Compute Logarithm and Exponentiation Tables for Fast Multiplication and Inversion over GF(2^8)

README.md

1. Clone this gist repository.
2. Setup python virtual environment.

# `cd` into this gist
python3 -m venv .
source bin/activate

3. Fetch dependencies.

python -m pip install -r requirements.txt

4. Run the script and get log and exp table for GF($2^8$).

python comp-gf256-exp-and-log-table.py

Expected output:

Galois Field:
  name: GF(2^8)
  characteristic: 2
  degree: 8
  order: 256
  irreducible_poly: x^8 + x^4 + x^3 + x + 1
  is_primitive_poly: False
  primitive_element: x + 1

Exp table: [1, 3, 5, 15, 17, 51, 85, 255, 26, 46, 114, 150, 161, 248, 19, 53, 95, 225, 56, 72, 216, 115, 149, 164, 247, 2, 6, 10, 30, 34, 102, 170, 229, 52, 92, 228, 55, 89, 235, 38, 106, 190, 217, 112, 144, 171, 230, 49, 83, 245, 4, 12, 20, 60, 68, 204, 79, 209, 104, 184, 211, 110, 178, 205, 76, 212, 103, 169, 224, 59, 77, 215, 98, 166, 241, 8, 24, 40, 120, 136, 131, 158, 185, 208, 107, 189, 220, 127, 129, 152, 179, 206, 73, 219, 118, 154, 181, 196, 87, 249, 16, 48, 80, 240, 11, 29, 39, 105, 187, 214, 97, 163, 254, 25, 43, 125, 135, 146, 173, 236, 47, 113, 147, 174, 233, 32, 96, 160, 251, 22, 58, 78, 210, 109, 183, 194, 93, 231, 50, 86, 250, 21, 63, 65, 195, 94, 226, 61, 71, 201, 64, 192, 91, 237, 44, 116, 156, 191, 218, 117, 159, 186, 213, 100, 172, 239, 42, 126, 130, 157, 188, 223, 122, 142, 137, 128, 155, 182, 193, 88, 232, 35, 101, 175, 234, 37, 111, 177, 200, 67, 197, 84, 252, 31, 33, 99, 165, 244, 7, 9, 27, 45, 119, 153, 176, 203, 70, 202, 69, 207, 74, 222, 121, 139, 134, 145, 168, 227, 62, 66, 198, 81, 243, 14, 18, 54, 90, 238, 41, 123, 141, 140, 143, 138, 133, 148, 167, 242, 13, 23, 57, 75, 221, 124, 132, 151, 162, 253, 28, 36, 108, 180, 199, 82, 246, 1, 3, 5, 15, 17, 51, 85, 255, 26, 46, 114, 150, 161, 248, 19, 53, 95, 225, 56, 72, 216, 115, 149, 164, 247, 2, 6, 10, 30, 34, 102, 170, 229, 52, 92, 228, 55, 89, 235, 38, 106, 190, 217, 112, 144, 171, 230, 49, 83, 245, 4, 12, 20, 60, 68, 204, 79, 209, 104, 184, 211, 110, 178, 205, 76, 212, 103, 169, 224, 59, 77, 215, 98, 166, 241, 8, 24, 40, 120, 136, 131, 158, 185, 208, 107, 189, 220, 127, 129, 152, 179, 206, 73, 219, 118, 154, 181, 196, 87, 249, 16, 48, 80, 240, 11, 29, 39, 105, 187, 214, 97, 163, 254, 25, 43, 125, 135, 146, 173, 236, 47, 113, 147, 174, 233, 32, 96, 160, 251, 22, 58, 78, 210, 109, 183, 194, 93, 231, 50, 86, 250, 21, 63, 65, 195, 94, 226, 61, 71, 201, 64, 192, 91, 237, 44, 116, 156, 191, 218, 117, 159, 186, 213, 100, 172, 239, 42, 126, 130, 157, 188, 223, 122, 142, 137, 128, 155, 182, 193, 88, 232, 35, 101, 175, 234, 37, 111, 177, 200, 67, 197, 84, 252, 31, 33, 99, 165, 244, 7, 9, 27, 45, 119, 153, 176, 203, 70, 202, 69, 207, 74, 222, 121, 139, 134, 145, 168, 227, 62, 66, 198, 81, 243, 14, 18, 54, 90, 238, 41, 123, 141, 140, 143, 138, 133, 148, 167, 242, 13, 23, 57, 75, 221, 124, 132, 151, 162, 253, 28, 36, 108, 180, 199, 82, 246]

