned(14)
		userData.HasDoneSomething = buffer:ReadBool()
		local itemCount = buffer:ReadUnsigned(10)
		for i = 1, itemCount do
			local itemInfo = {}
			itemInfo.Identifier = buffer:ReadString()
			itemInfo.Count = buffer:ReadUnsigned(10)
			table.insert(userData.ItemList, itemInfo)
		end
	end
	--...
	local buff = BitBuffer.Create()
	SaveToBuffer(buff, someUserData)
	myDataStore:SetAsync(somePlayer.userId, buff:ToBase64())
	--...
	local data = myDataStore:GetAsync(somePlayer.userId)
	local buff = BitBuffer.Create()
	buff:FromBase64(data)
	LoadFromBuffer(buff, someUserData)
--]]

local Module = {}

function Module.new()
	local Buffer = {}
	local abs,ldexp,frexp,floor = math.abs,math.ldexp,math.frexp,math.floor
	local atan2,pi,ceil,log10 = math.atan2,math.pi,math.ceil,math.log10
	local len,sub,byte,find,char = string.len,string.sub,string.byte,string.find,string.char
	local CFramenew,CFrameAngles = CFrame.new,CFrame.Angles
	
	local BinaryString = ""
	local Pointer = 0
	local NullCharacter = 0x10
	
	local function ResetPtr()
		Pointer = 0
	end
	
	local function Reset()
		BinaryString = ""
		Pointer = 0
	end
	
	
	local function WriteBits(String)
		BinaryString = BinaryString..String
		Pointer = Pointer + len(String)
	end
	
	local function ReadBits(BitWidth)
		local Binary = sub(BinaryString,Pointer + 1, Pointer + BitWidth)
		Pointer = Pointer + BitWidth
		return Binary
	end
	
	local function WriteUnsigned(BitWidth,Number)
		local BinNum = ""
		for i = 1, BitWidth do
			BinNum = BinNum..(Number % 2)
			Number = floor(Number / 2)
		end
		WriteBits(BinNum)
	end
	
	local function ReadUnsigned(BitWidth)
		local Binary = ReadBits(BitWidth)
		local Length = len(Binary)
		local Number = 0
		for Spot = 1, Length do
			local NumberSpot = sub(Binary,Spot,Spot)
			Number = Number + (tonumber(NumberSpot) * 2^(Spot - 1))
		end
		return Number
	end
	
	local function WriteSigned(BitWidth,Number)
		WriteBits((Number < 0 and "1" or "0"))
		WriteUnsigned(BitWidth - 1,abs(Number))
	end
	
	local function ReadSigned(BitWidth)
		local SignBit = ReadBits(1)
		local Number = ReadUnsigned(BitWidth - 1)
		return Number * (SignBit == "0" and 1 or -1)
	end
	
	local function WriteFloat(MantissaBitWidth,ExponentBitWidth,Float)
		--Code adopted from Stravant
		
		-- Sign
		local Sign = 1
		if Float < 0 then
			Float = -Float
			Sign = -1
		end
		
		-- Decompose
		local Mantissa, Exponent = frexp(Float)
		if Exponent == 0 and Mantissa == 0 then
			WriteUnsigned(MantissaBitWidth + ExponentBitWidth + 1, 0)
			return
		else
			Mantissa = ((Mantissa - 0.5)/0.5 * (2^MantissaBitWidth))
		end
		
		-- Write sign
		if Sign == -1 then
			WriteBits("1")
		else
			WriteBits("0")
		end
		
		-- Write mantissa
		Mantissa = floor(Mantissa + 0.5) -- Not really correct, should round up/down based on the parity of |wexp|
		WriteUnsigned(MantissaBitWidth, Mantissa)
		
		-- Write exponent
		local MaxExp = (2^(ExponentBitWidth-1))-1
		if Exponent > MaxExp then
			Exponent = MaxExp
		end
		if Exponent < -MaxExp then
			Exponent = -MaxExp
		end
		WriteSigned(ExponentBitWidth , Exponent)
	end
	
	local function ReadFloat(MantissaBitWidth,ExponentBitWidth)
		--Code adopted from Stravant
		
		-- Read sign
		local Sign = 1
		if ReadBits(1) == "1" then
			Sign = -1
		end
		
		-- Read mantissa
		local Mantissa = ReadUnsigned(MantissaBitWidth)
		
		-- Read exponent
		local Exponent = ReadSigned(ExponentBitWidth)
		if Exponent == 0 and Mantissa == 0 then
			return 0
		end
		
		-- Convert mantissa
		Mantissa = Mantissa / (2^MantissaBitWidth) * 0.5 + 0.5
		
		-- Output
		return Sign * ldexp(Mantissa, Exponent)
	end
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	function Buffer:WriteUnsigned(BitWidth,Number)
		if not BitWidth then error("No BitWidth given.") return end
		if not Number then error("No Number given.") return end
		if Number < 0 then error("Number is signed.") return end
		if (2 ^ BitWidth) - 1 < Number then error("Number does not fit in BitWidth.") return end
		if floor(Number) ~= Number then error("Number is not an integer.") return end
		
