Remove image object markup from rendering in Drupal 7 (Helpful for teaser display)

remove_image_markup.php

<?php
  $body_text_alter_params = array(
    'max_length' => 300,
    'ellipsis' => FALSE,
    'word_boundary' => TRUE,
    'html' => FALSE,
  );
  // Removes unnecessary markup.
  $trimmed_body = check_plain(strip_tags($value->body_value, '<p>'));
  // Trimming the body text as per the parameters defined in
  // {$body_text_alter_params}.
  $trimmed_body = views_trim_text($body_text_alter_params, drupal_html_to_text(check_markup($trimmed_body, $value->body_format)));
?>