Tool Instructions

.gitignore

.vagrant/
*.swp

README.md

Vim Instructions

1. Install Vagrant
2. Run vagrant up
3. Run vagrant ssh
4. Type cd tutorial
5. Type vim vim.md

tmux.md

Starting tmux

• tmux

Tmux config file

• ~/.tmux.conf

Tmux "leader"

• Default is <C-b>
• I recommend using <C-Space>

Splits

• <C-">
  • split the window horizontally
• <C-%>
  • split the window vertically

Windows

• <Leader>-c
  • open a new window
• <Leader>-n
  • move to the next window
• <Leader>-#
  • move to window number # (where # is a number)

To change the leader

• <C-b>:set -g prefix C-Space or add set -g prefix C-Space in ~/.tmux.conf

Vagrantfile

# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :

VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION = "2"

Vagrant.configure(VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION) do |config|
  config.vm.box_url = "https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/vagrant/trusty/current/trusty-server-cloudimg-amd64-vagrant-disk1.box"
  config.vm.box = "ubuntu-14.04"
  config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/home/vagrant/tutorial"
  config.vm.provision "shell",
    inline: "sudo apt-get install git -y"

end

vim.md

Starting vim

• vim
• vim name_of_file_to_open
• vim **/*.py open all python files
  • in bash this may require shopt -s globstar
• vimdiff first secondm
  • run this command passing it 2 files to see a diff of the 2 files

Opening Files (from within vim)

• :e name_of_file_to_open

Saving Files

• :x
  • save the current file and exit
• :w
  • save the current file
• :wa
  • save all open files
• :wq
  • save current file and quit
• :waq
  • save all files and quit
• :q!
  • quit without saving any files
• :qa!
  • quit and do not save or prompt to save any open files

Basic Movement

• hjkl
  • left,down,up,right
• w or b
  • move (forward/backward) to the beginning of a word (delimited by blanks & special characters)
• W or B
  • move (forward/backward) to the beginning of a word (delimited by blanks)
• e or ge
  • move (forward/backward) to the end of a word (delimited by blanks & special characters)
• ge or E
  • move (forward/backward) to the end of a word (delimited by blanks)
• <C-u> or <C-d>
  • page up/down by a half screen
• <C-f> or <C-b>
  • page up/down a screen
• gg or G
  • go to beginning/end of document
• f or F
  • jump to a character (forward/backward from the cursor) on current line
• t or T
  • jump until a character (forward/backward from the cursor) on current line
• ; or ,
  • replay last T, t, F, or f
• %
  • move to matching '{', '[', '(', closing html/xml tags
• * or #
  • move cursor to next/previous occurance of word under cursor
• ( or )
  • move cursor forward/backward a sentence
• { or }
  • move cursor forward/backward a paragraph
• zt
  • scrolls the document so your cursor is at the top of the screen
• zb
  • scrolls the document so your cursor is at the bottom of the screen
• zz
  • scrolls the document so your cursor is in the middle of the screen
• <C-o>
  • move cursor to older cursor position
• <C-i>
  • move cursor to newer cursor position

Searching Text

• :q/MATCH_THIS/
  • Show everything in the current buffer that matches the given regex
• :v/MATCH_THIS/
  • Show everything in the current buffer that does NOT match the given regex
• vimgrep
  • :vimgrep /something/g **/*.* find something in all files
  • :vimgrep /something/g ## find something in all opened files
• / or ?
  • search document (forward/backward) for given regex
  • n/N will go (forward/backward) to next search result
• q/
  • show search history for searches done using / or ?
• :set hlsearch / :set nohlsearch
  • highlight search matches in file
• :set incsearch / :set noincsearch
  • highlight search maches as you type

Selecting Text

• V
  • select a line
• <C-v>
  • visual block
• V{/}
  • select expanding blocks up/down
• p
  • paragraph

Editing Text

• u
  • undo last change
• <C-r>
  • redo last undo

Entering Insert Mode

• i
  • 1 character before the cursor
• I
  • at the first character of the current line
• o
  • 1 line after the cursor
• O
  • 1 line above the cursor
• a
  • 1 character after the cursor
• As
  • after the last character of the current line

Cut, Copy & Paste

• y
  • 'yank' (or copy) the selected text
• yy
  • 'yank' (or copy) the current line
• p
  • 'paste' the last yanked text one character after the cursor
• "?y
  • 'yank' into '?' register ( do not use numbers for ? )
• "?p
  • 'paste' from '?' register ( do not use numbers for ? )

Advanced text editing

• <C-v>(select column)I(enter text)<ESC>
  • prepend some text to all columns
• <C-v>$(select column)A(enter text)<ESC>
  • append some text to the end of each line