		WriteUnsigned(BitWidth,Number)
	end
	
	function Buffer:WriteSigned(BitWidth,Number)
		if not BitWidth then error("No BitWidth given.") return end
		if not Number then error("No Number given.") return end
		if (2 ^ (BitWidth - 1)) - 1 < abs(Number) then error("Number does not fit in BitWidth.") return end
		if floor(Number) ~= Number then error("Number is not an integer.") return end
		
		WriteSigned(BitWidth,Number)
	end
	
	function Buffer:WriteBool(Value)
		if Value ~= true and Value ~= false then error("Value is not a bool") return end
		WriteBits(Value == true and "1" or "0")
	end
	
	function Buffer:WriteString(String)
		if not String then error("No String given.") return end
		local BitWidth = 7
		for i = 1, #String do
			if byte(sub(String, i, i)) > 127 then
				BitWidth = 8
				break
			end
		end
		
		if BitWidth == 7 then
			WriteBits("0")
		else
			WriteBits("1")
		end
		
		for i = 1, #String do
			local Character = byte(sub(String, i, i))
			if Character == NullCharacter then
				WriteUnsigned(BitWidth,NullCharacter)
				WriteBits("1")
			else
				WriteUnsigned(BitWidth,Character)
			end
		end
		
		WriteUnsigned(BitWidth,NullCharacter)
		WriteBits("0")
	end
	
	local log10of2 = log10(2)
	local function NeededBits(Num)
		return ceil(log10(Num + 1)/log10of2)
	end
	
	function Buffer:WriteUnicodeString(String)
		if not String then error("No String given.") return end
		local BitWidth = 0
		for i = 1, #String do
			local NeededBitLength = NeededBits(byte(sub(String, i, i)))
			if NeededBitLength > BitWidth then
				BitWidth = NeededBitLength
			end
		end
		
		WriteUnsigned(5,BitWidth)
		
		for i = 1, #String do
			local Character = byte(sub(String, i, i))
			if Character == NullCharacter then
				WriteUnsigned(BitWidth,NullCharacter)
				WriteBits("1")
			else
				WriteUnsigned(BitWidth,Character)
			end
		end
		
		WriteUnsigned(BitWidth,NullCharacter)
		WriteBits("0")
	end
	
	function Buffer:WriteFloat(MantissaBitWidth,ExponentBitWidth,Float)
		if not MantissaBitWidth then error("No MantissaBitWidth given.") return end
		if not ExponentBitWidth then error("No ExponentBitWidth given.") return end
		if not Float then error("No Float given.") return end
		
		WriteFloat(MantissaBitWidth,ExponentBitWidth,Float)
	end
	
	function Buffer:WriteFloat32(Float)
		WriteFloat(23, 8, Float)
	end
	
	function Buffer:WriteFloat64(Float)
		WriteFloat(52, 11, Float)
	end
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	function Buffer:ReadUnsigned(BitWidth)
		if not BitWidth then error("No BitWidth given.") return end
		
		return ReadUnsigned(BitWidth)
	end
	
	function Buffer:ReadSigned(BitWidth)
		if not BitWidth then error("No BitWidth given.") return end
		
		return ReadSigned(BitWidth)
	end
	
	function Buffer:ReadBool(Value)
		return (ReadBits(1) == "1" and true or false)
	end
	
	function Buffer:ReadString()
		local BitWidth = (ReadBits(1) == "1" and 8 or 7)
		local String = ""
		while true do
			local NextCharacter = ReadUnsigned(BitWidth)
			
			if NextCharacter == NullCharacter then
				local Next = ReadBits(1)
				if Next == "0" then
					break
				end
			end
			String = String..char(NextCharacter)
			
		end
		
		return String
	end
	
	function Buffer:ReadUnicodeString()
		local BitWidth = ReadUnsigned(5)
		local String = ""
		while true do
			local NextCharacter = ReadUnsigned(BitWidth)
			if NextCharacter == NullCharacter then
				local Next = ReadBits(1)
				if Next == "0" then
					break
				end
			end
			String = String..char(NextCharacter)
		end
		
		return String
	end
	
	function Buffer:ReadFloat(MantissaBitWidth,ExponentBitWidth)
		if not MantissaBitWidth then error("No MantissaBitWidth given.") return end
		if not ExponentBitWidth then error("No ExponentBitWidth given.") return end
		
		return ReadFloat(MantissaBitWidth,ExponentBitWidth)
	end
	
	function Buffer:ReadFloat32()
		return ReadFloat(23, 8)
	end
	
	function Buffer:ReadFloat64()
		return ReadFloat(52, 11)
	end
	
	
	
	
	local function round(n)
		return floor(n + 0.5)
	end
	
	function Buffer:WriteRotation(CF)
		--Code adopted from Stravant
		local LookVector = CF.lookVector
		local LookX,LookZ = LookVector.X,LookVector.Z
		local Azumith = atan2(-LookX, -LookZ)
		local YBase = (LookX^2 + LookZ^2)^0.5
		local Elevation = atan2(LookVector.Y, YBase)
		--local WithoutRoll = CFramenew(CF.p) * CFrameAngles(0, Azumith, 0) * CFrameAngles(Elevation, 0, 0)
		local WithoutRoll = CFrameAngles(0, Azumith, 0) * CFrameAngles(Elevation, 0, 0)
		local X, Y, Z = (WithoutRoll:inverse()*CF):toEulerAnglesXYZ()
		local Roll = Z
		
