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@limkhashing
Last active April 8, 2026 07:16
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Engineering Career Paths Framewor

Overview

  • All engineers begin in the Engineering Path
  • At E5, you may choose:
    • Engineering Path
    • Management Path
    • Specialist Path
  • Role/title does NOT directly reflect level (to avoid bias)

Engineering Path

E1 — Intern

Scope: Self & own tasks

Expectations

  • Complete fully specced tasks with guidance
  • Deliver most work on schedule
  • Actively seek coaching and improvement
  • Work towards self-sufficiency by end of internship

Ownership

  • No ownership (learning phase)

Timeframe: 3–6 months


E2 — Software Engineer

Scope: Self & own tasks

Expectations

  • Complete tasks with minimal guidance
  • Seek coaching and improve continuously
  • Be resourceful in solving problems
  • Understand assigned technical areas
  • Collaborate well with team members

Ownership

  • No ownership (still developing)

Timeframe: 6–12 months


E3 — Software Engineer

Scope: Project & team

Expectations

  • Work independently on tasks
  • Handle more complex work
  • Take initiative and responsibility
  • Understand codebase/product/system
  • Suggest improvements
  • Meet deadlines consistently
  • Accept and act on feedback
  • Mentor interns
  • Maintain self-driven learning

Ownership

  • Co-owns area with guidance

Timeframe: 1–3 years


E4 — Senior Engineer

Scope: Project & peers

Expectations

  • Deliver medium to large features independently
  • Own a component/system end-to-end
  • Strong system and architecture understanding
  • Drive improvements proactively
  • Collaborate across teams (Product, Ops, etc.)
  • Provide constructive feedback
  • Maintain high productivity
  • Continuously improve skills
  • Follow best engineering practices

Ownership

  • Owns a service/feature/component

Timeframe: 1–3 years


E5 — Senior Engineer II

Scope: Own team & peers

Expectations

  • Strong understanding of system architecture
  • Make informed technical trade-offs
  • Identify and solve problems proactively
  • Influence team decisions
  • Mentor engineers and unblock others
  • Handle complex technical challenges
  • Strong communication skills
  • Participate in hiring

Ownership

  • Strong ownership of area (performance, DX, monitoring)

Timeframe: ~2 years

Decision Point

Choose:

  • Engineering Path
  • Management Path
  • Specialist Path

Engineering Path II

E6 — Senior Engineer II

Scope: Multiple teams/projects

Expectations

  • Communicate complex systems clearly
  • Align with company strategy
  • Drive technical direction
  • Make high-quality decisions
  • Reduce system complexity
  • Lead adoption of new technologies
  • Improve team performance

Ownership

  • Owns multiple projects/components

Timeframe: ~2 years


E7 — Staff Engineer

Scope: Multiple teams/projects


E8 — Principal Engineer

Scope: Whole organisation


E9 — Engineer of Distinction

Scope: Industry


Management Path

M5 (E5) — Senior Engineer, Team Lead

Scope: Own team & product delivery

Responsibilities

  • Lead projects (planning, sprint, retrospectives)
  • Communicate with non-technical stakeholders
  • Manage team performance and growth
  • Conduct reviews, OKRs, 1:1s
  • Provide feedback and coaching
  • Identify and handle poor performance
  • Help define team direction

Ownership

  • Project delivery & people growth

Timeframe: ~2 years


M6 — Engineering Manager

Scope: 5–15 engineers


M7 — Head of Engineering

Scope: Engineering team


M8 — Director of Engineering

Scope: Organisation


M9 — VP of Engineering

Scope: Industry


Specialist Path

P5 (E5) — Senior Engineer

Scope: Whole team


P6 — Senior Engineer PII

Scope: Multiple teams/components

Ownership

  • Deep expertise in a specific system/component

Timeframe: ~2 years


P7 — Staff Engineer

Scope: Multiple teams/projects


P8 — Principal Engineer

Scope: Organisation


P9 — Architect

Scope: Industry


Delivery Lead (Role)

Not a promotion — assigned to Senior Engineers inclined toward project management

Responsibilities

  1. Project planning and management
  2. Ensure delivery timelines
  3. Work with Product Manager
  4. Provide direction to team
  5. Remove blockers

Designation Format

The designation or title should be designed to reflect the engineer’s role and domain. Format: [role], [domain], [additional role]

Examples

  • Software Engineer
  • Software Engineer, iOS
  • Senior Software Engineer, iOS, Team Lead
  • Senior Software Engineer, Payments

Appendix

References

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