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Code from "Taking Hunting to the Next Level: Hunting in Memory" presentation at SANS Threat Hunting Summit 2017 by Jared Atkinson and Joe Desimone
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| function Get-InjectedThread | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| Looks for threads that were created as a result of code injection. | |
| .DESCRIPTION | |
| Memory resident malware (fileless malware) often uses a form of memory injection to get code execution. Get-InjectedThread looks at each running thread to determine if it is the result of memory injection. | |
| Common memory injection techniques that *can* be caught using this method include: | |
| - Classic Injection (OpenProcess, VirtualAllocEx, WriteProcessMemory, CreateRemoteThread) | |
| - Reflective DLL Injection | |
| - Memory Module | |
| NOTE: Nothing in security is a silver bullet. An attacker could modify their tactics to avoid detection using this methodology. | |
| .NOTES | |
| Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson) | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| PS > Get-InjectedThread | |
| ProcessName : ThreadStart.exe | |
| ProcessId : 7784 | |
| Path : C:\Users\tester\Desktop\ThreadStart.exe | |
| KernelPath : C:\Users\tester\Desktop\ThreadStart.exe | |
| CommandLine : "C:\Users\tester\Desktop\ThreadStart.exe" | |
| PathMismatch : False | |
| ThreadId : 14512 | |
| AllocatedMemoryProtection : PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE | |
| MemoryProtection : PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE | |
| MemoryState : MEM_COMMIT | |
| MemoryType : MEM_PRIVATE | |
| BasePriority : 8 | |
| IsUniqueThreadToken : False | |
| Integrity : MEDIUM_MANDATORY_LEVEL | |
| Privilege : SeChangeNotifyPrivilege | |
| LogonId : 999 | |
| SecurityIdentifier : S-1-5-21-386661145-2656271985-3844047388-1001 | |
| UserName : DESKTOP-HMTGQ0R\SYSTEM | |
| LogonSessionStartTime : 3/15/2017 5:45:38 PM | |
| LogonType : System | |
| AuthenticationPackage : NTLM | |
| BaseAddress : 4390912 | |
| Size : 4096 | |
| Bytes : {144, 195, 0, 0...} | |
| #> | |
| [CmdletBinding()] | |
| param | |
| ( | |
| ) | |
| $hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot -ProcessId 0 -Flags 4 | |
| $Thread = Thread32First -SnapshotHandle $hSnapshot | |
| do | |
| { | |
| $proc = Get-Process -Id $Thread.th32OwnerProcessId | |
| if($Thread.th32OwnerProcessId -ne 0 -and $Thread.th32OwnerProcessId -ne 4) | |
| { | |
| $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $Thread.th32ThreadID -DesiredAccess $THREAD_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false | |
| if($hThread -ne 0) | |
| { | |
| $BaseAddress = NtQueryInformationThread -ThreadHandle $hThread | |
| $hProcess = OpenProcess -ProcessId $Thread.th32OwnerProcessID -DesiredAccess $PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS -InheritHandle $false | |
| if($hProcess -ne 0) | |
| { | |
| $memory_basic_info = VirtualQueryEx -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress | |
| $AllocatedMemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.AllocationProtect -as $MemProtection | |
| $MemoryProtection = $memory_basic_info.Protect -as $MemProtection | |
| $MemoryState = $memory_basic_info.State -as $MemState | |
| $MemoryType = $memory_basic_info.Type -as $MemType | |
| if($MemoryState -eq $MemState::MEM_COMMIT -and $MemoryType -ne $MemType::MEM_IMAGE) | |
| { | |
| $buf = ReadProcessMemory -ProcessHandle $hProcess -BaseAddress $BaseAddress -Size 100 | |
| $proc = Get-WmiObject Win32_Process -Filter "ProcessId = '$($Thread.th32OwnerProcessID)'" | |
| $KernelPath = QueryFullProcessImageName -ProcessHandle $hProcess | |
| $PathMismatch = $proc.Path.ToLower() -ne $KernelPath.ToLower() | |
| # check if thread has unique token | |
| try | |
| { | |
| $hThreadToken = OpenThreadToken -ThreadHandle $hThread -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS | |
| $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 1 | |
| $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 3 | |
| $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 17 | |
| $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hThreadToken -TokenInformationClass 25 | |
| $IsUniqueThreadToken = $true | |
| } | |
| catch | |
| { | |
| $hProcessToken = OpenProcessToken -ProcessHandle $hProcess -DesiredAccess $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS | |
| $SID = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 1 | |
| $Privs = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 3 | |
| $LogonSession = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 17 | |
| $Integrity = GetTokenInformation -TokenHandle $hProcessToken -TokenInformationClass 25 | |
| $IsUniqueThreadToken = $false | |
| } | |
