Extend + method call VS method call

extend_and_method_call_bench.rb

require 'benchmark'

module Foo

  def bar
  end

  def baz
  end

end

module Baz
  def foo
  end

  def bar
  end
end

module Caz
  100.times do |i|
    define_method "meth_#{i}" do
     a = 1
    end
  end
end

class User
  include Foo
  include Baz
  include Caz
end

class BlankUser
end

u = User.new
bu = BlankUser.new

# Let's benchmarks the *worst* case

n = 1_000_000
Benchmark.bmbm do |x|
  x.report("include") { n.times { User.new.bar } }
  x.report("extend") { n.times { BlankUser.new.extend(Foo).bar } }
end

# Ruby1.8
#               user     system      total        real
# include   1.390000   0.300000   1.690000 (  1.694982)
# extend   12.130000   0.360000  12.490000 ( 12.490052)

# Profiler (install ruby-prof gem)
# CLASS
#  %self     total     self     wait    child    calls  name
# 40.65      8.88     3.61     0.00     5.27        1  Integer#times (ruby_runtime:0}
# 26.46      4.75     2.35     0.00     2.40  1000000  Class#new (ruby_runtime:0}
# 13.96      1.24     1.24     0.00     0.00  1000000  Object#initialize (ruby_runtime:0}
# 13.06      1.16     1.16     0.00     0.00  1000000  <Class::Object>#allocate (ruby_runtime:0}
#  5.86      0.52     0.52     0.00     0.00  1000000  Baz#bar (perf.rb:18}
#  0.00      8.88     0.00     0.00     8.88        1  Global#[No method] (perf.rb:46}

# SINGLETON
#  %self     total     self     wait    child    calls  name
# 40.08     26.00    10.42     0.00    15.58        1  Integer#times (ruby_runtime:0}
# 21.42      5.57     5.57     0.00     0.00  1000000  Module#extend_object (ruby_runtime:0}
# 10.81      9.71     2.81     0.00     6.90  1000000  Kernel#extend (ruby_runtime:0}
# 10.15      5.21     2.64     0.00     2.57  1000000  Class#new (ruby_runtime:0}
#  5.38      1.40     1.40     0.00     0.00  1000000  <Class::Object>#allocate (ruby_runtime:0}
#  5.12      1.33     1.33     0.00     0.00  1000000  Module#extended (ruby_runtime:0}
#  4.50      1.17     1.17     0.00     0.00  1000000  Object#initialize (ruby_runtime:0}
#  2.54      0.66     0.66     0.00     0.00  1000000  Foo#bar (perf.rb:6}
#  0.00     26.00     0.00     0.00    26.00        1  Global#[No method] (perf.rb:51}