street_orientation

street_orientation.R

# load libraries
library(tidyverse)
library(osmdata)
library(sf)
library(ggtext)
library(exactextractr)
library(fasterize)
library(ggtext)
library(tidygeocoder)
library(glue)
library(purrr)
library(geosphere)
library(classInt)
library(patchwork)
library(glue)

sf::sf_use_s2(TRUE)

#epsg <- 32632
epsg <- 4326
country <- 'germany'

aoi_citys <- c(#'Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany',
               'München, Germany',
               'Berlin, Germany',
               'Erfurt, Germany',
               'Dresden, Germany',
               'Göttingen, Germany',
               'Kiel, Germany',
               'Hannover, Germany',
               'Essen, Germany',
               'Koblenz, Germany',
               'Greifswald, Germany',
               'Trier, Germany',
               'Kaiserslautern, Germany',
               'Nürnberg, Germany', 
               'Köln, Germany',
               'Regensburg, Germany',
               'Heidelberg, Germany',
               'Rothenburg ob der Tauber, Germany',
               'Bamberg, Germany',
               'Bremen, Germany',
               'Frankfurt, Germany',
               'Schwerin, Germany',
               'Potsdam, Germany',
               'Bonn, Germany',
               'Bacharach, Germany',
               'Tübingen, Germany',
               'Marburg, Germany',
               'Baden-Baden, Germany',
               'Stuttgart, Germany',
               'Sankt Goar, Germany',
               'Fritzlar, Germany',
               'Mittenwald, Germany',
               'Goslar, Germany',
               'Dortmund, Germany',
               'Düsseldorf, Germany',
               'Leipzig, Germany',
               'Duisburg, Germany',
               'Düsseldorf, Germany',
               'Dortmund, Germany',
               'Kassel, Germany',
               'Erfenbach, Germany',
               'Hamburg, Germany')

walk(aoi_citys, function(aoi_city){
  
  city <- tidygeocoder::geo(aoi_city)  %>% 
    st_as_sf(coords = c('long', 'lat'), crs = 4326) %>% 
    st_transform(32632)
  
  # streets data
  big_streets <-  getbb(aoi_city)%>%
    opq(timeout = 100)%>%
    add_osm_feature(key = 'highway',
                    value = c('motorway', 'primary', 'motorway_link', 'primary_link')) %>%
    osmdata_sf()
  big_streets <- big_streets$osm_lines %>%
    st_transform(epsg)
  
  med_streets <-  getbb(aoi_city)%>%
    opq(timeout = 100)%>%
    add_osm_feature(key = 'highway',
                    value = c('secondary', 'tertiary', 'secondary_link', 'tertiary_link')) %>%
    osmdata_sf()
  med_streets <- med_streets$osm_lines %>%
    st_transform(epsg)
  
  small_streets <- getbb(aoi_city)%>%
    opq(timeout = 100)%>%
    add_osm_feature(key = 'highway',
                    value = c('residential', 'living_street',
                              'unclassified',
                              'service', 'footway'
                    )) %>%
    osmdata_sf()
  small_streets <- small_streets$osm_lines %>%
    st_transform(epsg)
  
  crop_buffer <- st_buffer(city, 7500)%>%
    st_transform(epsg)
  
  small_streets_crop <- st_crop(small_streets, crop_buffer)
  small_streets_crop<- st_intersection(small_streets_crop, crop_buffer)
  med_streets_crop <- st_crop(med_streets, crop_buffer)
  med_streets_crop <- st_intersection(med_streets_crop, crop_buffer)
  big_streets_crop <- st_crop(big_streets, crop_buffer)
  big_streets_crop <- st_intersection(big_streets_crop, crop_buffer)
  
  street_plot <- ggplot() +
    geom_sf(data = small_streets_crop, color = '#e7bfbf', lwd = .25, alpha = 0.8) +
    geom_sf(data = med_streets_crop, color = '#fbabab', lwd = .75, alpha = 0.6) +
    geom_sf(data = big_streets_crop, color = '#f74d4d', alpha = 0.4) +
    theme_void()
  
  street_bearing_big <- stplanr::line_bearing(big_streets_crop)
  street_bearing_med <- stplanr::line_bearing(med_streets_crop)
  street_bearing_sma <- stplanr::line_bearing(small_streets_crop)
  
  street_bearing <- tibble(orientation = c(street_bearing_big,
                                           street_bearing_med,
                                           street_bearing_sma))
  
  
  street_bearing <- street_bearing |>
    mutate(course = (orientation + 360) %% 360,
           class_b = cut(orientation, seq(-180, 180, 15)),
           class_c = cut(course, seq(0, 360, 15))) |>
    group_by(class_c) |>
    summarise(count = n()) |>
    drop_na()
  
  
  orientation_plot <- street_bearing |>
    ggplot(aes(x = class_c, y = count)) +
    geom_col(fill = '#fbabab') +
    coord_polar(start = 12.45) +
    theme_void() +
    theme(plot.margin=grid::unit(c(0,0,0,0), 'mm'))
  
  street_plot + orientation_plot + 
    plot_annotation(title = glue('{aoi_city}')) & 
    theme(plot.title.position = 'plot',
          plot.title = element_markdown(size = 32, 
                                        family = 'West',
                                        face = 'bold', 
                                        colour = '#4e4545',
                                        hjust = 0.5,
                                        margin = margin(.3,0,.5,-2, 'cm')),
          plot.caption = element_markdown(size = 12,
                                          colour = '#4e4545',
                                          hjust = 1))
  
  ggsave(glue('plots/{aoi_city}.png'), width = 12, height = 12, dpi = 600)        
})