| $ThreadDetail = New-Object PSObject | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessName -Value $proc.Name | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProcessId -Value $proc.ProcessId | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Path -Value $proc.Path | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name KernelPath -Value $KernelPath | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name CommandLine -Value $proc.CommandLine | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name PathMismatch -Value $PathMismatch | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ThreadId -Value $Thread.th32ThreadId | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AllocatedMemoryProtection -Value $AllocatedMemoryProtection | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryProtection -Value $MemoryProtection | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryState -Value $MemoryState | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name MemoryType -Value $MemoryType | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BasePriority -Value $Thread.tpBasePri | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name IsUniqueThreadToken -Value $IsUniqueThreadToken | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Integrity -Value $Integrity | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Privilege -Value $Privs | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonId -Value $LogonSession.LogonId | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name SecurityIdentifier -Value $SID | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name UserName -Value "$($LogonSession.Domain)\$($LogonSession.UserName)" | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonSessionStartTime -Value $LogonSession.StartTime | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name LogonType -Value $LogonSession.LogonType | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name AuthenticationPackage -Value $LogonSession.AuthenticationPackage | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BaseAddress -Value $BaseAddress | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Size -Value $memory_basic_info.RegionSize | |
| $ThreadDetail | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Bytes -Value $buf | |
| Write-Output $ThreadDetail | |
| } | |
| CloseHandle($hProcess) | |
| } | |
| } | |
| CloseHandle($hThread) | |
| } | |
| } while($Kernel32::Thread32Next($hSnapshot, [ref]$Thread)) | |
| CloseHandle($hSnapshot) | |
| } | |
| function Stop-Thread | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| Terminates a specified Thread. | |
| .DESCRIPTION | |
| The Stop-Thread function can stop an individual thread in a process. This is quite useful in situations where code injection (dll injection) techniques have been used by attackers. If an attacker runs their malicious code in a thread within a critical process, then Stop-Thread can kill the malicious thread without hurting the critical process. | |
| .NOTES | |
| Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson) | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| PS > Stop-Thread -ThreadId 1776 | |
| #> | |
| [CmdletBinding()] | |
| param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, Position = 0)] | |
| [UInt32] | |
| $ThreadId | |
| ) | |
| $hThread = OpenThread -ThreadId $ThreadId -DesiredAccess $THREAD_TERMINATE | |
| TerminateThread -ThreadHandle $hThread | |
| CloseHandle -Handle $hThread | |
| } | |
| <# | |
| Author: Lee Christensen (@tifkin_) | |
| License: BSD 3-Clause | |
| Required Dependencies: None | |
| Optional Dependencies: None | |
| #> | |
| function Get-LogonSession | |
| { | |
| param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [UInt32] | |
| $LogonId | |
| ) | |
| $LogonMap = @{} | |
| Get-WmiObject Win32_LoggedOnUser | %{ | |
| $Identity = $_.Antecedent | Select-String 'Domain="(.*)",Name="(.*)"' | |
| $LogonSession = $_.Dependent | Select-String 'LogonId="(\d+)"' | |
| $LogonMap[$LogonSession.Matches[0].Groups[1].Value] = New-Object PSObject -Property @{ | |
| Domain = $Identity.Matches[0].Groups[1].Value | |
| UserName = $Identity.Matches[0].Groups[2].Value | |
| } | |
| } | |
| Get-WmiObject Win32_LogonSession -Filter "LogonId = `"$($LogonId)`"" | %{ | |
| $LogonType = $Null | |
| switch($_.LogonType) { | |
| $null {$LogonType = 'None'} | |
| 0 { $LogonType = 'System' } | |
| 2 { $LogonType = 'Interactive' } | |
| 3 { $LogonType = 'Network' } | |
| 4 { $LogonType = 'Batch' } | |
| 5 { $LogonType = 'Service' } | |
| 6 { $LogonType = 'Proxy' } | |
| 7 { $LogonType = 'Unlock' } | |
| 8 { $LogonType = 'NetworkCleartext' } | |
| 9 { $LogonType = 'NewCredentials' } | |
| 10 { $LogonType = 'RemoteInteractive' } | |
| 11 { $LogonType = 'CachedInteractive' } | |
| 12 { $LogonType = 'CachedRemoteInteractive' } | |