Chaining Commands

• yiw
  • 'yank inner word'
    • ie: with your cursor on a 'word' yiw will copy that word
• ciw
  • 'change inner word'
    • ie: with your cursor on a 'word' ciw will replace that word and put your into insert mode
• diw
  • 'delete inner word'
• caw
  • 'change around word'
    • ie: with your cursor on a 'word' caw will replace the word (including surrouding whitespace)
• yaw
  • 'yank around word'
• daw
  • 'delete around word'
• ci?
  • 'change inner ?'
    • ie: where '?' is a character like (

Help

• :help
  • documentation
• <C-]>
  • jump in tags (used in help docs)

Misc

• <C-r>= (in insert mode)
  • will allow you to evaluate math expressions

Power Tools

• :arg
  • show or set the current argument list
    • :arg will show it
    • :arg **/*.py will set it to all python files
• :argdo
  • perform an operation on each file in the argument list
  • :argdo %g/something/d will delete all lines containing the word something in all files in the arugment list
• :bufdo
  • perform an operation on each open buffer
  • :bufdo g/something/d will delete all lines containing the word something in all open buffers
• :tabdo
  • perform an operation on each open tab
• ##
  • is the arglist
• %
  • is the current file

Quickfix

• :copen
  • open quickfix
• :cnext
  • go to next quickfix result
• :cprev
  • go to previous quickfix result
• :cold
  • go to previous quickfix buffer
• :cnew
  • go to next quickfix buffer
• :cclose
  • close quickfix

Commands

• .
  • replay last normal mode command
• i
  • inner
• a
  • around
• c
  • change

Settings

• :set showcmd / :set noshowcmd
  • shows commands as they are being typed
• :set number / :set nonumber
  • shows line numbers
• :set relativenumber / :set norelativenumber
  • shows line numbers relative to your cursor
• :set wrap / :set nowrap
  • turn on line wrapping
• :set spell / :set nospell
  • turn on spell checking

History

• q:
  • show command history

Splitting

• :vs
  • vertial split
• :split
  • horizonal split
• <C-w>hjkl
  • move cursor to pane to left,below,above,right
• <C-w><>
  • resize pane to the left or right
• <C-w>+-
  • resize pane to the top or bottom
• <C-w>J
  • switch from vertical to horizonal split
• <C-w>L
  • switch from horizonal to vertical split
• <C-w><C-r>
  • swap pane positions

Executing External Commands

• :! external_command

Registers

• :reg
  • show all registers

Buffers

• :ls
  • show all current buffers
• :bn
  • go to next buffer
• :bp
  • go to previous buffer
• :b#
  • go to buffer # where # is the number of the buffer from :ls
• :bf
  • go to the first buffer
• :bl
  • go to the last buffer

Marks

• m{a-z}
  • will set a mark called whatever you typed after the m which can be jumped to from within the file
• m{A-Z}
  • will set a mark called whatever you typed after the m which can be jumped to from another file
• '{a-zA-Z}
  • will jump to a mark called whatever you typed after the ' (lower case within the file upper case across files)
• :marks
  • will show all current marks

Macros

• q?
  • begin recording a macro into register named ?
• q
  • stop recording a macro (must have been previously recording)
• @?
  • play a recorded macro from register ?
• x@?
  • play a recorded macro from register ? x number of times

Folding

• zf
  • with text selected in visual mode
  • followed by x{direction} where x is the number of lines you want folded
• zc or zC
  • close a fold (one level/recursive)
• zo or zO
  • open a fold (one level/recursive)
• za or zA
  • toggle a fold (one level/recursive)
• zR
  • open all folds
• zM
  • close all folds

Tabs

• vim -p file1 file2 file3
  • open each file in a separate tab
• :tabnew
  • create a new tab
• :tabe
  • open a file in a new tab
• :tabn
  • go to next tab
• :tabfirst
  • go to first tab
• :tabc
  • close current tab

Tips

• Set the argument list to all modified files
  • ":arg git diff --name-only"

Mapping Shortcuts

• Example: Easier quickfix keys
  • :map <F1> :copen<CR>
  • :map <F2> :cnext<CR>
  • :map <F3> :cprev<CR>
  • :map <F12> :cclose<CR>
• Example: Basic Emacs Navigation (in insert mode)
  • :imap <C-e> <End>
  • :imap <C-a> <C-o>0
  • :imap <C-f> <Right>
  • :imap <C-b> <Left>
  • :imap <C-p> <Up>
  • :imap <C-n> <Down>
  • :imap <Esc>f <C-o>W
  • :imap <Esc>b <C-o>B

Vimdiff Commands

• ]c
  • Jump forwards to the next start of a change.
• [c
  • Jump backwards to the previous start of a change.

zsh.md

Starting zsh

• zsh

Defult Shell

• chsh zsh (this may require a system reboot)