- 名詞 (noun)
- 代名詞 (pronoun)
- 動詞 (verb)
- 助動詞 (modal verbs)
- 代動詞 (auxiliary verb)
- 形容詞 (adjective)
- 冠詞 (article)
- 数詞 (numeral)
- 副詞 (adverb)
- 前置詞 (preposition)
- 接続詞 (conjunction)
- 感動詞(間投詞) (interjection)
- 関係詞 (relatives)
- 疑問詞 (interrogatives)
- 限定詞(determiner)
- noun# :: (...) noun
- noun (pronoun) :: noun
- adjective (article, numeral) :: noun -> noun
- proposition :: noun -> adverb
- phrase# :: (...) phrase
- verb :: noun -> [noun] -> phrase
- adverb :: phrase -> phrase
- modal verb :: verb -> verb
- interjection :: phrase
- conjunction :: [phrase] -> phrase
- punctuations# :: phrase -> sentence