Taken from: https://stackoverflow.com/a/7411851/12158779
In normal mode:
a
: append
b
: beginning (of current or previous word)
c
: change
d
: delete
e
: end (of current word)
f
: find (next given character on current line)
g
: go (used as "leader" for many commands)
h
: left (only makes sense on the keyboard used by vi's author, same for jkl)
i
: insert
j
: down
k
: up
l
: right
m
: mark
n
: next (occurrence of last search)
o
: open (new line below current line)
p
: put (paste)
q
: quote? (record a macro in given register)
r
: replace
s
: substitute
t
: toward (next given character on current line)
u
: undo
v
: (enter) visual mode
w
: (next) word
x
: x-out (delete a single character)
y
: yank
z
: fold (it's visual, it looks like a folded sheet of paper)