A short script to demonstrate object-oriented programming (OOP) in clinical practice

patient_oop.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# title: patient_oop
# description: A short script to demonstrate object-oriented programming (OOP) in clinical practice
# date: "2024-02-29"
# author: Hsieh-Ting Lin, the Lizard 🦎


class Patient:
    def __init__(self, age, sex, comorbidities, history, treatments, current_admission):
        self.age = age
        self.sex = sex
        self.comorbidities = comorbidities
        self.history = history
        self.treatments = treatments
        self.current_admission = current_admission
        self.symptoms = []
        self.PET_CT = {}
        self.post_treatment_symptoms = []
        self.current_symptoms = {}
        self.recent_symptom_absence = {}

    def add_symptom(self, date, description, location=None, size=None, diagnosis=None):
        symptom = {
            "date": date,
            "description": description,
            "location": location,
            "size": size,
            "diagnosis": diagnosis,
        }
        self.symptoms.append(symptom)

    def set_PET_CT(self, date, findings):
        self.PET_CT = {"date": date, "findings": findings}

    def add_post_treatment_symptom(
        self,
        treatment,
        date,
        symptoms,
        duration=None,
        outcome=None,
        treatment_received=None,
    ):
        post_treatment_symptom = {
            "treatment": treatment,
            "date": date,
            "symptoms": symptoms,
            "duration": duration,
            "outcome": outcome,
            "treatment_received": treatment_received,
        }
        self.post_treatment_symptoms.append(post_treatment_symptom)

    def set_current_symptoms(self, description, intensity, effect, pain_relief):
        self.current_symptoms = {
            "description": description,
            "intensity": intensity,
            "effect": effect,
            "pain_relief": pain_relief,
        }

    def set_recent_symptom_absence(self, duration, absent_symptoms):
        self.recent_symptom_absence = {
            "duration": duration,
            "absent_symptoms": absent_symptoms,
        }


# Example usage
patient = Patient(
    age=65,
    sex="Female",
    comorbidities=[
        "HTN",
        "gastric ulcer",
        "chronic H. pylori gastritis s/p eradication therapy but no test of clearance",
    ],
    history=[
        "zoster in 2024/01/28",
        "appendicitis s/p appendectomy c/w peritonitis",
        "stage III follicular lymphoma",
    ],
    treatments=[
        "excision of right neck level IIa lymphadenopathy on 2023/11/03",
        "R-CHOP*1 on 2024/01/09",
    ],
    current_admission="admitted for #2 R-CHOP",
)

# Adding symptoms
patient.add_symptom(
    date="2023-09",
    description="palpated a mass in right submandibular gland tumor 3*2.5 cm",
    location="right submandibular gland",
    size="3*2.5 cm",
)
patient.add_symptom(
    date="2023-10",
    description="right neck lymph node(level II) excisional biopsy revealed FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA, low-grade",
    diagnosis="FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA, low-grade",
)

# Setting PET CT
patient.set_PET_CT(
    date="2023-11-10",
    findings="abnormal focal increased uptake of FDG in the bilateral neck, axillary, left supraclavicular, gastrohepatic, left pelvic regions and liver",
)

# Adding post-treatment symptoms
patient.add_post_treatment_symptom(
    treatment="1st R-CHOP",
    date="2024-01-09",
    symptoms=["dizziness", "nausea"],
    duration="first few days",
    outcome="subsided spontaneously",
)
patient.add_post_treatment_symptom(
    date="2024-01-28",
    symptoms=[
        "skin rash over the left posterior neck and the great thenar of the left hand"
    ],
    treatment="Valacyclovir PO 500mg TID for 7 days, regular Wontran, PRN morphine for pain control",
)

# Setting current symptoms
patient.set_current_symptoms(
    description="left upper limb throbbing pain",
    intensity="6/10",
    effect="sometimes made her unable to fall asleep",
    pain_relief="decreased to 1-2/10 after tramadol",
)

# Setting recent symptom absence
patient.set_recent_symptom_absence(
    duration="past 1 week",
    absent_symptoms=[
        "fever",
        "chills",
        "dyspnea",
        "cough",
        "sputum",
        "abdominal pain",
        "diarrhea",
        "dyuria",
        "n/v",
        "frequency",
        "urgency",
        "flank pain",
        "headache",
    ],
)