		Azumith   = round((Azumith   /  pi   ) * (2^21-1))
		Roll      = round((Roll      /  pi   ) * (2^20-1))
		Elevation = round((Elevation / (pi/2)) * (2^20-1))
		
		WriteSigned(22,Azumith)
		WriteSigned(21,Roll)
		WriteSigned(21,Elevation)
	end
	
	function Buffer:ReadRotation()
		--Code adopted from Stravant
		local Azumith   = ReadSigned(22)
		local Roll      = ReadSigned(21)
		local Elevation = ReadSigned(21)
		
		Azumith =    pi    * (Azumith / (2^21-1))
		Roll =       pi    * (Roll    / (2^20-1))
		Elevation = (pi/2) * (Elevation / (2^20-1))
		
		local Rot = CFrameAngles(0, Azumith, 0)
		Rot = Rot * CFrameAngles(Elevation, 0, 0)
		Rot = Rot * CFrameAngles(0, 0, Roll)
		
		return Rot
	end
	
	
	
	local Base64Characters = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/"
	
	function Buffer:ToBase64()
		--Code adopted from Stravant
		local Power,Accumulate = 0,0
		local Base64 = ""
		for Spot = 1, ceil(len(BinaryString)/6) * 6 do
			Accumulate = Accumulate + (2^Power)*(sub(BinaryString,Spot,Spot) == "1" and 1 or 0)
			Power = Power + 1
			if Power >= 6 then
				Base64 = Base64..sub(Base64Characters,Accumulate + 1,Accumulate + 1)
				Accumulate = 0
				Power = 0
			end
		end
		return Base64
	end
	
	function Buffer:FromBase64(Base64)
		--Code adopted from Stravant
		Reset()
		for Spot = 1, #Base64 do
			local Character = find(Base64Characters,sub(Base64,Spot,Spot)) - 1
			for i = 1, 6 do
				Pointer = Pointer + 1
				BinaryString = BinaryString..(Character % 2)
				Character = floor(Character / 2)
			end
		end
		ResetPtr()
	end
	
	function Buffer:ToString()
		--Code adopted from Stravant
		local Power,Accumulate = 0,0
		local String = ""
		for Spot = 1, ceil(len(BinaryString)/6) * 6 do
			Accumulate = Accumulate + (2^Power)*(sub(BinaryString,Spot,Spot) == "1" and 1 or 0)
			Power = Power + 1
			if Power >= 8 then
				String = String..char(Accumulate)
				Accumulate = 0
				Power = 0
			end
		end
		return String
	end
	
	function Buffer:FromString(String)
		--Code adopted from Stravant
		Reset()
		for Spot = 1, #String do
			local Character = byte(sub(String,Spot,Spot))
			for i = 1, 8 do
				Pointer = Pointer + 1
				BinaryString = BinaryString..(Character % 2)
				Character = floor(Character / 2)
			end
		end
		ResetPtr()
	end
	
	function Buffer:Reset()
		Reset()
	end
	
	function Buffer:ResetPtr()
		ResetPtr()
	end

	function Buffer:Destroy()
		Buffer = nil
	end

	return Buffer
end



return Module

SlowBitBuffer.lua

--[[

==========================================================================
==									API								 ==

Constructor: BitBuffer.Create()

Read/Write pairs for reading data from or writing data to the BitBuffer:
	BitBuffer:WriteUnsigned(bitWidth, value)
	BitBuffer:ReadUnsigned(bitWidth)
		Read / Write an unsigned value with a given number of bits. The
		value must be a positive integer. For instance, if bitWidth is
		4, then there will be 4 magnitude bits, for a value in the
		range [0, 2^4-1] = [0, 15]

	BitBuffer:WriteSigned(bitWidth, value)
	BitBuffer:ReadSigned(bitWidth)
		Read / Write a a signed value with a given number of bits. For
		instance, if bitWidth is 4 then there will be 1 sign bit and
		3 magnitude bits, a value in the range [-2^3+1, 2^3-1] = [-7, 7]

	BitBuffer:WriteFloat(mantissaBitWidth, exponentBitWidth, value)
	BitBuffer:ReadFloat(mantissaBitWidth, exponentBitWidth)
		Read / Write a floating point number with a given mantissa and
		exponent size in bits.

	BitBuffer:WriteFloat32(value)
	BitBuffer:ReadFloat32()
	BitBuffer:WriteFloat64(value)
	BitBuffer:ReadFloat64()
		Read and write the common types of floating point number that
		are used in code. If you want to 100% accurately save an
		arbitrary Lua number, then you should use the Float64 format. If
		your number is known to be smaller, or you want to save space
		and don't need super high precision, then a Float32 will often
		suffice. For instance, the Transparency of an object will do
		just fine as a Float32.

