Ubuntu Server 101

ubuntu server 101

sudo traceroute -n -w 2 -q 2 -m 30 8.8.8.8
dig @8.8.8.8 www.example.com.
dig @2001:4860:4860::8888 www.example.com. AAAA
dig www.example.com. @4.2.2.1

sudo netstat -plunt
netstat -tuplen

nmcli dev list iface eth0 | grep IP4

mtr
nc
route -n
netstat -rn | grep -v ESTA
netstat -ntl
ip route list
ip -4 a

find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;
find . -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;

chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/site
grep -r "foo" $(pwd)

usermod -a -G group user
useradd username
passwd username
usermod -m -d /path/to/new/home/dir userNameHere

php -r 'echo ini_get("memory_limit") . "\n";'
php -i | grep php.ini
apachectl configtest
apache2 -S
apachectl configtest
stop all apache processes: sudo apachectl -k stop
sudo a2ensite website.com.conf