gist

#!/usr/bin/env ruby
# This is generated from https://github.com/defunkt/gist using 'rake standalone'
# any changes will be overwritten.
require 'net/https'
require 'cgi'
require 'uri'

begin
  require 'strscan'

module JSON
  module Pure
    # This class implements the JSON parser that is used to parse a JSON string
    # into a Ruby data structure.
    class Parser < StringScanner
      STRING                = /" ((?:[^\x0-\x1f"\\] |
                                   # escaped special characters:
                                  \\["\\\/bfnrt] |
                                  \\u[0-9a-fA-F]{4} |
                                   # match all but escaped special characters:
                                  \\[\x20-\x21\x23-\x2e\x30-\x5b\x5d-\x61\x63-\x65\x67-\x6d\x6f-\x71\x73\x75-\xff])*)
                              "/nx
      INTEGER               = /(-?0|-?[1-9]\d*)/
      FLOAT                 = /(-?
                                (?:0|[1-9]\d*)
                                (?:
                                  \.\d+(?i:e[+-]?\d+) |
                                  \.\d+ |
                                  (?i:e[+-]?\d+)
                                )
                                )/x
      NAN                   = /NaN/
      INFINITY              = /Infinity/
      MINUS_INFINITY        = /-Infinity/
      OBJECT_OPEN           = /\{/
      OBJECT_CLOSE          = /\}/
      ARRAY_OPEN            = /\[/
      ARRAY_CLOSE           = /\]/
      PAIR_DELIMITER        = /:/
      COLLECTION_DELIMITER  = /,/
      TRUE                  = /true/
      FALSE                 = /false/
      NULL                  = /null/
      IGNORE                = %r(
        (?:
         //[^\n\r]*[\n\r]| # line comments
         /\*               # c-style comments
         (?:
          [^*/]|        # normal chars
          /[^*]|        # slashes that do not start a nested comment
          \*[^/]|       # asterisks that do not end this comment
          /(?=\*/)      # single slash before this comment's end
         )*
           \*/               # the End of this comment
           |[ \t\r\n]+       # whitespaces: space, horicontal tab, lf, cr
        )+
      )mx

      UNPARSED = Object.new

      # Creates a new JSON::Pure::Parser instance for the string _source_.
      #
      # It will be configured by the _opts_ hash. _opts_ can have the following
      # keys:
      # * *max_nesting*: The maximum depth of nesting allowed in the parsed data
      #   structures. Disable depth checking with :max_nesting => false|nil|0,
      #   it defaults to 19.
      # * *allow_nan*: If set to true, allow NaN, Infinity and -Infinity in
      #   defiance of RFC 4627 to be parsed by the Parser. This option defaults
      #   to false.
      # * *symbolize_names*: If set to true, returns symbols for the names
      #   (keys) in a JSON object. Otherwise strings are returned, which is also
      #   the default.
      # * *create_additions*: If set to false, the Parser doesn't create
      #   additions even if a matchin class and create_id was found. This option
      #   defaults to true.
      # * *object_class*: Defaults to Hash
      # * *array_class*: Defaults to Array
      # * *quirks_mode*: Enables quirks_mode for parser, that is for example
      #   parsing single JSON values instead of documents is possible.
      def initialize(source, opts = {})
        opts ||= {}
        unless @quirks_mode = opts[:quirks_mode]
          source = convert_encoding source
        end
        super source
        if !opts.key?(:max_nesting) # defaults to 19
          @max_nesting = 19
        elsif opts[:max_nesting]
          @max_nesting = opts[:max_nesting]
        else
          @max_nesting = 0
        end
        @allow_nan = !!opts[:allow_nan]
        @symbolize_names = !!opts[:symbolize_names]
        if opts.key?(:create_additions)
          @create_additions = !!opts[:create_additions]
        else
          @create_additions = true
        end
        @create_id = @create_additions ? JSON.create_id : nil
        @object_class = opts[:object_class] || Hash
        @array_class  = opts[:array_class] || Array
        @match_string = opts[:match_string]
      end

      alias source string

      def quirks_mode?
        !!@quirks_mode
      end

      def reset
        super
        @current_nesting = 0
      end

      # Parses the current JSON string _source_ and returns the complete data
      # structure as a result.
      def parse
        reset
        obj = nil
        if @quirks_mode
          while !eos? && skip(IGNORE)
          end
          if eos?
            raise ParserError, "source did not contain any JSON!"
          else
            obj = parse_value
            obj == UNPARSED and raise ParserError, "source did not contain any JSON!"
          end
        else
          until eos?
            case
            when scan(OBJECT_OPEN)
              obj and raise ParserError, "source '#{peek(20)}' not in JSON!"
              @current_nesting = 1
              obj = parse_object
            when scan(ARRAY_OPEN)
              obj and raise ParserError, "source '#{peek(20)}' not in JSON!"
              @current_nesting = 1
              obj = parse_array
            when skip(IGNORE)
              ;
            else
              raise ParserError, "source '#{peek(20)}' not in JSON!"
            end
          end
          obj or raise ParserError, "source did not contain any JSON!"
        end
        obj
      end

      private

      def convert_encoding(source)
        if source.respond_to?(:to_str)
          source = source.to_str
        else
          raise TypeError, "#{source.inspect} is not like a string"
        end
        if defined?(::Encoding)
          if source.encoding == ::Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
            b = source[0, 4].bytes.to_a
            source =
              case
              when b.size >= 4 && b[0] == 0 && b[1] == 0 && b[2] == 0
                source.dup.force_encoding(::Encoding::UTF_32BE).encode!(::Encoding::UTF_8)
              when b.size >= 4 && b[0] == 0 && b[2] == 0
                source.dup.force_encoding(::Encoding::UTF_16BE).encode!(::Encoding::UTF_8)
              when b.size >= 4 && b[1] == 0 && b[2] == 0 && b[3] == 0
                source.dup.force_encoding(::Encoding::UTF_32LE).encode!(::Encoding::UTF_8)
              when b.size >= 4 && b[1] == 0 && b[3] == 0
                source.dup.force_encoding(::Encoding::UTF_16LE).encode!(::Encoding::UTF_8)
              else
                source.dup
              end
          else
            source = source.encode(::Encoding::UTF_8)
          end
          source.force_encoding(::Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
        else
          b = source
          source =
            case
            when b.size >= 4 && b[0] == 0 && b[1] == 0 && b[2] == 0
              JSON.iconv('utf-8', 'utf-32be', b)
            when b.size >= 4 && b[0] == 0 && b[2] == 0
              JSON.iconv('utf-8', 'utf-16be', b)
            when b.size >= 4 && b[1] == 0 && b[2] == 0 && b[3] == 0
              JSON.iconv('utf-8', 'utf-32le', b)
            when b.size >= 4 && b[1] == 0 && b[3] == 0
              JSON.iconv('utf-8', 'utf-16le', b)
            else
              b
            end
        end
        source
      end

      # Unescape characters in strings.
      UNESCAPE_MAP = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = k.chr }
      UNESCAPE_MAP.update({
        ?"  => '"',
        ?\\ => '\\',
        ?/  => '/',
        ?b  => "\b",
        ?f  => "\f",
        ?n  => "\n",
        ?r  => "\r",
        ?t  => "\t",
        ?u  => nil,
      })