	BitBuffer:WriteBool(value)
	BitBuffer:ReadBool()
		Read / Write a boolean (true / false) value. Takes one bit worth
		of space to store.

	BitBuffer:WriteString(str)
	BitBuffer:ReadString()
		Read / Write a variable length string. The string may contain
		embedded nulls. Only 7 bits / character will be used if the
		string contains no non-printable characters (greater than 0x80).

	BitBuffer:WriteBrickColor(color)
	BitBuffer:ReadBrickColor()
		Read / Write a roblox BrickColor. Provided as an example of
		reading / writing a derived data type.

	BitBuffer:WriteRotation(cframe)
	BitBuffer:ReadRotation()
		Read / Write the rotation part of a given CFrame. Encodes the
		rotation in question into 64bits, which is a good size to get
		a pretty dense packing, but still while having errors well within
		the threshold that Roblox uses for stuff like MakeJoints()
		detecting adjacency. Will also perfectly reproduce rotations which
		are orthagonally aligned, or inverse-power-of-two rotated on only
		a single axix. For other rotations, the results may not be
		perfectly stable through read-write cycles (if you read/write an
		arbitrary rotation thousands of times there may be detectable
		"drift")

From/To pairs for dumping out the BitBuffer to another format:
	BitBuffer:ToString()
	BitBuffer:FromString(str)
		Will replace / dump out the contents of the buffer to / from
		a binary chunk encoded as a Lua string. This string is NOT
		suitable for storage in the Roblox DataStores, as they do
		not handle non-printable characters well.

	BitBuffer:ToBase64()
	BitBuffer:FromBase64(str)
		Will replace / dump out the contents of the buffer to / from
		a set of Base64 encoded data, as a Lua string. This string
		only consists of Base64 printable characters, so it is
		ideal for storage in Roblox DataStores.

	BitBuffer:ToBase128()
	BitBuffer:FromBase128(str)
		Defaultio added this function. 128 characters can all be written
		to DataStores, so this function packs more tightly than saving
		in only 64 bit strings. Full disclosure: I have no idea what I'm
		doing but I think this is useful.

Buffer / Position Manipulation
	BitBuffer:ResetPtr()
		Will Reset the point in the buffer that is being read / written
		to back to the start of the buffer.

	BitBuffer:Reset()
		Will reset the buffer to a clean state, with no contents.

Example Usage:
	local function SaveToBuffer(buffer, userData)
		buffer:WriteString(userData.HeroName)
		buffer:WriteUnsigned(14, userData.Score) --> 14 bits -> [0, 2^14-1] -> [0, 16383]
		buffer:WriteBool(userData.HasDoneSomething)
		buffer:WriteUnsigned(10, #userData.ItemList) --> [0, 1023]
		for _, itemInfo in pairs(userData.ItemList) do
			buffer:WriteString(itemInfo.Identifier)
			buffer:WriteUnsigned(10, itemInfo.Count) --> [0, 1023]
		end
	end
	local function LoadFromBuffer(buffer, userData)
		userData.HeroName = buffer:ReadString()
		userData.Score = buffer:ReadUnsigned(14)
		userData.HasDoneSomething = buffer:ReadBool()
		local itemCount = buffer:ReadUnsigned(10)
		for i = 1, itemCount do
			local itemInfo = {}
			itemInfo.Identifier = buffer:ReadString()
			itemInfo.Count = buffer:ReadUnsigned(10)
			table.insert(userData.ItemList, itemInfo)
		end
	end
	--...
	local buff = BitBuffer.Create()
	SaveToBuffer(buff, someUserData)
	myDataStore:SetAsync(somePlayer.userId, buff:ToBase64())
	--...
	local data = myDataStore:GetAsync(somePlayer.userId)
	local buff = BitBuffer.Create()
	buff:FromBase64(data)
	LoadFromBuffer(buff, someUserData)
--]]

local BitBuffer = {
	ClassName = "BitBuffer";
	__tostring = function(self) return self.ClassName end;
} BitBuffer.__index = BitBuffer

local NumberToBase64, Base64ToNumber = {}, {} do
	local chars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/"
	for i = 1, #chars do
		local ch = string.sub(chars, i, i)
		NumberToBase64[i - 1] = ch
		Base64ToNumber[ch] = i - 1
	end
end

local NumberToBase128, Base128ToNumber = {}, {} do -- edit
	local chars = ""
	for i = 0, 127 do chars = chars .. string.char(i) end

	for i = 1, #chars do
		local ch = string.sub(chars, i, i)
		NumberToBase128[i - 1] = ch
		Base128ToNumber[ch] = i - 1
	end
end --/edit

local PowerOfTwo = setmetatable({}, {
	__index = function(self, Index)
		local Value = 2 ^ Index
		self[Index] = Value
		return Value
	end;
})

for Index = 0, 128 do local _ = PowerOfTwo[Index] end

local BrickColorToNumber, NumberToBrickColor = {}, {} do
	for Index = 0, 63 do
		local Color = BrickColor.palette(Index)
		BrickColorToNumber[Color.Number] = Index
		NumberToBrickColor[Index] = Color
	end
end

