001.php

<?php

function foobar($filename) {
  $f = fopen($filename, "r");
  if (! $f) throw new Exception("Cannot open file $filename");
  
  // Do stuff, maybe throw some exceptions
}

try {
  $tmp = foobar("/my/file");
} catch (Exception $e) {
  print "An error has occurred. Using default values";
  $tmp = "somedefaultvalue";
}

002.php

<?php

try { 
  print "this is our try block\n";
  throw new Exception();
} catch (Exception $e) {
  print "something went wrong\n";
} finally {
  print "This part is always executed\n";
}

/* Output:
this is our try block
something went wrong
This part is always executed
*/

003.php

<?php
 
// Runtime Exception is not caught by the catch-blocks
try { 
  print "this is our try block\n";
  throw new RuntimeException();
} catch (LogicException $e) {
  print "something logical went wrong\n";
} catch (BadMethodCallException $e) {
  print "something made a bad method call\n";
} finally {
  print "This part is always executed\n";
}

/* Output:
this is our try block
This part is always executed

Fatal error: Uncaught exception 'RuntimeException' in 003.php:6
Stack trace:
#0 {main}
  thrown in 003.php on line 6
*/

004.php

<?php

function foo() {
  try { 
    print "Try block\n";
    throw new RuntimeException("foobar!");
  } catch (LogicException $e) {
    print "Exception raised: " . $e->getMessage() . "\n";
  } finally {
    print "Finally, some cleanup!\n";
  }
}

try {
  foo();
} catch (RuntimeException $e) {
  print "outer exception: " . $e->getMessage() . "\n";
} finally {
  print "Outer finally\n";
}

/* Output:
Try block
Finally, some cleanup!
outer exception: foobar!
Outer finally
*/

005.php

<?php
function foobar() {
  try {  
    $a = 42;
    return $a;
  } catch (Exception $e) {
    print "Exception!\n";
  } finally {
    print "Finally called!\n";
  }
  
  return -1;
}

print foobar() . "\n";

/* Output:
Finally called!
42
*/

006.php

<?php
function foobar() {
  try {
    throw new Exception();
    return 1;
  } catch (Exception $e) {
    print "Exception!\n";
    return 2;
  } finally {
    print "Finally called!\n";
    return 3;
  }

  return -1;
}

print foobar() . "\n";

/* Output:
Exception!
Finally called!
3
*/

007.php

<?php
function bar1() {
  print "bar1 called\n";
  return 1;
}

function bar2() {
  print "bar2 called\n";
  return 2;
}
function bar3() {
  print "bar3 called\n";
  return 3;
}

function foobar() {
  try {
    throw new Exception();
    return bar1();
  } catch (Exception $e) {
    print "Exception!\n";
    return bar2();
  } finally {
    print "Finally called!\n";
    return bar3();
  }
  
  return -1;
}
 
print foobar() . "\n";
 
/* Output:
Exception!
bar2 called
Finally called!
bar3 called
3
*/