Common Git Commands

git-commands

Useful Git Commands:

git config --global user.name "Emmanuel Rosani"
git config --global user.email "[email protected]"

//Ignore files globally
//Create .gitignore_global file in the user directory containing files/folders you wish to ignore
git config --global core.excludesfile Users\Rosani\.gitignore_global

git add .
git commit -m "My message"

git status

//show commit logs
git log

// show difference between files
git diff

// Delete File and adds it to staging index
git rm --filename

//Rename file and adds it to staging index
// moving and renaming are synonymous
git mv first_file secondary_file

// Useful only for modified files. Not for deleted files.
git commit -am "Commit Message"

// Undo changes in file
// can be used for branches and files
// -- indicates that we're not checking out on branch,
// we're checking out file in the current branch
git checkout -- index.html // undos changes in index.html file

//Unstage changes in file
git reset HEAD filename.txt

// Amending commits (Make changes to recent commit)
git commit --amend m "New commit message"

// See changes in staged file
git diff --staged

// RESET IS LIKE REWINDING
// Reverting changes to commit
// Undo changes in commit
git revert ed5f91c77f52b3c9ff

// Soft Reset
git reset --soft 7f988b5956661ea8

// Mixed Reset
git reset --mixed 7f988b5956661ea8

// Hard Reset
git reset --hard 7f988b5956661ea8

// Delete untracked files
git clean -f


// Sample .ignore file
# comment
tempfile.txt
*.zip
*.gz
log/*.log.[0-9]
assets/photoshop/
assets/videos/
# Do not ignore videos in this directory
!assets/videos/tour_*.mp4

// Ignore tracked files and not remove the file from the directory
git rm --cached tempfile2.txt

// Track empty directories
add .gitkeep in it

// Create new branch
git branch name_of_branch

// Create a new branch and checkout on it
git checkout -b name_of_branch

// Compare changes between two branches
git diff master..name_of_branch

// checks if commits are merged in current branch
git branch --merged

// Rename a branch
git branch -m name_of_branch name_of_new_branch

// Branch to delete
git branch -d branch_to_delete

// set command prompt to show directory and current branch currently working i.e(explore_california(master) > )
// must be added to .bash_profile file in user/home directory
export PS1='\W$(__git_ps1 "(%s)") > '

// Merge current branch to master branch
// Firstly, checkout to branch you want it to be merged ie (git checkout master)
// branch_to_merge will be merged to master branch
git merge branch_to_merge

// show changes on commits
git show 58b3bfc

// Saving changes in stash
git stash save "Message"

// Show stash list
git stash list

// Show edits in stash
git stash show -p stash@{0}

// Apply changes on a particular stash and delete it
git stash pop stash@{0}

// Apply changes on stash but not delete the stash
git stash apply

// Delete/drop particular stash
git stash drop stash@{0}

// Clear all stashes
git stash clear

// Add remote repository and push it in remote server
// Track remote branches
git remote add origin https://github.com/manters2000/lynda-explore-california-git-training.git
git push -u origin master

// show remote and local branches
git branch -a

// FETCH GUIDELINES:
// fetch from remote repository for synchronization
// - always fetch before work
// - fetch before you push
// - fetch often
git fetch


// Merge from origin master to master branch
// git pull = git fetch + git merge
git pull origin master

// Delete a remote repository
// prepend a colon to the remote branch name
git push origin :non_tracking
git push origin --delete non_tracking

SAMPLE COLLABORATION WORKFLOW
 - git checkout master (Should be on Master branch)
 - git fetch (Find out what new commits has been changed)
 - git merge origin/master (merge changes from local master branch to remote master branch to be totally in synced)
 - git checkout -b feedback_form (creates feedback form branch as a new feature for the new site)
 - git add feedback.html (Add for staging area)
 - git commit -m "Add customer feedback form"
 - git fetch (for any changes added to another collaborates)
 - git push -u origin feedback_form