local digits = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"

local function ToBase(n, b)
	n = n - n % 1
	if not b or b == 10 then return tostring(n) end
	local t = {}
	local sign = ""
	if n < 0 then
		sign = "-"
		n = -n
	end

	repeat
		local d = (n % b) + 1
		n = n / b n = n - n % 1
		table.insert(t, 1, string.sub(digits, d, d))
	until n == 0

	return sign .. table.concat(t, "")
end

function BitBuffer.new()
	return setmetatable({
		mBitPtr = 0;
		mBitBuffer = {};
		mDebug = false;
	}, BitBuffer)
end

function BitBuffer:ResetPtr()
	self.mBitPtr = 0
end

function BitBuffer:Reset()
	self.mBitBuffer = {}
	self.mBitPtr = 0
end

function BitBuffer:SetDebug(state) self.mDebug = state end

function BitBuffer:FromString(str)
	assert(type(str) == "string", string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::FromString (string expected, instead got %s)", typeof(str)))
	self:Reset()
	for i in string.gmatch(str, ".") do
		local ch = string.byte(i)
		for _ = 1, 8 do
			self.mBitPtr = self.mBitPtr + 1
			self.mBitBuffer[self.mBitPtr] = ch % 2
			ch = ch / 2 ch = ch - ch % 1
		end
	end

	self.mBitPtr = 0
end

function BitBuffer:ToString()
	local str = ""
	local accum = 0
	local pow = 0
	for i = 1, math.ceil(#self.mBitBuffer / 8) * 8 do
		accum = accum + PowerOfTwo[pow] * (self.mBitBuffer[i] or 0)
		pow = pow + 1
		if pow >= 8 then
			str = str .. string.char(accum)
			accum = 0
			pow = 0
		end
	end

	return str
end

-- Read / Write to base64
function BitBuffer:FromBase64(str)
	assert(type(str) == "string", string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::FromBase64 (string expected, instead got %s)", typeof(str)))
	self:Reset()
	for i in string.gmatch(str, ".") do
		local ch = Base64ToNumber[i]
		assert(ch, "Bad character: 0x" .. ToBase(string.byte(i), 16))
		for _ = 1, 6 do
			self.mBitPtr = self.mBitPtr + 1
			self.mBitBuffer[self.mBitPtr] = ch % 2
			ch = ch / 2 ch = ch - ch % 1
		end

		assert(ch == 0, "Character value 0x" .. ToBase(Base64ToNumber[i], 16) .. " too large")
	end

	self:ResetPtr()
end

function BitBuffer:ToBase64()
	local strtab = {}
	local length = 0
	local accum = 0
	local pow = 0
	for i = 1, math.ceil(#self.mBitBuffer / 6) * 6 do
		accum = accum + PowerOfTwo[pow] * (self.mBitBuffer[i] or 0)
		pow = pow + 1
		if pow >= 6 then
			length = length + 1
			strtab[length] = NumberToBase64[accum]
			accum = 0
			pow = 0
		end
	end

	return table.concat(strtab)
end

-- Read / Write to base128 -- edit
function BitBuffer:FromBase128(str)
	assert(type(str) == "string", string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::FromBase128 (string expected, instead got %s)", typeof(str)))
	self:Reset()
	for i in string.gmatch(str, ".") do
		local ch = Base128ToNumber[i]
		assert(ch, "Bad character: 0x" .. ToBase(string.byte(i), 16))
		for _ = 1, 7 do
			self.mBitPtr = self.mBitPtr + 1
			self.mBitBuffer[self.mBitPtr] = ch % 2
			ch = ch / 2 ch = ch - ch % 1
		end
		assert(ch == 0, "Character value 0x" .. ToBase(Base128ToNumber[i], 16) .. " too large")
	end

	self:ResetPtr()
end

function BitBuffer:ToBase128()
	local strtab = {}
	local length = 0
	local accum = 0
	local pow = 0

	for i = 1, math.ceil(#self.mBitBuffer / 7) * 7 do
		accum = accum + PowerOfTwo[pow] * (self.mBitBuffer[i] or 0)
		pow = pow + 1
		if pow >= 7 then
			length = length + 1
			strtab[length] = NumberToBase128[accum]
			accum = 0
			pow = 0
		end
	end

	return table.concat(strtab)
end	-- /edit

-- Dump
function BitBuffer:Dump()
	local str = ""
	local str2 = ""
	local accum = 0
	local pow = 0

	for i = 1, math.ceil(#self.mBitBuffer / 8) * 8 do
		str2 = str2 .. (self.mBitBuffer[i] or 0)
		accum = accum + PowerOfTwo[pow] * (self.mBitBuffer[i] or 0)
		pow = pow + 1

		if pow >= 8 then
			str2 = str2 .. " "
			str = str .. "0x" .. ToBase(accum, 16) .. " "
			accum = 0
			pow = 0
		end
	end

	print("Bytes:", str)
	print("Bits:", str2)
end

function BitBuffer:_writeBit(v)
	self.mBitPtr = self.mBitPtr + 1
	self.mBitBuffer[self.mBitPtr] = v
end

function BitBuffer:_readBit()
	self.mBitPtr = self.mBitPtr + 1
	return self.mBitBuffer[self.mBitPtr]
end

function BitBuffer:WriteUnsigned(w, value, printoff)
	assert(w, "Bad arguments to BitBuffer::WriteUnsigned (Missing BitWidth)")
	assert(value, "Bad arguments to BitBuffer::WriteUnsigned (Missing Value)")
	assert(value >= 0, "Negative value to BitBuffer::WriteUnsigned")
	assert(value % 1 == 0, "Non-integer value to BitBuffer::WriteUnsigned")
	if self.mDebug and not printoff then print("WriteUnsigned[" .. w .. "]:", value) end

