OK, python3

gistfile1.txt

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import sqlite3
from alimentos import *

connection = sqlite3.connect('bancoalimentos.db')
c = connection.cursor()

def create_table():
    c.execute('CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS alimentos (id integer, alimentos text, \
              valor real)')

create_table()

def dados():
    '''
    c.execute("INSERT INTO alimentos VALUES(1,'banana',10.5)")
    c.execute("INSERT INTO alimentos VALUES(2,'batata',10.3)")
    c.execute("INSERT INTO alimentos VALUES(3,'barata',10.4)")
    '''    
    for i in range(len(alimentos)):
        print (lista[i], alimentos[lista[i])
        c.execute("INSERT INTO alimentos(id, alimentos, valor) VALUES(?,?,?)",(i,lista[i],alimentos[lista[i]]))
    connection.commit()



dados()         

Retirei o unicode, como pedido :)

print do python3