C++11 Example

main.cpp

//For demonstration purposes we move reverse into a separate function
//   In C++98 - this would make a deep copy then throw the original
//   In C++11 - It will detect that a temporary is passed. It uses move semantics automatically.
//   Copies the pointer and takes ownership of the buffer. 
//   Doesn't do a shallow copy or deep copy.
//   There is no need to implicitly tell the compiler what to do with a temporary data, 
//   it's error prone while the compiler knows
//   better and the case is very simple for the compiler to detect. 
//   If the user wants, he can tell it explicitly with "string&& s"
string reverse_string(string s) {
    reverse(s.begin(), s.end());
    return s; //Here same thing happens in C++11.
}

int main() {
    vector<future<string>> functions;

    functions.push_back(async([] { return reverse_string( " olleH"); }));
    functions.push_back(async([] { return reverse_string(" nredom"); }));
    functions.push_back(async([] { return reverse_string(    "++C"); }));

    for (auto& elem : functions) {
        cout << elem.get(); //.get() - waiting for the function to finish.
    }
}

//For "async" the compiler will detect if the operations are complex 
//and will choose between executing the code inside the same
//thread or create a new one. It also can be explicitly selected