	-- Store LSB first
	for _ = 1, w do
		self:_writeBit(value % 2)
		value = value / 2 value = value - value % 1
	end

	assert(value == 0, "Value " .. tostring(value) .. " has width greater than " .. w .. "bits")
end

function BitBuffer:ReadUnsigned(w, printoff)
	local value = 0
	for i = 1, w do value = value + self:_readBit() * PowerOfTwo[i - 1] end
	if self.mDebug and not printoff then print("ReadUnsigned[" .. w .. "]:", value) end
	return value
end

-- Read / Write a signed number
function BitBuffer:WriteSigned(w, value)
	assert(w and value, "Bad arguments to BitBuffer::WriteSigned (Did you forget a bitWidth?)")
	assert(value % 1 == 0, "Non-integer value to BitBuffer::WriteSigned")
	if self.mDebug then print("WriteSigned[" .. w .. "]:", value) end

	-- Write sign
	if value < 0 then
		self:_writeBit(1)
		value = 0 - value
	else
		self:_writeBit(0)
	end

	self:WriteUnsigned(w - 1, value, true)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadSigned(w)
	local sign = (-1) ^ self:_readBit()
	local value = self:ReadUnsigned(w - 1, true)
	if self.mDebug then print("ReadSigned[" .. w .. "]:", sign * value) end
	return sign * value
end

-- Read / Write a string. May contain embedded nulls (string.char(0))
function BitBuffer:WriteString(s)
	assert(type(s) == "string", string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteString (string expected, instead got %s)", typeof(s)))
	-- First check if it's a 7 or 8 bit width of string
	local bitWidth = 7
	for character in string.gmatch(s, ".") do
		if string.byte(character) > 127 then
			bitWidth = 8
			break
		end
	end

	-- Write the bit width flag
	if bitWidth == 7 then
		self:WriteBool(false)
	else
		self:WriteBool(true) -- wide chars
	end

	-- Now write out the string, terminated with "0x10, 0b0"
	-- 0x10 is encoded as "0x10, 0b1"
	for i in string.gmatch(s, ".") do
		local ch = string.byte(i)
		if ch == 0x10 then
			self:WriteUnsigned(bitWidth, 0x10)
			self:WriteBool(true)
		else
			self:WriteUnsigned(bitWidth, ch)
		end
	end

	-- Write terminator
	self:WriteUnsigned(bitWidth, 0x10)
	self:WriteBool(false)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadString()
	-- Get bit width
	local bitWidth = self:ReadBool() and 8 or 7

	-- Loop
	local str = ""
	while true do
		local ch = self:ReadUnsigned(bitWidth)
		if ch == 0x10 then
			local flag = self:ReadBool()
			if flag then
				str = str .. string.char(0x10)
			else
				break
			end
		else
			str = str .. string.char(ch)
		end
	end

	return str
end

-- Read / Write a bool
function BitBuffer:WriteBool(v)
	assert(type(v) == "boolean", string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteBool (boolean expected, instead got %s)", typeof(v)))
	if self.mDebug then print("WriteBool[1]:", v and "1" or "0") end

	if v then
		self:WriteUnsigned(1, 1, true)
	else
		self:WriteUnsigned(1, 0, true)
	end
end

function BitBuffer:ReadBool()
	local v = self:ReadUnsigned(1, true) == 1
	if self.mDebug then print("ReadBool[1]:", v and "1" or "0") end
	return v
end

-- Read / Write a floating point number with |wfrac| fraction part
-- bits, |wexp| exponent part bits, and one sign bit.
function BitBuffer:WriteFloat(wfrac, wexp, f)
	assert(wfrac and wexp and f)

	-- Sign
	local sign = 1
	if f < 0 then
		f = 0 - f
		sign = -1
	end

	-- Decompose
	local mantissa, exponent = math.frexp(f)
	if exponent == 0 and mantissa == 0 then
		self:WriteUnsigned(wfrac + wexp + 1, 0)
		return
	else
		mantissa = ((mantissa - 0.5) / 0.5 * PowerOfTwo[wfrac])
	end

	-- Write sign
	if sign == -1 then
		self:WriteBool(true)
	else
		self:WriteBool(false)
	end

	-- Write mantissa
	mantissa = mantissa + 0.5 mantissa = mantissa - mantissa % 1 -- Not really correct, should round up/down based on the parity of |wexp|
	self:WriteUnsigned(wfrac, mantissa)

