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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt | |
import numpy as np | |
from scipy.stats import norm | |
from scipy.special import erfcinv | |
import optuna | |
def objective(trial): | |
# Suggest from U(0, 1) with Optuna. | |
x = trial.suggest_float("x", 0, 1) | |
# Inverse transform into normal. | |
y0 = norm.ppf(x, loc=0, scale=1) | |
# Inverse transform into lognormal. | |
y1 = np.exp(-np.sqrt(2) * erfcinv(2 * x)) | |
return y0, y1 | |
if __name__ == "__main__": | |
n_objectives = 2 # Normal and lognormal. | |
study = optuna.create_study( | |
sampler=optuna.samplers.RandomSampler(), | |
# Could be "maximize". Does not matter for this demonstration. | |
directions=["minimize"] * n_objectives, | |
) | |
study.optimize(objective, n_trials=10000) | |
fig, axs = plt.subplots(n_objectives) | |
for i in range(n_objectives): | |
axs[i].hist(list(t.values[i] for t in study.trials), bins=100) | |
plt.show() |
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Resulting plots.