Running Jekyll from a Docker container. Uses a busybox container to host the Jekyll data (see http://docs.docker.io/en/latest/use/working_with_volumes/).

busybox volume container

# Assuming your Jekyll site is currently in ~/blog
$ sudo docker run -v /home/yourusername/blog:/src -name BLOG-DATA busybox true

# Using the Dockerfile in the current dir
$ sudo docker build -t ubuntu-jekyll .

# Run this container as a daemon using the volumes from the BLOG-DATA container,
# forwarding the container port 4000 to the host port 4000.
$ sudo docker run -volumes-from BLOG-DATA -d -p 4000:4000 -name jekyll ubuntu-jekyll

# Now you can edit your Jekyll site in the host with your favorite editor without installing Ruby in the host!

Dockerfile

FROM ubuntu:12.04

#Install Ruby
RUN apt-get update
RUN DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y install ruby1.9.1 ruby1.9.1-dev make

#Pygments doesn't seem to want to work regardless of version installed
RUN gem install pygments.rb
#Install Jekyll
RUN gem install jekyll

WORKDIR /src

EXPOSE 4000

CMD ["jekyll", "serve", "--watch"]

Sources I used to figure this stuff out (thanks!):
https://workshop.avatarnewyork.com/post/jekyll-up-and-running-with-docker/
https://github.com/Painted-Fox/dockerfiles/blob/master/jekyll.docker
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/articles/docker-explained-using-dockerfiles-to-automate-building-of-images
http://docs.docker.io/en/latest/commandline/cli/
http://docs.docker.io/en/latest/use/working_with_volumes/

Hi, I've just tried and javascript runtime was missing.

Adding nodejs to apt-get dependencies solves this issue :). Thanks for dockerfile.

I saw your comment about Pygments not working. I was able to clear it up and use GFM fenced code blocks using kramdown-with-pygments plug-in. Here's my _config.yml for reference.