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apt-get update
Synchronizes the list of packages on your system to the list in the repositories. Use it before installing new packages to make sure you are installing the latest version.
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apt-get upgrade
Upgrades all of the software packages you have installed.
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clear
Clears previously run commands and text from the terminal screen.
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date
print the current date
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nano
Opens the file example.txt in the Linux text editor Nano
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raspi-config
Opens the configuration settings menu.
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reboot
To reboot immediately
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poweroff
To shutdown immediately
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shutdown -h now
To shutdown immediately
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shutdown -h 01:22
To shutdown at 1:22 AM.
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cat example.txt
Displays the contents of the file example.txt.
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cd /abc/xyz
Changes the current directory to the /abc/xyz directory
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ls -l
Lists files in the current directory, along with file size, date modified, and permissions.
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cp XXX
Copies the file or directory XXX and pastes it to a specified location; i.e. cp examplefile.txt /home/pi/office/ copies examplefile.txt in the current directory and pastes it into the /home/pi/ directory. If the file is not in the current directory, add the path of the file’s location (i.e. cp /home/pi/documents/examplefile.txt /home/pi/office/ copies the file from the documents directory to the office directory).
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mv XXX
Moves the file or directory named XXX to a specified location. For example, mv examplefile.txt /home/pi/office/ moves examplefile.txt in the current directory to the /home/pi/office directory. If the file is not in the current directory, add the path of the file’s location (i.e. cp /home/pi/documents/examplefile.txt /home/pi/office/ moves the file from the documents directory to the office directory). This command can also be used to rename files (but only within the same directory). For example, mv examplefile.txt newfile.txt renames examplefile.txt to newfile.txt, and keeps it in the same directory
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mkdir example_directory
Creates a new directory named example_directory inside the current directory
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rm example.txt
Deletes the file example.txt
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rmdir example_directory
Deletes the directory example_directory (only if it is empty)
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rm -rf theDir
Removing directories and the stuff in them.
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touch example.txt
Creates a new, empty file named example.txt in the current directory.
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scp [email protected]:/some/path/file.txt
Copies a file over SSH. Can be used to download a file from a PC to the Raspberry Pi. [email protected] is the username and local IP address of the PC, and /some/path/file.txt is the path and file name of the file on the PC.
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ifconfig
To check the status of the wireless connection you are using (to see if wlan0 has acquired an IP address).
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iwconfig
To check which network the wireless adapter is using
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iwlist wlan0 scan
Prints a list of the currently available wireless networks.
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nmap
Scans your network and lists connected devices, port number, protocol, state (open or closed) operating system, MAC addresses, and other information.
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ping
Tests connectivity between two devices connected on a network. For example, ping 10.0.0.32 will send a packet to the device at IP 10.0.0.32 and wait for a response. It also works with website addresses.
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wget http://www.website.com/example.txt
Downloads the file example.txt from the web and saves it to the current directory.
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cat /proc/meminfo
Shows details about your memory.
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cat /proc/partitions
Shows the size and number of partitions on your SD card or hard drive.
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cat /proc/version
Shows you which version of the Raspberry Pi you are using.
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df -h
Shows information about the available disk space
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df /
Shows how much free disk space is available.
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dpkg ––get–selections
Shows all of your installed packages.
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free
Shows how much free memory is available
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hostname -I
Shows the IP address of your Raspberry Pi
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lsusb
Lists USB hardware connected to your Raspberry Pi