CPSC 120 Demonstrate the use of iterators and a few algorithms from the C++ standard library.

cpsc120_iterator.cc

// Gist https://gist.github.com/36392c28705f3b62dda5d99d1db340b3

#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {
  std::vector<int> my_vector{10, 11, 12, 13};
  std::cout << "Traditional counter based for loop\n";
  // https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/for
  for (int index = 0; index < my_vector.size(); index++) {
    std::cout << my_vector.at(index) << "\n";
  }
  std::cout << "Range-based for loop\n";
  // https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/range-for
  for (int element : my_vector) {
    std::cout << element << "\n";
  }
  std::cout << "Traditional for loop using an iterator\n";
  // https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/for
  for (std::vector<int>::iterator my_iterator = my_vector.begin();
       my_iterator != my_vector.end(); my_iterator++) {
    std::cout << *my_iterator << "\n";
  }

  // Using the algorithms in the standard library
  // This is a lambda to help with printing out the values in the array
  auto print = [](int number) { std::cout << number << "\n"; };
  std::cout << "Using the for_each algorithm\n";
  // https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/for_each
  std::for_each(my_vector.begin(), my_vector.end(), print);
  std::cout << "Using the copy algorithm\n";
  // https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/copy
  std::copy(my_vector.begin(), my_vector.end(),
            std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, "\n"));

  // What's the longest word you can think of?
  std::string word{"counterrevolutionaries"};
  // Strings are sequences too, just like arrays and vectors.
  // Let's use a reverse iterator
  // https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/string/basic_string
  for (std::string::reverse_iterator string_iterator = word.rbegin();
       string_iterator != word.rend(); string_iterator++) {
    std::cout << *string_iterator << " ";
  }
  std::cout << "\n";
  std::string reverse_word{word.rbegin(), word.rend()};
  std::cout << reverse_word << "\n";
  // Let's print that out with some extra spaces
  std::copy(reverse_word.begin(), reverse_word.end(),
            std::ostream_iterator<char>(std::cout, " "));
  std::cout << "\n";
  return 0;
}