      EMPTY_8BIT_STRING = ''
      if ::String.method_defined?(:encode)
        EMPTY_8BIT_STRING.force_encoding Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
      end

      def parse_string
        if scan(STRING)
          return '' if self[1].empty?
          string = self[1].gsub(%r((?:\\[\\bfnrt"/]|(?:\\u(?:[A-Fa-f\d]{4}))+|\\[\x20-\xff]))n) do |c|
            if u = UNESCAPE_MAP[$&[1]]
              u
            else # \uXXXX
              bytes = EMPTY_8BIT_STRING.dup
              i = 0
              while c[6 * i] == ?\\ && c[6 * i + 1] == ?u
                bytes << c[6 * i + 2, 2].to_i(16) << c[6 * i + 4, 2].to_i(16)
                i += 1
              end
              JSON.iconv('utf-8', 'utf-16be', bytes)
            end
          end
          if string.respond_to?(:force_encoding)
            string.force_encoding(::Encoding::UTF_8)
          end
          if @create_additions and @match_string
            for (regexp, klass) in @match_string
              klass.json_creatable? or next
              string =~ regexp and return klass.json_create(string)
            end
          end
          string
        else
          UNPARSED
        end
      rescue => e
        raise ParserError, "Caught #{e.class} at '#{peek(20)}': #{e}"
      end

      def parse_value
        case
        when scan(FLOAT)
          Float(self[1])
        when scan(INTEGER)
          Integer(self[1])
        when scan(TRUE)
          true
        when scan(FALSE)
          false
        when scan(NULL)
          nil
        when (string = parse_string) != UNPARSED
          string
        when scan(ARRAY_OPEN)
          @current_nesting += 1
          ary = parse_array
          @current_nesting -= 1
          ary
        when scan(OBJECT_OPEN)
          @current_nesting += 1
          obj = parse_object
          @current_nesting -= 1
          obj
        when @allow_nan && scan(NAN)
          NaN
        when @allow_nan && scan(INFINITY)
          Infinity
        when @allow_nan && scan(MINUS_INFINITY)
          MinusInfinity
        else
          UNPARSED
        end
      end

      def parse_array
        raise NestingError, "nesting of #@current_nesting is too deep" if
          @max_nesting.nonzero? && @current_nesting > @max_nesting
        result = @array_class.new
        delim = false
        until eos?
          case
          when (value = parse_value) != UNPARSED
            delim = false
            result << value
            skip(IGNORE)
            if scan(COLLECTION_DELIMITER)
              delim = true
            elsif match?(ARRAY_CLOSE)
              ;
            else
              raise ParserError, "expected ',' or ']' in array at '#{peek(20)}'!"
            end
          when scan(ARRAY_CLOSE)
            if delim
              raise ParserError, "expected next element in array at '#{peek(20)}'!"
            end
            break
          when skip(IGNORE)
            ;
          else
            raise ParserError, "unexpected token in array at '#{peek(20)}'!"
          end
        end
        result
      end

      def parse_object
        raise NestingError, "nesting of #@current_nesting is too deep" if
          @max_nesting.nonzero? && @current_nesting > @max_nesting
        result = @object_class.new
        delim = false
        until eos?
          case
          when (string = parse_string) != UNPARSED
            skip(IGNORE)
            unless scan(PAIR_DELIMITER)
              raise ParserError, "expected ':' in object at '#{peek(20)}'!"
            end
            skip(IGNORE)
            unless (value = parse_value).equal? UNPARSED
              result[@symbolize_names ? string.to_sym : string] = value
              delim = false
              skip(IGNORE)
              if scan(COLLECTION_DELIMITER)
                delim = true
              elsif match?(OBJECT_CLOSE)
                ;
              else
                raise ParserError, "expected ',' or '}' in object at '#{peek(20)}'!"
              end
            else
              raise ParserError, "expected value in object at '#{peek(20)}'!"
            end
          when scan(OBJECT_CLOSE)
            if delim
              raise ParserError, "expected next name, value pair in object at '#{peek(20)}'!"
            end
            if @create_additions and klassname = result[@create_id]
              klass = JSON.deep_const_get klassname
              break unless klass and klass.json_creatable?
              result = klass.json_create(result)
            end
            break
          when skip(IGNORE)
            ;
          else
            raise ParserError, "unexpected token in object at '#{peek(20)}'!"
          end
        end
        result
      end
    end
  end
end

module JSON
  MAP = {
    "\x0" => '\u0000',
    "\x1" => '\u0001',
    "\x2" => '\u0002',
    "\x3" => '\u0003',
    "\x4" => '\u0004',
    "\x5" => '\u0005',
    "\x6" => '\u0006',
    "\x7" => '\u0007',
    "\b"  =>  '\b',
    "\t"  =>  '\t',
    "\n"  =>  '\n',
    "\xb" => '\u000b',
    "\f"  =>  '\f',
    "\r"  =>  '\r',
    "\xe" => '\u000e',
    "\xf" => '\u000f',
    "\x10" => '\u0010',
    "\x11" => '\u0011',
    "\x12" => '\u0012',
    "\x13" => '\u0013',
    "\x14" => '\u0014',
    "\x15" => '\u0015',
    "\x16" => '\u0016',
    "\x17" => '\u0017',
    "\x18" => '\u0018',
    "\x19" => '\u0019',
    "\x1a" => '\u001a',
    "\x1b" => '\u001b',
    "\x1c" => '\u001c',
    "\x1d" => '\u001d',
    "\x1e" => '\u001e',
    "\x1f" => '\u001f',
    '"'   =>  '\"',
    '\\'  =>  '\\\\',
  } # :nodoc:

  # Convert a UTF8 encoded Ruby string _string_ to a JSON string, encoded with
  # UTF16 big endian characters as \u????, and return it.
  if defined?(::Encoding)
    def utf8_to_json(string) # :nodoc:
      string = string.dup
      string << '' # XXX workaround: avoid buffer sharing
      string.force_encoding(::Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
      string.gsub!(/["\\\x0-\x1f]/) { MAP[$&] }
      string.force_encoding(::Encoding::UTF_8)
      string
    end

    def utf8_to_json_ascii(string) # :nodoc:
      string = string.dup
      string << '' # XXX workaround: avoid buffer sharing
      string.force_encoding(::Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
      string.gsub!(/["\\\x0-\x1f]/) { MAP[$&] }
      string.gsub!(/(
                      (?:
                        [\xc2-\xdf][\x80-\xbf]    |
                        [\xe0-\xef][\x80-\xbf]{2} |
                        [\xf0-\xf4][\x80-\xbf]{3}
                      )+ |
                      [\x80-\xc1\xf5-\xff]       # invalid
                    )/nx) { |c|
                      c.size == 1 and raise GeneratorError, "invalid utf8 byte: '#{c}'"
                      s = JSON.iconv('utf-16be', 'utf-8', c).unpack('H*')[0]
                      s.gsub!(/.{4}/n, '\\\\u\&')
                    }
      string.force_encoding(::Encoding::UTF_8)
      string
    rescue => e
      raise GeneratorError, "Caught #{e.class}: #{e}"
    end
  else
    def utf8_to_json(string) # :nodoc:
      string.gsub(/["\\\x0-\x1f]/) { MAP[$&] }
    end

