Jquery Failing to strip html, and show visible info

gistfile1.ascx

@using CCBlog.Classes
@model IEnumerable<CCBlog.Classes.LastFmWrapper.Track>
           
@{ 

    ViewBag.Title = "About Me";
 
}
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(document).ready(function () {

        // click on album art event
        $("ul.lfm-thumb li").click(function () {
            $('#lfm-feature').empty();
            var copy = $(this).clone();
            copy.find('li')
                .remove()
                .end();
            alert(copy);
            $(copy).appendTo('#lfm-feature');


            copy = $(this).next().clone();
            copy.css('display', 'block');
            $('#lfm-feature').append(copy);
        });

        // mousing functions to do the fancy zoom animation
        $("ul.lfm-thumb li").hover(function () {
            if ($(this).hasClass("lfm-lefborder")) {
                marTop = '110px';
                marLeft = '110px';
            } else {
                marTop = '-110px'; /* vertically align this image */
                marLeft = '-110px';
            }
            $(this).css({ 'z-index': '10' }); /*Add a higher z-index value so this image stays on top*/
            $(this).find('img').addClass("hover").stop() /* Add class of "hover", then stop animation queue buildup*/
    .animate({
        marginTop: marTop,
        marginLeft: marLeft,
        top: '50%',
        left: '50%',
        width: '174px', /* Set new width */
        height: '174px',
        padding: '20px'
    }, 200); /* this value of "200" is the speed of how fast/slow this hover animates */
        }, function () {
            $(this).css({ 'z-index': '0' }); /* Set z-index back to 0 */
            $(this).find('img').removeClass("hover").stop() /* Remove the "hover" class , then stop animation queue buildup*/
.animate({
    marginTop: '0', /* Set alignment back to default */
    marginLeft: '0',
    top: '0px',
    left: '0px',
    width: '100px', /* Set width back to default */
    height: '100px', /* Set height back to default */
    padding: '1px'
}, 400);
        }); // end of animation

    });
</script>

<div id="text_header">
    <div class="content">
        <h1>About</h1>

    </div>
</div>
<!-- End text header -->
<!-- Begin page content -->
<div id="page_content">
    <div class="full_width">
       
            <!-- lfm data -->
<div id="LFM-Mod-Container">
            @* Iterate over the Last.FM data and display it in an attractive format *@
@foreach (var group in Model.Select((x, i) => new { Group = i / 3, Item = x }).Take(9)
                            .GroupBy(x => x.Group)) {
    <ul class="lfm-thumb">  
    @foreach(var x in group) {
        <li>
        @if (x.Item.image != string.Empty) {
            <img src="@x.Item.image.ToString()" class="lfm-artwork" alt="@x.Item.album"/>
        } else {
            <img src="/Content/images/lfm/NoAlbumArt.jpg" class="lfm-artwork" alt="No Album Art Available" />
        }
        </li> 
        <span class="lfm-feature-info" style="display: none;">
            <br />Title: @x.Item.name
            <br />Artist: @x.Item.artist
            <br />Album: @x.Item.album
        </span>
        
       
    }
    </ul>
 }
 <div id="lfm-feature">
 
 </div>

 </div> <!-- /LFM-Mod-Container -->

              <!-- /lfm data -->

      
     </div>
</div>