repository with includes.cs

public IQueryable<T> GetAll(params Expression<Func<T, object>>[] includes)
{
    IQueryable<T> result = Context.Set<T>();

    if (includes.Any())
    {
        foreach (var include in includes)
        {
            result = result.Include(include);
        }
    }

    return result;
}

public T Get(Expression<Func<T, bool>> predicate, params Expression<Func<T, object>>[] includes)
{
    var result = GetAll();

    if (includes.Any())
    {
        foreach (var include in includes)
        {
            result = result.Include(include);
        }
    }
    return result.FirstOrDefault(predicate);
}

sample.cs

var product = _productRepository.Get(i => i.Id == productId,
                i => i.Categories);
                
var productList = _productRepository.GetAll(i => i.Categories);

Acho que voce poderia passar o predicate e os includes direto para o GetAll e depois so dar 1 firstOrDefault, so para nao precisar fazer essa loga do includes.Any() 2 vezes.