Proxmox Hourly Snapshot Rotation Script: This Bash script automates the creation of hourly snapshots for running Proxmox VMs, while automatically deleting older snapshots to maintain a manageable rotation. It uses Proxmox CLI commands (pct and qm) without requiring additional libraries, making it lightweight and efficient. The script includes op…

proxmox-create-hourly-rotating-snapshot.sh

#!/bin/bash

# Variables
DATE=$(date +"%Y%m%d%H")
DEFAULT_KEEP=24  # Default number of snapshots to keep
DEFAULT_RETAIN_DAYS=7  # Default days to keep LVM archive files
DRY_RUN=false
QUIET=false
KEEP=$DEFAULT_KEEP
RETAIN_DAYS=$DEFAULT_RETAIN_DAYS

# Help function
function show_help {
  echo "Usage: $0 [-n | --dry-run for dry-run mode] [-q | --quiet to suppress output] [-k | --keep <number> to set snapshots to keep]"
  echo "           [--retain-days <number> to set days to keep LVM archives] [-h | --help for help]"
  exit 0
}

# Parse parameters
while [[ "$#" -gt 0 ]]; do
  case $1 in
    -n|--dry-run) DRY_RUN=true ;;
    -q|--quiet) QUIET=true ;;
    -k|--keep) KEEP="$2"; shift ;;
    --retain-days) RETAIN_DAYS="$2"; shift ;;
    -h|--help) show_help ;;
    -*|--*) echo "Unrecognized option: $1"; show_help ;;
  esac
  shift
done

# Function to delete old LVM archive files
delete_old_lvm_archives() {
  local archive_path="/etc/lvm/archive"
  if [ -d "$archive_path" ]; then
    $QUIET || echo "Cleaning LVM archive files older than $RETAIN_DAYS days..."
    if [ "$DRY_RUN" = true ]; then
      find "$archive_path" -type f -mtime +$RETAIN_DAYS -print
    else
      find "$archive_path" -type f -mtime +$RETAIN_DAYS -exec rm {} +
    fi
  fi
}

# Apply archive cleanup before snapshot management
delete_old_lvm_archives

# Main snapshot management logic
$QUIET || echo "Fetching VM list from pvesh..."
pvesh get /cluster/resources --type vm --output-format text --human-readable 0 --noborder --noheader | \
  awk '{split($1, a, "/"); TYPE=a[1]; VMID=a[2]; STATUS=$(NF-2); print TYPE, VMID, STATUS}' | \
  while read -r TYPE VMID STATUS; do

  # Skip VMs that are not running
  if [ "$STATUS" != "running" ]; then
    $QUIET || echo "Skipping VM $VMID ($TYPE) - Status: $STATUS"
    continue
  fi
  
  # Set the snapshot command based on VM type
  if [ "$TYPE" == "lxc" ]; then
    SNAP_CMD="pct"
  elif [ "$TYPE" == "qemu" ]; then
    SNAP_CMD="qm"
  else
    continue
  fi

  # Create snapshot in dry-run mode or execute normally
  if [ "$DRY_RUN" = true ]; then
    $QUIET || echo "[Dry-Run] Would create snapshot: $SNAP_CMD snapshot $VMID auto_$DATE"
  else
    $QUIET || echo "Creating snapshot: $SNAP_CMD snapshot $VMID auto_$DATE"
    $SNAP_CMD snapshot $VMID auto_$DATE
  fi

  # Retrieve snapshots and delete oldest if exceeding the keep limit
  SNAPSHOTS=($($SNAP_CMD listsnapshot $VMID | grep -oP 'auto_\d{10}' | sort -r))  # Sort newest first
  SNAP_COUNT=${#SNAPSHOTS[@]}

  if [ "$SNAP_COUNT" -gt "$KEEP" ]; then
    for (( i=KEEP; i<SNAP_COUNT; i++ )); do
      OLD_SNAP="${SNAPSHOTS[$i]}"
      if [ "$DRY_RUN" = true ]; then
        $QUIET || echo "[Dry-Run] Would delete snapshot: $SNAP_CMD delsnapshot $VMID $OLD_SNAP"
      else
        $QUIET || echo "Deleting snapshot: $SNAP_CMD delsnapshot $VMID $OLD_SNAP"
        $SNAP_CMD delsnapshot $VMID $OLD_SNAP
      fi
    done
  fi
done