Mysqldump from Docker container

docker exec -i mysql_container mysqldump -uroot -proot --databases database_name --skip-comments > /path/to/my/dump.sql

OBS

This will generate a dump.sql file in your host machine. Awesome, eh?
Avoid using --compact on your dump. This will make MySQL check your constraints which will cause troubles when reading your file (damm you MySQL). And don't use --force to fix this scenario: recreate your dump without --compact ¯_(ツ)_/¯
You can execute the same command for both Docker and Docker Compose scenarios 😉
To import again your dump in a MySQL container, the best approach is to have another container with your dump files added during the build process. In my experience, the usage of making Docker read the dump from your host right to the guest caused troubles (errors like socket.error: [Errno 32] Broken pipe and the terrific ValueError: file descriptor cannot be a negative integer (-1) described here). So, in order to import again your dump:
- From Docker Compose:
```
docker-compose exec mysql_service /bin/bash -c 'mysql -uroot -proot < /path/to/my/dump.sql'
```
- From Docker:
```
docker exec mysql_container /bin/bash -c 'mysql -uroot -proot < /path/to/my/dump.sql'
```