Nginx Configration

nginx-conf

Nginx Configuration

nginx-conf-1-location-block-match-priority.md

1. Exact Match =

location = /greeting {
  return 200 'Hello There! Matched using "Exact Pattern"';
}

2. Preferential Prefix Match ^~

location ^~ /greeting {
  return 200 'Hello There! Matched using "Preferential Prefix Pattern"';
}

3. REGEX Match ~

location ~ /greet[ing] {
  return 200 'Hello There! Matched using "REGEX Pattern"';
}

4. Prefix Match

location /greeting {
  return 200 'Hello There! Matched using "Prefix Pattern"';
}

nginx-conf-2-conditionals-and-variables.md

server {
  ...
  set $weekend 'No';

  if ( $date_local ~ 'Saturday|Sunday' ) {
    set $weekend 'Yes';
  }

  location /shoud-rest {
    return 200 "Need to rest? $weekend \nWhy? Because it's $date_local";
  }
  ...
}

nginx-conf-3-redirects-and-rewrites.md

Redirect Example

When address: /logo was visited, redirect to /img.jpg

location = /logo {
  return 307 /img.jpg;
}

Rewrite Example

Give "Hello John" if /user/john is visited, otherwise give "Hello User", all of this without redirecting from /user/*.

rewrite ^/user/(\w+) /greet/$1;

location /greet {
  return 200 "Hello User";
}

location /greet/john {
  return 200 "Hello John";
}

Try Files Example

Assuming that /img.jpg exists on root, that image would be loaded first, if not, the /greet path would be. Nginx' try_files works similar to rewrite.

try_files $uri /img.jpg /greet /custom_404;

location /greet {
  return 200 "Hello User";
}

Custom 404

Using try_files, for instance when /does-not-exists is visited, it will then point to @custom_404 in which you can handle the error yourself.

try_files $uri /greet @custom_404;

location @custom_404 {
  return 404 "Sorry, we cannot find the page you are looking for";
}

nginx-conf-4-logging.md

By default, there are 2 log types in Nginx: Access Log and Error Log

Custom Access Log

When path: /friends is visited, it will log to the file /var/log/nginx/friends.access.log instead of the default /var/log/nginx/access.log

location /friends {
  access_log /var/log/nginx/friends.access.log;
  return 200 "Your friends are waiting for you";
}

Disable Access Log

To disable logging in a given context, for example in path: /enemies

location /enemies {
  access_log off;
  return 200 "Your enemies are also your friends";
}