	-- Write exponent
	local maxExp = PowerOfTwo[wexp - 1] - 1
	if exponent > maxExp then exponent = maxExp end
	if exponent < -maxExp then exponent = -maxExp end
	self:WriteSigned(wexp, exponent)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadFloat(wfrac, wexp)
	assert(wfrac and wexp)
	local sign = self:ReadBool() and -1 or 1
	local mantissa = self:ReadUnsigned(wfrac)
	local exponent = self:ReadSigned(wexp)
	if exponent == 0 and mantissa == 0 then return 0 end

	mantissa = mantissa / PowerOfTwo[wfrac] / 2 + 0.5
	return sign * math.ldexp(mantissa, exponent)
end

-- Read / Write single precision floating point
function BitBuffer:WriteFloat32(f)
	self:WriteFloat(23, 8, f)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadFloat32()
	return self:ReadFloat(23, 8)
end

-- Read / Write double precision floating point
function BitBuffer:WriteFloat64(f)
	self:WriteFloat(52, 11, f)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadFloat64()
	return self:ReadFloat(52, 11)
end

-- Read / Write a BrickColor
function BitBuffer:WriteBrickColor(b)
	assert(typeof(b) == "BrickColor", string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteBrickColor (BrickColor expected, instead got %s)", typeof(b)))
	local pnum = BrickColorToNumber[b.Number]
	if not pnum then
		warn("Attempt to serialize non-pallete BrickColor `" .. tostring(b) .. "` (#" .. b.Number .. "), using Light Stone Grey instead.")
		pnum = BrickColorToNumber[1032]
	end

	self:WriteUnsigned(6, pnum)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadBrickColor()
	return NumberToBrickColor[self:ReadUnsigned(6)]
end

function BitBuffer:WriteRotation(cf)
	assert(typeof(cf) == "CFrame", string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteRotation (CFrame expected, instead got %s)", typeof(cf)))
	local lookVector = cf.LookVector
	local azumith = math.atan2(-lookVector.X, -lookVector.Z)
	local ybase = math.sqrt(lookVector.X * lookVector.X + lookVector.Z * lookVector.Z)
	local elevation = math.atan2(lookVector.Y, ybase)
	local withoutRoll = CFrame.new(cf.Position) * CFrame.Angles(0, azumith, 0) * CFrame.Angles(elevation, 0, 0)
	local _, _, roll = (withoutRoll:Inverse() * cf):ToEulerAnglesXYZ()

	-- Atan2 -> in the range [-pi, pi]
	azumith = math.floor(((azumith / 3.141592653589793115997963468544185161590576171875) * (PowerOfTwo[21] - 1)) + 0.5)
	roll = math.floor(((roll / 3.141592653589793115997963468544185161590576171875) * (PowerOfTwo[20] - 1)) + 0.5)
	elevation = math.floor(((elevation / 1.5707963267948965579989817342720925807952880859375) * (PowerOfTwo[20] - 1)) + 0.5)

	self:WriteSigned(22, azumith)
	self:WriteSigned(21, roll)
	self:WriteSigned(21, elevation)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadRotation()
	local azumith = self:ReadSigned(22)
	local roll = self:ReadSigned(21)
	local elevation = self:ReadSigned(21)

	azumith = 3.141592653589793115997963468544185161590576171875 * (azumith / (PowerOfTwo[21] - 1))
	roll = 3.141592653589793115997963468544185161590576171875 * (roll / (PowerOfTwo[20] - 1))
	elevation = 1.5707963267948965579989817342720925807952880859375 * (elevation / (PowerOfTwo[20] - 1))

	local rot = CFrame.Angles(0, azumith, 0)
	rot = rot * CFrame.Angles(elevation, 0, 0)
	rot = rot * CFrame.Angles(0, 0, roll)

	return rot
end

function BitBuffer:WriteColor3(Color)
	assert(typeof(Color) == "Color3", string.format("bad argument #1 in BitBuffer::WriteColor3 (Color3 expected, instead got %s)", typeof(Color)))
	local R, G, B = Color.R * 255, Color.G * 255, Color.B * 255
	R, G, B = math.floor(R), math.floor(G), math.floor(B)

	self:WriteUnsigned(8, R)
	self:WriteUnsigned(8, G)
	self:WriteUnsigned(8, B)
end

function BitBuffer:ReadColor3()
	return Color3.fromRGB(self:ReadUnsigned(8), self:ReadUnsigned(8), self:ReadUnsigned(8))
end

function BitBuffer:Destroy()
	setmetatable(self, nil)
end

return BitBuffer

FastBitBuffer vs SlowBitBuffer:

local Workspace = game:GetService("Workspace")
local BitBuffer = require(Workspace.SlowBuffer:Clone())
local FastBuffer = require(Workspace.FastBuffer:Clone())

local UserData = {
	Unsigned = 10;
	Signed = -12;
	String = "Hello world";
	Bool = true;
	Float32 = 0.42314;
	Float64 = 0.54372583468;
	BrickColor = BrickColor.new("Dark green");
	Rotation = Workspace.Baseplate.CFrame;
	Color3 = Workspace.Baseplate.Color;
}