    def utf8_to_json_ascii(string) # :nodoc:
      string = string.gsub(/["\\\x0-\x1f]/) { MAP[$&] }
      string.gsub!(/(
                      (?:
                        [\xc2-\xdf][\x80-\xbf]    |
                        [\xe0-\xef][\x80-\xbf]{2} |
                        [\xf0-\xf4][\x80-\xbf]{3}
                      )+ |
                      [\x80-\xc1\xf5-\xff]       # invalid
                    )/nx) { |c|
        c.size == 1 and raise GeneratorError, "invalid utf8 byte: '#{c}'"
        s = JSON.iconv('utf-16be', 'utf-8', c).unpack('H*')[0]
        s.gsub!(/.{4}/n, '\\\\u\&')
      }
      string
    rescue => e
      raise GeneratorError, "Caught #{e.class}: #{e}"
    end
  end
  module_function :utf8_to_json, :utf8_to_json_ascii

  module Pure
    module Generator
      # This class is used to create State instances, that are use to hold data
      # while generating a JSON text from a Ruby data structure.
      class State
        # Creates a State object from _opts_, which ought to be Hash to create
        # a new State instance configured by _opts_, something else to create
        # an unconfigured instance. If _opts_ is a State object, it is just
        # returned.
        def self.from_state(opts)
          case
          when self === opts
            opts
          when opts.respond_to?(:to_hash)
            new(opts.to_hash)
          when opts.respond_to?(:to_h)
            new(opts.to_h)
          else
            SAFE_STATE_PROTOTYPE.dup
          end
        end

        # Instantiates a new State object, configured by _opts_.
        #
        # _opts_ can have the following keys:
        #
        # * *indent*: a string used to indent levels (default: ''),
        # * *space*: a string that is put after, a : or , delimiter (default: ''),
        # * *space_before*: a string that is put before a : pair delimiter (default: ''),
        # * *object_nl*: a string that is put at the end of a JSON object (default: ''),
        # * *array_nl*: a string that is put at the end of a JSON array (default: ''),
        # * *check_circular*: is deprecated now, use the :max_nesting option instead,
        # * *max_nesting*: sets the maximum level of data structure nesting in
        #   the generated JSON, max_nesting = 0 if no maximum should be checked.
        # * *allow_nan*: true if NaN, Infinity, and -Infinity should be
        #   generated, otherwise an exception is thrown, if these values are
        #   encountered. This options defaults to false.
        # * *quirks_mode*: Enables quirks_mode for parser, that is for example
        #   generating single JSON values instead of documents is possible.
        def initialize(opts = {})
          @indent                = ''
          @space                 = ''
          @space_before          = ''
          @object_nl             = ''
          @array_nl              = ''
          @allow_nan             = false
          @ascii_only            = false
          @quirks_mode           = false
          @buffer_initial_length = 1024
          configure opts
        end

        # This string is used to indent levels in the JSON text.
        attr_accessor :indent

        # This string is used to insert a space between the tokens in a JSON
        # string.
        attr_accessor :space

        # This string is used to insert a space before the ':' in JSON objects.
        attr_accessor :space_before

        # This string is put at the end of a line that holds a JSON object (or
        # Hash).
        attr_accessor :object_nl

        # This string is put at the end of a line that holds a JSON array.
        attr_accessor :array_nl

        # This integer returns the maximum level of data structure nesting in
        # the generated JSON, max_nesting = 0 if no maximum is checked.
        attr_accessor :max_nesting

        # If this attribute is set to true, quirks mode is enabled, otherwise
        # it's disabled.
        attr_accessor :quirks_mode

        # :stopdoc:
        attr_reader :buffer_initial_length

        def buffer_initial_length=(length)
          if length > 0
            @buffer_initial_length = length
          end
        end
        # :startdoc:

        # This integer returns the current depth data structure nesting in the
        # generated JSON.
        attr_accessor :depth

        def check_max_nesting # :nodoc:
          return if @max_nesting.zero?
          current_nesting = depth + 1
          current_nesting > @max_nesting and
            raise NestingError, "nesting of #{current_nesting} is too deep"
        end

        # Returns true, if circular data structures are checked,
        # otherwise returns false.
        def check_circular?
          !@max_nesting.zero?
        end

        # Returns true if NaN, Infinity, and -Infinity should be considered as
        # valid JSON and output.
        def allow_nan?
          @allow_nan
        end

        # Returns true, if only ASCII characters should be generated. Otherwise
        # returns false.
        def ascii_only?
          @ascii_only
        end

        # Returns true, if quirks mode is enabled. Otherwise returns false.
        def quirks_mode?
          @quirks_mode
        end

        # Configure this State instance with the Hash _opts_, and return
        # itself.
        def configure(opts)
          @indent         = opts[:indent] if opts.key?(:indent)
          @space          = opts[:space] if opts.key?(:space)
          @space_before   = opts[:space_before] if opts.key?(:space_before)
          @object_nl      = opts[:object_nl] if opts.key?(:object_nl)
          @array_nl       = opts[:array_nl] if opts.key?(:array_nl)
          @allow_nan      = !!opts[:allow_nan] if opts.key?(:allow_nan)
          @ascii_only     = opts[:ascii_only] if opts.key?(:ascii_only)
          @depth          = opts[:depth] || 0
          @quirks_mode    = opts[:quirks_mode] if opts.key?(:quirks_mode)
          if !opts.key?(:max_nesting) # defaults to 19
            @max_nesting = 19
          elsif opts[:max_nesting]
            @max_nesting = opts[:max_nesting]
          else
            @max_nesting = 0
          end
          self
        end
        alias merge configure

        # Returns the configuration instance variables as a hash, that can be
        # passed to the configure method.
        def to_h
          result = {}
          for iv in %w[indent space space_before object_nl array_nl allow_nan max_nesting ascii_only quirks_mode buffer_initial_length depth]
            result[iv.intern] = instance_variable_get("@#{iv}")
          end
          result
        end

        # Generates a valid JSON document from object +obj+ and returns the
        # result. If no valid JSON document can be created this method raises a
        # GeneratorError exception.
        def generate(obj)
          result = obj.to_json(self)
          unless @quirks_mode
            unless result =~ /\A\s*\[/ && result =~ /\]\s*\Z/ ||
              result =~ /\A\s*\{/ && result =~ /\}\s*\Z/
            then
              raise GeneratorError, "only generation of JSON objects or arrays allowed"
            end
          end
          result
        end

