This is the Fastly tech stack / backend infrastructure
Reverse proxy / TLS termination / load balancing: h2o https://github.com/h2o/h2o/tree/master [MIT license] (https://h2o.examp1e.net/configure/proxy_directives.html)
Caching server: Varnish Enterprise https://www.varnish-software.com/products/varnish-enterprise/ [not open source] (there is an open source version of varnish)
Authoratative DNS server: NSD https://github.com/NLnetLabs/nsd [BSD-3-Clause license] (https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/projects/nsd/about/) (does not offer authoratative DNS to customers, but does give customers a CNAME that is tied to Fastly nameservers running NSD)
Web App Firewall (WAF): Signal Sciences https://github.com/signalsciences [not open source] (https://www.fastly.com/products/web-application-api-protection)
Hosting provider: Google Cloud https://cloud.google.com/ (appears to be Google Cloud in most cases)