Log table: [0, 0, 25, 1, 50, 2, 26, 198, 75, 199, 27, 104, 51, 238, 223, 3, 100, 4, 224, 14, 52, 141, 129, 239, 76, 113, 8, 200, 248, 105, 28, 193, 125, 194, 29, 181, 249, 185, 39, 106, 77, 228, 166, 114, 154, 201, 9, 120, 101, 47, 138, 5, 33, 15, 225, 36, 18, 240, 130, 69, 53, 147, 218, 142, 150, 143, 219, 189, 54, 208, 206, 148, 19, 92, 210, 241, 64, 70, 131, 56, 102, 221, 253, 48, 191, 6, 139, 98, 179, 37, 226, 152, 34, 136, 145, 16, 126, 110, 72, 195, 163, 182, 30, 66, 58, 107, 40, 84, 250, 133, 61, 186, 43, 121, 10, 21, 155, 159, 94, 202, 78, 212, 172, 229, 243, 115, 167, 87, 175, 88, 168, 80, 244, 234, 214, 116, 79, 174, 233, 213, 231, 230, 173, 232, 44, 215, 117, 122, 235, 22, 11, 245, 89, 203, 95, 176, 156, 169, 81, 160, 127, 12, 246, 111, 23, 196, 73, 236, 216, 67, 31, 45, 164, 118, 123, 183, 204, 187, 62, 90, 251, 96, 177, 134, 59, 82, 161, 108, 170, 85, 41, 157, 151, 178, 135, 144, 97, 190, 220, 252, 188, 149, 207, 205, 55, 63, 91, 209, 83, 57, 132, 60, 65, 162, 109, 71, 20, 42, 158, 93, 86, 242, 211, 171, 68, 17, 146, 217, 35, 32, 46, 137, 180, 124, 184, 38, 119, 153, 227, 165, 103, 74, 237, 222, 197, 49, 254, 24, 13, 99, 140, 128, 192, 247, 112, 7]

comp-gf256-exp-and-log-table.py

#!/usr/bin/python

import galois

# Irreducible Polynomial is taken from "Table of Low-Weight Binary Irreducible Polynomials"
# @ <https://shiftleft.com/mirrors/www.hpl.hp.com/techreports/98/HPL-98-135.pdf>
#
# This same irreducible polynomial is used in AES. Also Intel GFNI intrinsics use the one.
# More @ https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/docs/intrinsics-guide/index.html#ig_expand=4114,605,606,5804,565,5804,3975,4029,3975,4029,605,606,5788,557,5807,4031,4110,4110,557,5807,4110,307,6009,6420,545,557,545,6009,6009,6550,4110,7114,6550,6009,5014,5071,2674,2675,3663,3660,3657,3657,3657&text=vgf2p8mulb
IRREDUCIBLE_POLYNOMIAL = "x^8 + x^4 + x^3 + x + 1"

# Following https://crypto.stackexchange.com/a/12962
def compute_gf256_exp_and_log_table():
    gf256 = galois.GF(2 ** 8, irreducible_poly=IRREDUCIBLE_POLYNOMIAL)
    print(gf256.properties)

    n = gf256.order
    m = n - 1
    exp_table = [0] * (2 * n - 2)
    log_table = [0] * n

    x = gf256(1)
    for i in range(m):
        exp_table[i] = int(x)
        exp_table[i + m] = int(x)
        log_table[int(x)] = i

        x = gf256.primitive_element * x

    print(f"\nExp table: {exp_table}")
    print(f"\nLog table: {log_table}")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    compute_gf256_exp_and_log_table()

requirements.txt

galois==0.4.6