        # Return the value returned by method +name+.
        def [](name)
          __send__ name
        end
      end

      module GeneratorMethods
        module Object
          # Converts this object to a string (calling #to_s), converts
          # it to a JSON string, and returns the result. This is a fallback, if no
          # special method #to_json was defined for some object.
          def to_json(*) to_s.to_json end
        end

        module Hash
          # Returns a JSON string containing a JSON object, that is unparsed from
          # this Hash instance.
          # _state_ is a JSON::State object, that can also be used to configure the
          # produced JSON string output further.
          # _depth_ is used to find out nesting depth, to indent accordingly.
          def to_json(state = nil, *)
            state = State.from_state(state)
            state.check_max_nesting
            json_transform(state)
          end

          private

          def json_shift(state)
            state.object_nl.empty? or return ''
            state.indent * state.depth
          end

          def json_transform(state)
            delim = ','
            delim << state.object_nl
            result = '{'
            result << state.object_nl
            depth = state.depth += 1
            first = true
            indent = !state.object_nl.empty?
            each { |key,value|
              result << delim unless first
              result << state.indent * depth if indent
              result << key.to_s.to_json(state)
              result << state.space_before
              result << ':'
              result << state.space
              result << value.to_json(state)
              first = false
            }
            depth = state.depth -= 1
            result << state.object_nl
            result << state.indent * depth if indent if indent
            result << '}'
            result
          end
        end

        module Array
          # Returns a JSON string containing a JSON array, that is unparsed from
          # this Array instance.
          # _state_ is a JSON::State object, that can also be used to configure the
          # produced JSON string output further.
          def to_json(state = nil, *)
            state = State.from_state(state)
            state.check_max_nesting
            json_transform(state)
          end

          private

          def json_transform(state)
            delim = ','
            delim << state.array_nl
            result = '['
            result << state.array_nl
            depth = state.depth += 1
            first = true
            indent = !state.array_nl.empty?
            each { |value|
              result << delim unless first
              result << state.indent * depth if indent
              result << value.to_json(state)
              first = false
            }
            depth = state.depth -= 1
            result << state.array_nl
            result << state.indent * depth if indent
            result << ']'
          end
        end

        module Integer
          # Returns a JSON string representation for this Integer number.
          def to_json(*) to_s end
        end

        module Float
          # Returns a JSON string representation for this Float number.
          def to_json(state = nil, *)
            state = State.from_state(state)
            case
            when infinite?
              if state.allow_nan?
                to_s
              else
                raise GeneratorError, "#{self} not allowed in JSON"
              end
            when nan?
              if state.allow_nan?
                to_s
              else
                raise GeneratorError, "#{self} not allowed in JSON"
              end
            else
              to_s
            end
          end
        end

        module String
          if defined?(::Encoding)
            # This string should be encoded with UTF-8 A call to this method
            # returns a JSON string encoded with UTF16 big endian characters as
            # \u????.
            def to_json(state = nil, *args)
              state = State.from_state(state)
              if encoding == ::Encoding::UTF_8
                string = self
              else
                string = encode(::Encoding::UTF_8)
              end
              if state.ascii_only?
                '"' << JSON.utf8_to_json_ascii(string) << '"'
              else
                '"' << JSON.utf8_to_json(string) << '"'
              end
            end
          else
            # This string should be encoded with UTF-8 A call to this method
            # returns a JSON string encoded with UTF16 big endian characters as
            # \u????.
            def to_json(state = nil, *args)
              state = State.from_state(state)
              if state.ascii_only?
                '"' << JSON.utf8_to_json_ascii(self) << '"'
              else
                '"' << JSON.utf8_to_json(self) << '"'
              end
            end
          end

          # Module that holds the extinding methods if, the String module is
          # included.
          module Extend
            # Raw Strings are JSON Objects (the raw bytes are stored in an
            # array for the key "raw"). The Ruby String can be created by this
            # module method.
            def json_create(o)
              o['raw'].pack('C*')
            end
          end

          # Extends _modul_ with the String::Extend module.
          def self.included(modul)
            modul.extend Extend
          end

          # This method creates a raw object hash, that can be nested into
          # other data structures and will be unparsed as a raw string. This
          # method should be used, if you want to convert raw strings to JSON
          # instead of UTF-8 strings, e. g. binary data.
          def to_json_raw_object
            {
              JSON.create_id  => self.class.name,
              'raw'           => self.unpack('C*'),
            }
          end

          # This method creates a JSON text from the result of
          # a call to to_json_raw_object of this String.
          def to_json_raw(*args)
            to_json_raw_object.to_json(*args)
          end
        end

        module TrueClass
          # Returns a JSON string for true: 'true'.
          def to_json(*) 'true' end
        end

        module FalseClass
          # Returns a JSON string for false: 'false'.
          def to_json(*) 'false' end
        end

        module NilClass
          # Returns a JSON string for nil: 'null'.
          def to_json(*) 'null' end
        end
      end
    end
  end
end

module JSON
  class << self
    # If _object_ is string-like, parse the string and return the parsed result
    # as a Ruby data structure. Otherwise generate a JSON text from the Ruby
    # data structure object and return it.
    #
    # The _opts_ argument is passed through to generate/parse respectively. See
    # generate and parse for their documentation.
    def [](object, opts = {})
      if object.respond_to? :to_str
        JSON.parse(object.to_str, opts)
      else
        JSON.generate(object, opts)
      end
    end

    # Returns the JSON parser class that is used by JSON. This is either
    # JSON::Ext::Parser or JSON::Pure::Parser.
    attr_reader :parser

    # Set the JSON parser class _parser_ to be used by JSON.
    def parser=(parser) # :nodoc:
      @parser = parser
      remove_const :Parser if JSON.const_defined_in?(self, :Parser)
      const_set :Parser, parser
    end

    # Return the constant located at _path_. The format of _path_ has to be
    # either ::A::B::C or A::B::C. In any case, A has to be located at the top
    # level (absolute namespace path?). If there doesn't exist a constant at
    # the given path, an ArgumentError is raised.
    def deep_const_get(path) # :nodoc:
      path.to_s.split(/::/).inject(Object) do |p, c|
        case
        when c.empty?                     then p
        when JSON.const_defined_in?(p, c) then p.const_get(c)
        else
          begin
            p.const_missing(c)
          rescue NameError => e
            raise ArgumentError, "can't get const #{path}: #{e}"
          end
        end
      end
    end

    # Set the module _generator_ to be used by JSON.
    def generator=(generator) # :nodoc:
      old, $VERBOSE = $VERBOSE, nil
      @generator = generator
      generator_methods = generator::GeneratorMethods
      for const in generator_methods.constants
        klass = deep_const_get(const)
        modul = generator_methods.const_get(const)
        klass.class_eval do
          instance_methods(false).each do |m|
            m.to_s == 'to_json' and remove_method m
          end
          include modul
        end
      end
      self.state = generator::State
      const_set :State, self.state
      const_set :SAFE_STATE_PROTOTYPE, State.new
      const_set :FAST_STATE_PROTOTYPE, State.new(
        :indent         => '',
        :space          => '',
        :object_nl      => "",
        :array_nl       => "",
        :max_nesting    => false
      )
      const_set :PRETTY_STATE_PROTOTYPE, State.new(
        :indent         => '  ',
        :space          => ' ',
        :object_nl      => "\n",
        :array_nl       => "\n"
      )
    ensure
      $VERBOSE = old
    end

    # Returns the JSON generator module that is used by JSON. This is
    # either JSON::Ext::Generator or JSON::Pure::Generator.
    attr_reader :generator

    # Returns the JSON generator state class that is used by JSON. This is
    # either JSON::Ext::Generator::State or JSON::Pure::Generator::State.
    attr_accessor :state

    # This is create identifier, which is used to decide if the _json_create_
    # hook of a class should be called. It defaults to 'json_class'.
    attr_accessor :create_id
  end
  self.create_id = 'json_class'

