recursive permissions for directories and files.md

I want to change permission to 755 for directories and 644 for files recursivly

To change permissions recursively so that:

• Directories are set to 755 (read, write, execute for owner and read, execute for group and others), and
• Files are set to 644 (read and write for owner, read-only for group and others),

follow these steps:

1. Navigate to Your Repository or Target Directory
   Change directory to the root of your repository (or the folder where you want to update the permissions):

   cd /www/wwwroot/7seen

2. Set Directory Permissions to 755
   Use the find command to locate all directories and apply the permission change:

   find . -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;

   • . tells find to start in the current directory.
   • -type d restricts the operation to directories.
   • -exec chmod 755 {} \; executes chmod 755 on each found directory ({} is a placeholder for the file name).

3. Set File Permissions to 644
   Similarly, use find to locate all files and set their permissions:

   find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;

   • -type f restricts the operation to files.

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Explanation

• Directories (755):

  • Owner: read, write, and execute
  • Group: read and execute
  • Others: read and execute

• Files (644):

  • Owner: read and write
  • Group: read
  • Others: read

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After running these commands, all directories under /www/wwwroot/7seen will have 755 permissions, and all files will have 644 permissions. If you need to verify the changes, you can list a few items using:

find . -type d -exec ls -ld {} \; | head -n 5
find . -type f -exec ls -l {} \; | head -n 5

This will display a few of the directories and files with their updated permission settings.

I want one command for 'find . -type d -exec chmod 755 {} ;' and 'find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} ;'

You can combine both operations into a single command using the logical OR operator (-o) in find. For example, try:

find . \( -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \; \) -o \( -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \; \)

How It Works

• find .
  Starts searching from the current directory.

• \( -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \; \)
  For each item that is a directory (-type d), it executes chmod 755.

• -o
  Acts as a logical OR. If the first test fails (i.e., the item is not a directory), it moves on to the next test.

• \( -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \; \)
  For each item that is a file (-type f), it executes chmod 644.

This single command will recursively set directories to 755 and files to 644 throughout the directory tree starting at the current location.

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Alternate Single-Command Option

Another approach is to use a shell snippet with find that tests each file:

find . -exec sh -c 'for f; do
    if [ -d "$f" ]; then
        chmod 755 "$f"
    elif [ -f "$f" ]; then
        chmod 644 "$f"
    fi
done' _ {} +

This command runs a shell for a batch of files ({} +), checking if each is a directory or a file, and applies the corresponding permission.

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Choose the method that best fits your environment. The first solution is more concise, while the second gives you more control if you need to extend the logic further.