local function SaveToBuffer(Buffer)
	Buffer:WriteUnsigned(4, UserData.Unsigned)
	Buffer:WriteSigned(6, UserData.Signed)
	Buffer:WriteString(UserData.String)
	Buffer:WriteBool(UserData.Bool)
	Buffer:WriteFloat32(UserData.Float32)
	Buffer:WriteFloat64(UserData.Float64)
	Buffer:WriteBrickColor(UserData.BrickColor)
	Buffer:WriteRotation(UserData.Rotation)
	Buffer:WriteColor3(UserData.Color3)
end

local function LoadFromBuffer(Buffer)
	return{
		Unsigned = Buffer:ReadUnsigned(4);
		Signed = Buffer:ReadSigned(6);
		String = Buffer:ReadString();
		Bool = Buffer:ReadBool();
		Float32 = Buffer:ReadFloat32();
		Float64 = Buffer:ReadFloat64();
		BrickColor = Buffer:ReadBrickColor();
		Rotation = Buffer:ReadRotation();
		Color3 = Buffer:ReadColor3();
	}
end

local Functions = {}

Functions["BitBuffer"] = function()
	local Base64 = (function()
		local Buffer = BitBuffer.new()
		SaveToBuffer(Buffer)
		local Base64 = Buffer:ToBase64()
		Buffer:Destroy()
		return Base64
	end)()

	local NewData = (function()
		local Buffer = BitBuffer.new()
		Buffer:FromBase64(Base64)
		local NewData = LoadFromBuffer(Buffer)
		Buffer:Destroy()
		return NewData
	end)()

	return Base64, NewData
end

Functions["FastBuffer"] = function()
	local Base64 = (function()
		local Buffer = FastBuffer.new()
		SaveToBuffer(Buffer)
		local Base64 = Buffer:ToBase64()
		Buffer:Destroy()
		return Base64
	end)()

	local NewData = (function()
		local Buffer = FastBuffer.new()
		Buffer:FromBase64(Base64)
		local NewData = LoadFromBuffer(Buffer)
		Buffer:Destroy()
		return NewData
	end)()

	return Base64, NewData
end

require(2110831719).new(1, "FastBitBuffer vs SlowBitBuffer", Functions)

FastBitBuffer vs NexusAvenger BitBuffer:

local Workspace = game:GetService("Workspace")
local BitBuffer = require(Workspace.BitBuffer:Clone())
local FastBuffer = require(Workspace.FastBuffer:Clone())

local UserData = {
	Unsigned = 10;
	Signed = -12;
	String = "Hello world";
	Bool = true;
	Float32 = 0.42314;
	Float64 = 0.54372583468;
--	BrickColor = BrickColor.new("Dark green");
	Rotation = Workspace.Baseplate.CFrame;
--	Color3 = Workspace.Baseplate.Color;
}

local function SaveToBuffer(Buffer)
	Buffer:WriteUnsigned(4, UserData.Unsigned)
	Buffer:WriteSigned(6, UserData.Signed)
	Buffer:WriteString(UserData.String)
	Buffer:WriteBool(UserData.Bool)
	Buffer:WriteFloat32(UserData.Float32)
	Buffer:WriteFloat64(UserData.Float64)
--	Buffer:WriteBrickColor(UserData.BrickColor)
	Buffer:WriteRotation(UserData.Rotation)
--	Buffer:WriteColor3(UserData.Color3)
end

local function LoadFromBuffer(Buffer)
	return{
		Unsigned = Buffer:ReadUnsigned(4);
		Signed = Buffer:ReadSigned(6);
		String = Buffer:ReadString();
		Bool = Buffer:ReadBool();
		Float32 = Buffer:ReadFloat32();
		Float64 = Buffer:ReadFloat64();
--		BrickColor = Buffer:ReadBrickColor();
		Rotation = Buffer:ReadRotation();
--		Color3 = Buffer:ReadColor3();
	}
end

local Functions = {}

Functions["BitBuffer"] = function()
	local Base64 = (function()
		local Buffer = BitBuffer.new()
		SaveToBuffer(Buffer)
		local Base64 = Buffer:ToBase64()
		Buffer:Destroy()
		return Base64
	end)()

	local NewData = (function()
		local Buffer = BitBuffer.new()
		Buffer:FromBase64(Base64)
		local NewData = LoadFromBuffer(Buffer)
		Buffer:Destroy()
		return NewData
	end)()

	return Base64, NewData
end

Functions["FastBuffer"] = function()
	local Base64 = (function()
		local Buffer = FastBuffer.new()
		SaveToBuffer(Buffer)
		local Base64 = Buffer:ToBase64()
		Buffer:Destroy()
		return Base64
	end)()

	local NewData = (function()
		local Buffer = FastBuffer.new()
		Buffer:FromBase64(Base64)
		local NewData = LoadFromBuffer(Buffer)
		Buffer:Destroy()
		return NewData
	end)()

	return Base64, NewData
end

require(2110831719).new(1, "FastBitBuffer vs NexusAvenger BitBuffer", Functions)

Check the new repo instead of this.