  NaN           = 0.0/0

  Infinity      = 1.0/0

  MinusInfinity = -Infinity

  # The base exception for JSON errors.
  class JSONError < StandardError; end

  # This exception is raised if a parser error occurs.
  class ParserError < JSONError; end

  # This exception is raised if the nesting of parsed data structures is too
  # deep.
  class NestingError < ParserError; end

  # :stopdoc:
  class CircularDatastructure < NestingError; end
  # :startdoc:

  # This exception is raised if a generator or unparser error occurs.
  class GeneratorError < JSONError; end
  # For backwards compatibility
  UnparserError = GeneratorError

  # This exception is raised if the required unicode support is missing on the
  # system. Usually this means that the iconv library is not installed.
  class MissingUnicodeSupport < JSONError; end

  module_function

  # Parse the JSON document _source_ into a Ruby data structure and return it.
  #
  # _opts_ can have the following
  # keys:
  # * *max_nesting*: The maximum depth of nesting allowed in the parsed data
  #   structures. Disable depth checking with :max_nesting => false. It defaults
  #   to 19.
  # * *allow_nan*: If set to true, allow NaN, Infinity and -Infinity in
  #   defiance of RFC 4627 to be parsed by the Parser. This option defaults
  #   to false.
  # * *symbolize_names*: If set to true, returns symbols for the names
  #   (keys) in a JSON object. Otherwise strings are returned. Strings are
  #   the default.
  # * *create_additions*: If set to false, the Parser doesn't create
  #   additions even if a matching class and create_id was found. This option
  #   defaults to true.
  # * *object_class*: Defaults to Hash
  # * *array_class*: Defaults to Array
  def parse(source, opts = {})
    Parser.new(source, opts).parse
  end

  # Parse the JSON document _source_ into a Ruby data structure and return it.
  # The bang version of the parse method defaults to the more dangerous values
  # for the _opts_ hash, so be sure only to parse trusted _source_ documents.
  #
  # _opts_ can have the following keys:
  # * *max_nesting*: The maximum depth of nesting allowed in the parsed data
  #   structures. Enable depth checking with :max_nesting => anInteger. The parse!
  #   methods defaults to not doing max depth checking: This can be dangerous
  #   if someone wants to fill up your stack.
  # * *allow_nan*: If set to true, allow NaN, Infinity, and -Infinity in
  #   defiance of RFC 4627 to be parsed by the Parser. This option defaults
  #   to true.
  # * *create_additions*: If set to false, the Parser doesn't create
  #   additions even if a matching class and create_id was found. This option
  #   defaults to true.
  def parse!(source, opts = {})
    opts = {
      :max_nesting  => false,
      :allow_nan    => true
    }.update(opts)
    Parser.new(source, opts).parse
  end

  # Generate a JSON document from the Ruby data structure _obj_ and return
  # it. _state_ is * a JSON::State object,
  # * or a Hash like object (responding to to_hash),
  # * an object convertible into a hash by a to_h method,
  # that is used as or to configure a State object.
  #
  # It defaults to a state object, that creates the shortest possible JSON text
  # in one line, checks for circular data structures and doesn't allow NaN,
  # Infinity, and -Infinity.
  #
  # A _state_ hash can have the following keys:
  # * *indent*: a string used to indent levels (default: ''),
  # * *space*: a string that is put after, a : or , delimiter (default: ''),
  # * *space_before*: a string that is put before a : pair delimiter (default: ''),
  # * *object_nl*: a string that is put at the end of a JSON object (default: ''),
  # * *array_nl*: a string that is put at the end of a JSON array (default: ''),
  # * *allow_nan*: true if NaN, Infinity, and -Infinity should be
  #   generated, otherwise an exception is thrown if these values are
  #   encountered. This options defaults to false.
  # * *max_nesting*: The maximum depth of nesting allowed in the data
  #   structures from which JSON is to be generated. Disable depth checking
  #   with :max_nesting => false, it defaults to 19.
  #
  # See also the fast_generate for the fastest creation method with the least
  # amount of sanity checks, and the pretty_generate method for some
  # defaults for pretty output.
  def generate(obj, opts = nil)
    if State === opts
      state, opts = opts, nil
    else
      state = SAFE_STATE_PROTOTYPE.dup
    end
    if opts
      if opts.respond_to? :to_hash
        opts = opts.to_hash
      elsif opts.respond_to? :to_h
        opts = opts.to_h
      else
        raise TypeError, "can't convert #{opts.class} into Hash"
      end
      state = state.configure(opts)
    end
    state.generate(obj)
  end

  # :stopdoc:
  # I want to deprecate these later, so I'll first be silent about them, and
  # later delete them.
  alias unparse generate
  module_function :unparse
  # :startdoc:

  # Generate a JSON document from the Ruby data structure _obj_ and return it.
  # This method disables the checks for circles in Ruby objects.
  #
  # *WARNING*: Be careful not to pass any Ruby data structures with circles as
  # _obj_ argument because this will cause JSON to go into an infinite loop.
  def fast_generate(obj, opts = nil)
    if State === opts
      state, opts = opts, nil
    else
      state = FAST_STATE_PROTOTYPE.dup
    end
    if opts
      if opts.respond_to? :to_hash
        opts = opts.to_hash
      elsif opts.respond_to? :to_h
        opts = opts.to_h
      else
        raise TypeError, "can't convert #{opts.class} into Hash"
      end
      state.configure(opts)
    end
    state.generate(obj)
  end

  # :stopdoc:
  # I want to deprecate these later, so I'll first be silent about them, and later delete them.
  alias fast_unparse fast_generate
  module_function :fast_unparse
  # :startdoc:

  # Generate a JSON document from the Ruby data structure _obj_ and return it.
  # The returned document is a prettier form of the document returned by
  # #unparse.
  #
  # The _opts_ argument can be used to configure the generator. See the
  # generate method for a more detailed explanation.
  def pretty_generate(obj, opts = nil)
    if State === opts
      state, opts = opts, nil
    else
      state = PRETTY_STATE_PROTOTYPE.dup
    end
    if opts
      if opts.respond_to? :to_hash
        opts = opts.to_hash
      elsif opts.respond_to? :to_h
        opts = opts.to_h
      else
        raise TypeError, "can't convert #{opts.class} into Hash"
      end
      state.configure(opts)
    end
    state.generate(obj)
  end

  # :stopdoc:
  # I want to deprecate these later, so I'll first be silent about them, and later delete them.
  alias pretty_unparse pretty_generate
  module_function :pretty_unparse
  # :startdoc:

  class << self
    # The global default options for the JSON.load method:
    #  :max_nesting: false
    #  :allow_nan:   true
    #  :quirks_mode: true
    attr_accessor :load_default_options
  end
  self.load_default_options = {
    :max_nesting => false,
    :allow_nan   => true,
    :quirks_mode => true,
  }

