custom-error.js

// For a runnable version, see: https://jsbin.com/caboqij/edit?js,console

function MyError() {
  this._error = Error.apply(this, arguments);
  this.message = this._error.message;
  if (Error.captureStackTrace) {
    Error.captureStackTrace(this, MyError);
  }
}

MyError.prototype = Object.create(Error.prototype, {
  name: {
    value: 'MyError'
  },
  stack: {
    get: function() { return this._error.stack; }
  }
});

let err = new MyError('kaboom');

console.log(err.message);             // kaboom
console.log(err instanceof Error);    // true
console.log(err instanceof MyError);  // true
console.log(err.toString());          // MyError: kaboom

console.log(err.stack);
// MyError: kaboom
//     at <anonymous>:18:7

function MyInheritedError() {
  MyError.apply(this, arguments);
  if (Error.captureStackTrace) {
    Error.captureStackTrace(this, MyInheritedError);
  }
}

MyInheritedError.prototype = Object.create(MyError.prototype, {
  name: {
    value: 'MyInheritedError',
  }
});

let err2 = new MyInheritedError('kaboom');

console.log(err2.message);                      // kaboom
console.log(err2 instanceof Error);             // true
console.log(err2 instanceof MyError);           // true
console.log(err2 instanceof MyInheritedError);  // true
console.log(err2.toString());                   // MyInheritedError: kaboom

console.log(err2.stack);
// MyInheritedError: kaboom
//     at <anonymous>:14:8