Useful OS X commands

useful-osx-commands.md

###Useful OS X commands

1. App Store Debug menu

   Show

   defaults write com.apple.appstore ShowDebugMenu -bool true
   

   Hide

   defaults write com.apple.appstore ShowDebugMenu -bool false
   

2. Remove extended attributes recursively

   xattr -rc <Folder>
   

3. Delete Time Machine backups

   sudo /System/Library/Extensions/TMSafetyNet.kext/Helpers/bypass rm -rfv /Volumes/<Disk>/Backups.backupdb/<Folder>/
   

4. Carbon copy a physical disk to an image (.dmg) file
   source: http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=20050302225659382

   dd bs=4096 if=/dev/rXX# of=/[TARGET DIR]/image.dmg conv=noerror,sync
   

   You have to dismount the partition first.
   Use the diskutil list and mount commands to discover the devices.

5. Convert .png images to .jpg

   sips -s format jpeg ./*.png --out jpg/
   

6. Resample image

   sips <source image> --resampleHeight <number> --out <directory>
   

7. Finder Error -10810

   http://www.thexlab.com/faqs/error-10810.html

   /System/Library/Frameworks/CoreServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/LaunchServices.framework/Versions/A/Support/lsregister -kill -seed -rfv
   

8. Query locked files

   lsof +c 0 | grep "\.Trash"
   

9. Flush and Reset All DNS Caches in OS X 10.10+

   via http://osxdaily.com/2014/11/20/flush-dns-cache-mac-os-x/
   From OS X 10.10.4 moving onward, including 10.11, Apple has ditched discoveryd and has replaced it (or rather, reverted back to) mDNSResponder. Thus, to clear DNS caches in OS X Yosemite 10.10.4, and 10.11 El Capitan, and presumably onward, the command string is as follows:

   sudo dscacheutil -flushcache;sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder;say cache flushed
   

   That command flushes all DNS caches for OS X 10.10.4+.

10. Detailed Wi-Fi Connection History

    OS X Yosemite 10.10 and newer:

    defaults read /Library/Preferences/SystemConfiguration/com.apple.airport.preferences |grep LastConnected -A 7
    

11. How to Repair Disk Permissions in OS X El Capitan from Command Line

    via: http://osxdaily.com/2015/11/04/verify-repair-permissions-mac-os-x/

    sudo /usr/libexec/repair_packages --repair --standard-pkgs --volume /
    

12. Configuring Split Tunnel for VPN

via: https://documentation.meraki.com/MX-Z/Client_VPN/Configuring_Split-tunnel_Client_VPN

First, disable full tunnel (all traffic over the VPN):

1. Navigate to the specific VPN settings for OS X, located under System Preferences > Network.
2. Click Advanced Settings
3. Under "Options" section, deselect “Send all traffic over VPN”

Add a new route to local routing table:

1. Connect to the Client VPN
2. Open the Terminal Application; normally this is located in Applications > Utilities > Terminal
3. Verify the PPP interface that is being used for the Client VPN, this can be done by typing ifconfig
4. As a superuser, enter the following command, replacing the relevant information between the <> markings: Note: "Destination subnet" refers to the local LAN subnet on the appliance's site, not the Client VPN subnet specified in Dashboard.

Route add -net <destination subnet>/<subnet mask in CIDR notation> -interface <VPN interface>

Example: sudo route add 10.0.1.0/24 –interface ppp0

To verify that the route was added take a look at the routing table, the new subnet should now have an entry. The route table can be accessed by typing netstat -r.

The route table will have to be modified depending on what networks will be accessed over the Client VPN (e.g. more than one network behind the concentrator). The interface will also have to be modified if there is more than one VPN configured on the client.

"/System/Library/Extensions/TMSafetyNet.kext/Helpers/bypass" should be "/System/Library/Extensions/TMSafetyNet.kext/Contents/Helpers‌/bypass".