  # Load a ruby data structure from a JSON _source_ and return it. A source can
  # either be a string-like object, an IO-like object, or an object responding
  # to the read method. If _proc_ was given, it will be called with any nested
  # Ruby object as an argument recursively in depth first order. The default
  # options for the parser can be changed via the load_default_options method.
  #
  # This method is part of the implementation of the load/dump interface of
  # Marshal and YAML.
  def load(source, proc = nil)
    opts = load_default_options
    if source.respond_to? :to_str
      source = source.to_str
    elsif source.respond_to? :to_io
      source = source.to_io.read
    elsif source.respond_to?(:read)
      source = source.read
    end
    if opts[:quirks_mode] && (source.nil? || source.empty?)
      source = 'null'
    end
    result = parse(source, opts)
    recurse_proc(result, &proc) if proc
    result
  end

  # Recursively calls passed _Proc_ if the parsed data structure is an _Array_ or _Hash_
  def recurse_proc(result, &proc)
    case result
    when Array
      result.each { |x| recurse_proc x, &proc }
      proc.call result
    when Hash
      result.each { |x, y| recurse_proc x, &proc; recurse_proc y, &proc }
      proc.call result
    else
      proc.call result
    end
  end

  alias restore load
  module_function :restore

  class << self
    # The global default options for the JSON.dump method:
    #  :max_nesting: false
    #  :allow_nan:   true
    #  :quirks_mode: true
    attr_accessor :dump_default_options
  end
  self.dump_default_options = {
    :max_nesting => false,
    :allow_nan   => true,
    :quirks_mode => true,
  }

  # Dumps _obj_ as a JSON string, i.e. calls generate on the object and returns
  # the result.
  #
  # If anIO (an IO-like object or an object that responds to the write method)
  # was given, the resulting JSON is written to it.
  #
  # If the number of nested arrays or objects exceeds _limit_, an ArgumentError
  # exception is raised. This argument is similar (but not exactly the
  # same!) to the _limit_ argument in Marshal.dump.
  #
  # The default options for the generator can be changed via the
  # dump_default_options method.
  #
  # This method is part of the implementation of the load/dump interface of
  # Marshal and YAML.
  def dump(obj, anIO = nil, limit = nil)
    if anIO and limit.nil?
      anIO = anIO.to_io if anIO.respond_to?(:to_io)
      unless anIO.respond_to?(:write)
        limit = anIO
        anIO = nil
      end
    end
    opts = JSON.dump_default_options
    limit and opts.update(:max_nesting => limit)
    result = generate(obj, opts)
    if anIO
      anIO.write result
      anIO
    else
      result
    end
  rescue JSON::NestingError
    raise ArgumentError, "exceed depth limit"
  end

  # Swap consecutive bytes of _string_ in place.
  def self.swap!(string) # :nodoc:
    0.upto(string.size / 2) do |i|
      break unless string[2 * i + 1]
      string[2 * i], string[2 * i + 1] = string[2 * i + 1], string[2 * i]
    end
    string
  end

  # Shortuct for iconv.
  if ::String.method_defined?(:encode)
    # Encodes string using Ruby's _String.encode_
    def self.iconv(to, from, string)
      string.encode(to, from)
    end
  else
    require 'iconv'
    # Encodes string using _iconv_ library
    def self.iconv(to, from, string)
      Iconv.conv(to, from, string)
    end
  end

  if ::Object.method(:const_defined?).arity == 1
    def self.const_defined_in?(modul, constant)
      modul.const_defined?(constant)
    end
  else
    def self.const_defined_in?(modul, constant)
      modul.const_defined?(constant, false)
    end
  end
end

module ::Kernel
  private

  # Outputs _objs_ to STDOUT as JSON strings in the shortest form, that is in
  # one line.
  def j(*objs)
    objs.each do |obj|
      puts JSON::generate(obj, :allow_nan => true, :max_nesting => false)
    end
    nil
  end

  # Ouputs _objs_ to STDOUT as JSON strings in a pretty format, with
  # indentation and over many lines.
  def jj(*objs)
    objs.each do |obj|
      puts JSON::pretty_generate(obj, :allow_nan => true, :max_nesting => false)
    end
    nil
  end

  # If _object_ is string-like, parse the string and return the parsed result as
  # a Ruby data structure. Otherwise, generate a JSON text from the Ruby data
  # structure object and return it.
  #
  # The _opts_ argument is passed through to generate/parse respectively. See
  # generate and parse for their documentation.
  def JSON(object, *args)
    if object.respond_to? :to_str
      JSON.parse(object.to_str, args.first)
    else
      JSON.generate(object, args.first)
    end
  end
end

# Extends any Class to include _json_creatable?_ method.
class ::Class
  # Returns true if this class can be used to create an instance
  # from a serialised JSON string. The class has to implement a class
  # method _json_create_ that expects a hash as first parameter. The hash
  # should include the required data.
  def json_creatable?
    respond_to?(:json_create)
  end
end

JSON.generator = JSON::Pure::Generator
JSON.parser    = JSON::Pure::Parser
rescue LoadError
  require File.join File.dirname(File.dirname(__FILE__)), 'vendor', 'json.rb'
end

# It just gists.
module Gist
  extend self

  VERSION = '4.2.1'

  # A list of clipboard commands with copy and paste support.
  CLIPBOARD_COMMANDS = {
    'xclip'   => 'xclip -o',
    'xsel -i'    => 'xsel -o',
    'pbcopy'  => 'pbpaste',
    'putclip' => 'getclip'
  }

  GITHUB_API_URL   = URI("https://api.github.com/")
  GIT_IO_URL       = URI("http://git.io")

  GITHUB_BASE_PATH = ""
  GHE_BASE_PATH    = "/api/v3"

  URL_ENV_NAME     = "GITHUB_URL"

  USER_AGENT       = "gist/#{VERSION} (Net::HTTP, #{RUBY_DESCRIPTION})"

  # Exception tag for errors raised while gisting.
  module Error;
    def self.exception(*args)
      RuntimeError.new(*args).extend(self)
    end
  end
  class ClipboardError < RuntimeError; include Error end

  # Upload a gist to https://gist.github.com
  #
  # @param [String] content  the code you'd like to gist
  # @param [Hash] options  more detailed options, see
  #   the documentation for {multi_gist}
  #
  # @see http://developer.github.com/v3/gists/
  def gist(content, options = {})
    filename = options[:filename] || "a.rb"
    multi_gist({filename => content}, options)
  end

