python_functions.py

# Example 1
def tax(bill):
  """Adds 8% tax to a restaurant bill."""
  bill *= 1.08
  print "With tax: %f" % bill
  return bill

def tip(bill):
  """Adds 15% tip to a restaurant bill."""
  bill *= 1.15
  print "With tip: %f" % bill
  return bill
  
meal_cost = 100
meal_with_tax = tax(meal_cost)
meal_with_tip = tip(meal_with_tax)

# Example 2
def square(n):
  """Returns the square of a number."""
  squared = n ** 2
  print "%d squared is %d." % (n, squared)
  return squared

# Calling the square function to be implemented
square(10)

# Example 3
def power(base, exponent):  # Add your parameters here!
  result = base ** exponent
  print "%d to the power of %d is %d." % (base, exponent, result)

power(37, 4)  # Add your arguments here!

# Example 4: Functions calling functions
def one_good_turn(n):
  return n + 1

def deserves_another(n):
  return one_good_turn(n) + 2

# Example 5: Passing a list as an argument
def list_function(x):
  return x

n = [3, 5, 7]
print list_function(n)

# Example 6: Passing a list as an argument
def list_function(x):
  return x[1]

n = [3, 5, 7]
print list_function(n)

# Example 7: Passing a list as an argument and modifying its content
def list_function(x):
  x[1] += 3
  return x

n = [3, 5, 7]
print n
print list_function(n)
print n

# Example 8: Passing many arguments to a function
def biggest_number(*args):
  print max(args)
  return max(args)
  
def smallest_number(*args):
  print min(args)
  return min(args)
 
def distance_from_zero(arg):
  print abs(arg)
  return abs(arg)

biggest_number(-10, -5, 5, 10)
smallest_number(-10, -5, 5, 10)
distance_from_zero(-10)

# Example 9: Optional arguments
def myfunc(a,b, *args, **kwargs):
  for ar in args:
    print ar
myfunc(a,b,c,d,e,f)

def myfunc(a,b, *args, **kwargs):
  c = kwargs.get('c', None)
  d = kwargs.get('d', None)
  #etc
myfunc(a,b, c='nick', d='dog', ...)