New Dockerfile

e2b.Dockerfile

FROM ubuntu:22.04

# Set environment variables
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive \
    DEBIAN_PRIORITY=high \
    PIP_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT=100 \
    PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK=1 \
    PIP_NO_CACHE_DIR=1

# Basic system setup
# These are core dependencies needed by nearly all other components
# software-properties-common: Required for add-apt-repository
# build-essential: Needed for compiling various packages
RUN apt-get update && \
    apt-get -y upgrade && \
    apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
    software-properties-common \
    apt-transport-https \
    curl \
    wget \
    git \
    build-essential \
    sudo \
    locales \
    util-linux \
    net-tools \
    netcat \
    vim \
    unzip && \
    yes | unminimize

# Install X11 and desktop environment
# These packages provide the graphical environment and are required for any GUI applications
# xserver-xorg, xorg: Core X server components
# xfce4: The desktop environment that will host the applications
# x11vnc: Required for remote desktop access via noVNC
RUN apt-get update && \
    apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
    xserver-xorg \
    xorg \
    xvfb \
    x11-utils \
    x11-xserver-utils \
    dbus-x11 \
    xauth \
    xterm \
    xdotool \
    xfce4 \
    xfce4-goodies \
    xubuntu-icon-theme \
    mutter \
    tint2 \
    x11vnc \
    scrot

# Install Python and development tools
# Python is required for:
# 1. noVNC's websockify component (converts VNC to WebSockets)
# 2. Any Python scripts you might run in the environment
RUN apt-get update && \
    apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
    python-is-python3 \
    python3-dev \
    python3-pip \
    python3-tk \
    python3-xlib \
    python3-jwt \
    python3-oauthlib \
    python3-lazr.restfulclient \
    python3-launchpadlib \
    libssl-dev \
    zlib1g-dev \
    libbz2-dev \
    libreadline-dev \
    libsqlite3-dev \
    libncursesw5-dev \
    xz-utils \
    tk-dev \
    libxml2-dev \
    libxmlsec1-dev \
    libffi-dev \
    liblzma-dev

# Install Python packages
# mux_python, requests: Used for API communication
# numpy: Required by websockify for noVNC
RUN pip3 install mux_python requests numpy

# Install noVNC and websockify
# noVNC provides browser-based VNC access
# websockify (requires Python & numpy) translates WebSockets to VNC protocol
RUN git clone --branch e2b-desktop https://github.com/e2b-dev/noVNC.git /opt/noVNC && \
    git clone --branch v0.12.0 https://github.com/novnc/websockify /opt/noVNC/utils/websockify && \
    ln -s /opt/noVNC/vnc.html /opt/noVNC/index.html

# Set default terminal
RUN sudo ln -sf /usr/bin/xfce4-terminal.wrapper /etc/alternatives/x-terminal-emulator

# Install common applications (placed last for easier updates)
# These user applications depend on X11 and desktop environment
# Mozilla PPA is required for Firefox installation
# Install common applications (placed last for easier updates)
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y gnupg && \
    sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/ppa && \
    apt-get update && \
    apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
    libreoffice \
    firefox-esr \
    gnumeric \
    x11-apps \
    xpdf \
    gedit \
    xpaint \
    galculator \
    pcmanfm \
    ffmpeg \
    gnome-screenshot

# Copy configuration files
# 45-allow-colord.pkla: PolicyKit configuration for color management
# Xauthority: X11 authentication file (required for X11 security)
# wallpaper.png: Desktop background image for XFCE
COPY ./45-allow-colord.pkla /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/45-allow-colord.pkla
COPY ./Xauthority /home/user/.Xauthority
COPY ./wallpaper.png /usr/share/backgrounds/xfce/wallpaper.png

# Install VS Code (placed last for easier updates)
# Requires apt-transport-https and wget from the base system
# VS Code depends on X11 for its GUI
RUN wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | apt-key add - && \
    add-apt-repository -y "deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/vscode stable main" && \
    apt-get update -y && \
    apt-get install -y code

# Configure VS Code
# Creates settings that:
# - Enable auto-save (requires VS Code installation)
# - Disable workspace trust prompts (improves usability in container)
RUN mkdir -p /home/user/.config/Code/User && \
    echo '{"files.autoSave": "afterDelay", "files.autoSaveDelay": 200, "security.allowHttp": true, "security.workspace.trust.startupPrompt": "never", "security.workspace.trust.enabled": false, "security.workspace.trust.banner": "never", "security.workspace.trust.emptyWindow": false}' > /home/user/.config/Code/User/settings.json

# Clean up
# Reduces image size by removing package caches
RUN apt-get clean && \
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

fyi., we no longer need to include Mux