  # Upload a gist to https://gist.github.com
  #
  # @param [Hash] files  the code you'd like to gist: filename => content
  # @param [Hash] options  more detailed options
  #
  # @option options [String] :description  the description
  # @option options [Boolean] :public  (false) is this gist public
  # @option options [Boolean] :anonymous  (false) is this gist anonymous
  # @option options [String] :access_token  (`File.read("~/.gist")`) The OAuth2 access token.
  # @option options [String] :update  the URL or id of a gist to update
  # @option options [Boolean] :copy  (false) Copy resulting URL to clipboard, if successful.
  # @option options [Boolean] :open  (false) Open the resulting URL in a browser.
  # @option options [Symbol] :output (:all) The type of return value you'd like:
  #   :html_url gives a String containing the url to the gist in a browser
  #   :short_url gives a String contianing a  git.io url that redirects to html_url
  #   :javascript gives a String containing a script tag suitable for embedding the gist
  #   :all gives a Hash containing the parsed json response from the server
  #
  # @return [String, Hash]  the return value as configured by options[:output]
  # @raise [Gist::Error]  if something went wrong
  #
  # @see http://developer.github.com/v3/gists/
  def multi_gist(files, options={})
    json = {}

    json[:description] = options[:description] if options[:description]
    json[:public] = !!options[:public]
    json[:files] = {}

    files.each_pair do |(name, content)|
      raise "Cannot gist empty files" if content.to_s.strip == ""
      json[:files][File.basename(name)] = {:content => content}
    end

    existing_gist = options[:update].to_s.split("/").last
    if options[:anonymous]
      access_token = nil
    else
      access_token = (options[:access_token] || File.read(auth_token_file) rescue nil)
    end

    url = "#{base_path}/gists"
    url << "/" << CGI.escape(existing_gist) if existing_gist.to_s != ''
    url << "?access_token=" << CGI.escape(access_token) if access_token.to_s != ''

    request = Net::HTTP::Post.new(url)
    request.body = JSON.dump(json)
    request.content_type = 'application/json'

    retried = false

    begin
      response = http(api_url, request)
      if Net::HTTPSuccess === response
        on_success(response.body, options)
      else
        raise "Got #{response.class} from gist: #{response.body}"
      end
    rescue => e
      raise if retried
      retried = true
      retry
    end

  rescue => e
    raise e.extend Error
  end

  def create_in_editor
  end

  # Convert long github urls into short git.io ones
  #
  # @param [String] url
  # @return [String] shortened url, or long url if shortening fails
  def shorten(url)
    request = Net::HTTP::Post.new("/")
    request.set_form_data(:url => url)
    response = http(GIT_IO_URL, request)
    case response.code
    when "201"
      response['Location']
    else
      url
    end
  end

  # Convert github url into raw file url
  #
  # Unfortunately the url returns from github's api is legacy,
  # we have to taking a HTTPRedirection before appending it
  # with '/raw'. Let's looking forward for github's api fix :)
  #
  # @param [String] url
  # @return [String] the raw file url
  def rawify(url)
    uri = URI(url)
    request = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri.path)
    response = http(uri, request)
    if Net::HTTPSuccess === response
      url + '/raw'
    elsif Net::HTTPRedirection === response
      rawify(response.header['location'])
    end
  end

  # Log the user into gist.
  #
  # This method asks the user for a username and password, and tries to obtain
  # and OAuth2 access token, which is then stored in ~/.gist
  #
  # @raise [Gist::Error]  if something went wrong
  # @param [Hash] credentials  login details
  # @option credentials [String] :username
  # @option credentials [String] :password
  # @see http://developer.github.com/v3/oauth/
  def login!(credentials={})
    puts "Obtaining OAuth2 access_token from github."
    loop do
      print "GitHub username: "
      username = credentials[:username] || $stdin.gets.strip
      print "GitHub password: "
      password = credentials[:password] || begin
        `stty -echo` rescue nil
        $stdin.gets.strip
      ensure
        `stty echo` rescue nil
      end
      puts ""

      request = Net::HTTP::Post.new("#{base_path}/authorizations")
      request.body = JSON.dump({
        :scopes => [:gist],
        :note => "The gist gem (#{Time.now})",
        :note_url => "https://github.com/ConradIrwin/gist"
      })
      request.content_type = 'application/json'
      request.basic_auth(username, password)

      response = http(api_url, request)

      if Net::HTTPUnauthorized === response && response['X-GitHub-OTP']
        print "2-factor auth code: "
        twofa_code = $stdin.gets.strip
        puts ""

        request['X-GitHub-OTP'] = twofa_code
        response = http(api_url, request)
      end

      if Net::HTTPCreated === response
        File.open(auth_token_file, 'w', 0600) do |f|
          f.write JSON.parse(response.body)['token']
        end
        puts "Success! #{ENV[URL_ENV_NAME] || "https://github.com/"}settings/applications"
        return
      elsif Net::HTTPUnauthorized === response
        puts "Error: #{JSON.parse(response.body)['message']}"
        next
      else
        raise "Got #{response.class} from gist: #{response.body}"
      end
    end
  rescue => e
    raise e.extend Error
  end

  # Return HTTP connection
  #
  # @param [URI::HTTP] The URI to which to connect
  # @return [Net::HTTP]
  def http_connection(uri)
    env = ENV['http_proxy'] || ENV['HTTP_PROXY']
    connection = if env
                   proxy = URI(env)
                   Net::HTTP::Proxy(proxy.host, proxy.port).new(uri.host, uri.port)
                 else
                   Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port)
                 end
    if uri.scheme == "https"
      connection.use_ssl = true
      connection.verify_mode = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE
    end
    connection.open_timeout = 10
    connection.read_timeout = 10
    connection
  end

  # Run an HTTP operation
  #
  # @param [URI::HTTP] The URI to which to connect
  # @param [Net::HTTPRequest] The request to make
  # @return [Net::HTTPResponse]
  def http(url, request)
    request['User-Agent'] = USER_AGENT

    http_connection(url).start do |http|
      http.request request
    end
  rescue Timeout::Error
    raise "Could not connect to #{api_url}"
  end

  # Called after an HTTP response to gist to perform post-processing.
  #
  # @param [String] body  the text body from the github api
  # @param [Hash] options  more detailed options, see
  #   the documentation for {multi_gist}
  def on_success(body, options={})
    json = JSON.parse(body)

    output = case options[:output]
             when :javascript
               %Q{<script src="#{json['html_url']}.js"></script>}
             when :html_url
               json['html_url']
             when :raw_url
               rawify(json['html_url'])
             when :short_url
               shorten(json['html_url'])
             when :short_raw_url
               shorten(rawify(json['html_url']))
             else
               json
             end

    Gist.copy(output.to_s) if options[:copy]
    Gist.open(json['html_url']) if options[:open]

    output
  end

  # Copy a string to the clipboard.
  #
  # @param [String] content
  # @raise [Gist::Error] if no clipboard integration could be found
  #
  def copy(content)
    IO.popen(clipboard_command(:copy), 'r+') { |clip| clip.print content }

    unless paste == content
      message = 'Copying to clipboard failed.'

      if ENV["TMUX"] && clipboard_command(:copy) == 'pbcopy'
        message << "\nIf you're running tmux on a mac, try http://robots.thoughtbot.com/post/19398560514/how-to-copy-and-paste-with-tmux-on-mac-os-x"
      end

      raise Error, message
    end
  rescue Error => e
    raise ClipboardError, e.message + "\nAttempted to copy: #{content}"
  end

  # Get a string from the clipboard.
  #
  # @param [String] content
  # @raise [Gist::Error] if no clipboard integration could be found
  def paste
    `#{clipboard_command(:paste)}`
  end

  # Find command from PATH environment.
  #
  # @param [String] cmd  command name to find
  # @param [String] options  PATH environment variable
  # @return [String]  the command found
  def which(cmd, path=ENV['PATH'])
    if RUBY_PLATFORM.downcase =~ /mswin(?!ce)|mingw|bccwin|cygwin/
      path.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR).each {|dir|
        f = File.join(dir, cmd+".exe")
        return f if File.executable?(f) && !File.directory?(f)
      }
      nil
    else
      return system("which #{cmd} > /dev/null 2>&1")
    end
  end

