State machine

// this script works in linqpad (https://www.linqpad.net/)

void Main()
{
	var day = new DaysRevisions();
	day.State.Dump();
	day.State.To(LifecycleState.Draft, "me");
	day.State.Dump();
	day.State.To(LifecycleState.Historical, "me");
}

public class StateMachine<TEnum> where TEnum : struct, IConvertible
{
	protected Dictionary<TEnum, Func<StateMachine<TEnum>, bool>> _rules;

        [NotMapped]
        public TEnum State {
            get
            {
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(StateString))
                {
                    return (TEnum)(Enum.GetValues(typeof (TEnum)).GetValue(0));
                }
                return (TEnum)Enum.Parse(typeof (TEnum), StateString);
            }
            set
            {
                StateString = value.ToString();
            }
        }

        public string StateString { get; set; }
        public string LastTransitionBy { get; protected set; }

        public class StateTransitionPredicateException : Exception
        {
            public StateTransitionPredicateException(string message)
                : base(message) {}
        }

        public class StateMachineRequiredStateException : Exception
        {
            public StateMachineRequiredStateException(string message)
                : base(message) { }
        }

        public StateMachine(Dictionary<TEnum, Func<StateMachine<TEnum>, bool>> rules)
        {
            if (!typeof(TEnum).IsEnum)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("TEnum must be an enumerated type");
            }
            _rules = rules;
            LastTransitionBy = "";
            StateString = "";
        }

        protected StateMachine()
        {}

        public StateMachine<TEnum> To(TEnum targetState, string approver)
        {
            var predicate = _rules.ContainsKey(targetState) 
                ? _rules[targetState] : (sm) => true;

            if (predicate(this))
            {
                State = targetState;
                StateString = targetState.ToString();
                LastTransitionBy = approver;
            }
            else
            {
                throw new StateTransitionPredicateException(string.Format("The transition from {0} to {1} was not allowed",State, targetState));
            }
            return this;
        }

        public bool Is(TEnum state)
        {
            return State.Equals(state);
        }

        public void Require(TEnum required)
        {
            if (!Is(required))
            {
                throw new StateMachineRequiredStateException("Expected state " + required + " but was " + State);
            }
        }

        public static Func<StateMachine<TEnum>, bool> AllowTransitionFrom(params TEnum[] fromStates)
        {
            return (sm) => fromStates.Contains(sm.State);
        }
}

public class DaysRevisions
{
   public virtual StateMachine<LifecycleState> State { get; protected set; }

   public DaysRevisions()
   {
       var capturedRandomCutoff = 690063227;
       
       // this is the definition of the allowed transitions
       State = new StateMachine<LifecycleState>(new Dictionary<LifecycleState, Func<StateMachine<LifecycleState>, bool>>
       {
           {LifecycleState.Draft, StateMachine<LifecycleState>.AllowTransitionFrom(LifecycleState.Unknown)},
           {LifecycleState.Approved, StateMachine<LifecycleState>.AllowTransitionFrom(LifecycleState.Draft)},
           {LifecycleState.Historical, StateMachine<LifecycleState>.AllowTransitionFrom(LifecycleState.Approved)},
           {LifecycleState.Unknown, (sm) => new Random().Next() > capturedRandomCutoff}
       });
   }
}

public enum LifecycleState
{
   Unknown,
   Draft,
   Approved,
   Historical
}