  # Get the command to use for the clipboard action.
  #
  # @param [Symbol] action  either :copy or :paste
  # @return [String]  the command to run
  # @raise [Gist::ClipboardError] if no clipboard integration could be found
  def clipboard_command(action)
    command = CLIPBOARD_COMMANDS.keys.detect do |cmd|
      which cmd
    end
    raise ClipboardError, <<-EOT unless command
Could not find copy command, tried:
    #{CLIPBOARD_COMMANDS.values.join(' || ')}
    EOT
    action == :copy ? command : CLIPBOARD_COMMANDS[command]
  end

  # Open a URL in a browser.
  #
  # @param [String] url
  # @raise [RuntimeError] if no browser integration could be found
  #
  # This method was heavily inspired by defunkt's Gist#open,
  # @see https://github.com/defunkt/gist/blob/bca9b29/lib/gist.rb#L157
  def open(url)
    command = if ENV['BROWSER']
                ENV['BROWSER']
              elsif RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /darwin/
                'open'
              elsif RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /linux/
                %w(
                  sensible-browser
                  xdg-open
                  firefox
                  firefox-bin
                ).detect do |cmd|
                  which cmd
                end
              elsif ENV['OS'] == 'Windows_NT' || RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /djgpp|(cyg|ms|bcc)win|mingw|wince/i
                'start ""'
              else
                raise "Could not work out how to use a browser."
              end

    `#{command} #{url}`
  end

  # Get the API base path
  def base_path
    ENV.key?(URL_ENV_NAME) ? GHE_BASE_PATH : GITHUB_BASE_PATH
  end

  # Get the API URL
  def api_url
    ENV.key?(URL_ENV_NAME) ? URI(ENV[URL_ENV_NAME]) : GITHUB_API_URL
  end

  def auth_token_file
    if ENV.key?(URL_ENV_NAME)
      File.expand_path "~/.gist.#{ENV[URL_ENV_NAME].gsub(/[^a-z.]/, '')}"
    else
      File.expand_path "~/.gist"
    end
  end

  def legacy_private_gister?
    return unless which('git')
    `git config --global gist.private` =~ /\Ayes|1|true|on\z/i
  end

  def should_be_public?(options={})
    if options.key? :private
      !options[:private]
    else
      !Gist.legacy_private_gister?
    end
  end
end
#!/usr/bin/env ruby

# Silence Ctrl-C's
trap('INT'){ exit 1 }

require 'optparse'

# For the holdings of options.
options = {}
filenames = []

OptionParser.new do |opts|
  executable_name = File.split($0)[1]
  opts.banner = <<-EOS
Gist (v#{Gist::VERSION}) lets you upload to https://gist.github.com/

The content to be uploaded can be passed as a list of files, if none are
specified STDIN will be read. The default filename for STDIN is "a.rb", and all
filenames can be overridden by repeating the "-f" flag. The most useful reason
to do this is to change the syntax highlighting.

If you'd like your gists to be associated with your GitHub account, so that you
can edit them and find them in future, first use `gist --login` to obtain an
Oauth2 access token. This is stored and used by gist in the future.

Private gists do not have guessable URLs and can be created with "-p", you can
also set the description at the top of the gist by passing "-d".

Anonymous gists are not associated with your GitHub account, they can be created
with "-a" even after you have used "gist --login".

If you would like to shorten the resulting gist URL, use the -s flag. This will
use GitHub's URL shortener, git.io. You can also use -R to get the link to the
raw gist.

To copy the resulting URL to your clipboard you can use the -c option, or to
just open it directly in your browser, use -o. Using the -e option will copy the
embeddable URL to the clipboard. You can add `alias gist='gist -c'` to your
shell's rc file to configure this behaviour by default.

Instead of creating a new gist, you can update an existing one by passing its ID
or URL with "-u". For this to work, you must be logged in, and have created the
original gist with the same GitHub account.

Usage: #{executable_name} [-o|-c|-e] [-p] [-s] [-R] [-d DESC] [-a] [-u URL] [-P] [-f NAME|-t EXT]* FILE*
       #{executable_name} --login

  EOS

  opts.on("--login", "Authenticate gist on this computer.") do
    Gist.login!
    exit
  end

  opts.on("-f", "--filename [NAME.EXTENSION]", "Sets the filename and syntax type.") do |filename|
    filenames << filename
    options[:filename] = filename
  end

  opts.on("-t", "--type [EXTENSION]", "Sets the file extension and syntax type.") do |extension|
    filenames << "foo.#{extension}"
    options[:filename] = "foo.#{extension}"
  end

  opts.on("-p", "--private", "Makes your gist private.") do
    options[:private] = true
  end

  opts.on("--no-private") do
    options[:private] = false
  end

  opts.on("-d", "--description DESCRIPTION", "Adds a description to your gist.") do |description|
    options[:description] = description
  end

  opts.on("-s", "--shorten", "Shorten the gist URL using git.io.") do |shorten|
    options[:shorten] = shorten
  end

  opts.on("-u", "--update [ URL | ID ]", "Update an existing gist.") do |update|
    options[:update] = update
  end

  opts.on("-a", "--anonymous", "Create an anonymous gist.") do
    options[:anonymous] = true
  end

  opts.on("-c", "--copy", "Copy the resulting URL to the clipboard") do
    options[:copy] = true
  end

  opts.on("-e", "--embed", "Copy the embed code for the gist to the clipboard") do
    options[:embed] = true
    options[:copy] = true
  end

  opts.on("-o", "--open", "Open the resulting URL in a browser") do
    options[:open] = true
  end

  opts.on("--no-open")

  opts.on("-P", "--paste", "Paste from the clipboard to gist") do
    options[:paste] = true
  end

  opts.on("-R", "--raw", "Raw url of the new gist") do
    options[:raw] = true
  end

  opts.on_tail("-h","--help", "Show this message.") do
    puts opts
    exit
  end

  opts.on_tail("-v", "--version", "Print the version.") do
    puts "gist v#{Gist::VERSION}"
    exit
  end

end.parse!

begin
  options[:output] = if options[:embed] && options[:shorten]
                       raise Gist::Error, "--embed does not make sense with --shorten"
                     elsif options[:embed]
                       :javascript
                     elsif options[:shorten] and options[:raw]
                       :short_raw_url
                     elsif options[:shorten]
                       :short_url
                     elsif options[:raw]
                       :raw_url
                     else
                       :html_url
                     end

  options[:public] = Gist.should_be_public?(options)

  if options[:paste]
    puts Gist.gist(Gist.paste, options)
  else
    to_read = ARGV.empty? ? ['-'] : ARGV
    files = {}
    to_read.zip(filenames).each do |(file, name)|
      files[name || file] =
        begin
          unless File.exists? (File.expand_path(file))
            exec ( "$EDITOR #{file}")
          end
          if file == '-'
            $stderr.puts "(type a gist. <ctrl-c> to cancel, <ctrl-d> when done)" if $stdin.tty?
            STDIN.read
          else
            File.read(File.expand_path(file))
          end
        rescue => e
          raise e.extend(Gist::Error)
        end
    end

    puts Gist.multi_gist(files, options)
  end
rescue Gist::Error => e
  puts "Error: #{e.message}"
  exit 1
end