| 13 { $LogonType = 'CachedUnlock' } | |
| default { $LogonType = $_.LogonType} | |
| } | |
| New-Object PSObject -Property @{ | |
| UserName = $LogonMap[$_.LogonId].UserName | |
| Domain = $LogonMap[$_.LogonId].Domain | |
| LogonId = $_.LogonId | |
| LogonType = $LogonType | |
| AuthenticationPackage = $_.AuthenticationPackage | |
| Caption = $_.Caption | |
| Description = $_.Description | |
| InstallDate = $_.InstallDate | |
| Name = $_.Name | |
| StartTime = $_.ConvertToDateTime($_.StartTime) | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |
| #region PSReflect | |
| function New-InMemoryModule | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| Creates an in-memory assembly and module | |
| Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation) | |
| License: BSD 3-Clause | |
| Required Dependencies: None | |
| Optional Dependencies: None | |
| .DESCRIPTION | |
| When defining custom enums, structs, and unmanaged functions, it is | |
| necessary to associate to an assembly module. This helper function | |
| creates an in-memory module that can be passed to the 'enum', | |
| 'struct', and Add-Win32Type functions. | |
| .PARAMETER ModuleName | |
| Specifies the desired name for the in-memory assembly and module. If | |
| ModuleName is not provided, it will default to a GUID. | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| $Module = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32 | |
| #> | |
| Param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Position = 0)] | |
| [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] | |
| [String] | |
| $ModuleName = [Guid]::NewGuid().ToString() | |
| ) | |
| $AppDomain = [Reflection.Assembly].Assembly.GetType('System.AppDomain').GetProperty('CurrentDomain').GetValue($null, @()) | |
| $LoadedAssemblies = $AppDomain.GetAssemblies() | |
| foreach ($Assembly in $LoadedAssemblies) { | |
| if ($Assembly.FullName -and ($Assembly.FullName.Split(',')[0] -eq $ModuleName)) { | |
| return $Assembly | |
| } | |
| } | |
| $DynAssembly = New-Object Reflection.AssemblyName($ModuleName) | |
| $Domain = $AppDomain | |
| $AssemblyBuilder = $Domain.DefineDynamicAssembly($DynAssembly, 'Run') | |
| $ModuleBuilder = $AssemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicModule($ModuleName, $False) | |
| return $ModuleBuilder | |
| } | |
| # A helper function used to reduce typing while defining function | |
| # prototypes for Add-Win32Type. | |
| function func | |
| { | |
| Param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)] | |
| [String] | |
| $DllName, | |
| [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)] | |
| [string] | |
| $FunctionName, | |
| [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)] | |
| [Type] | |
| $ReturnType, | |
| [Parameter(Position = 3)] | |
| [Type[]] | |
| $ParameterTypes, | |
| [Parameter(Position = 4)] | |
| [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention] | |
| $NativeCallingConvention, | |
| [Parameter(Position = 5)] | |
| [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet] | |
| $Charset, | |
| [String] | |
| $EntryPoint, | |
| [Switch] | |
| $SetLastError | |
| ) | |
| $Properties = @{ | |
| DllName = $DllName | |
| FunctionName = $FunctionName | |
| ReturnType = $ReturnType | |
| } | |
| if ($ParameterTypes) { $Properties['ParameterTypes'] = $ParameterTypes } | |
| if ($NativeCallingConvention) { $Properties['NativeCallingConvention'] = $NativeCallingConvention } | |
| if ($Charset) { $Properties['Charset'] = $Charset } | |
| if ($SetLastError) { $Properties['SetLastError'] = $SetLastError } | |
| if ($EntryPoint) { $Properties['EntryPoint'] = $EntryPoint } | |
| New-Object PSObject -Property $Properties | |
| } | |
| function Add-Win32Type | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| Creates a .NET type for an unmanaged Win32 function. | |
| Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation) | |
| License: BSD 3-Clause | |
| Required Dependencies: None | |
| Optional Dependencies: func | |
| .DESCRIPTION | |
| Add-Win32Type enables you to easily interact with unmanaged (i.e. | |
| Win32 unmanaged) functions in PowerShell. After providing | |
| Add-Win32Type with a function signature, a .NET type is created | |
| using reflection (i.e. csc.exe is never called like with Add-Type). | |
| The 'func' helper function can be used to reduce typing when defining | |
| multiple function definitions. | |
| .PARAMETER DllName | |
| The name of the DLL. | |
| .PARAMETER FunctionName | |
| The name of the target function. | |
| .PARAMETER EntryPoint | |
| The DLL export function name. This argument should be specified if the | |
| specified function name is different than the name of the exported | |
| function. | |
| .PARAMETER ReturnType | |
| The return type of the function. | |
| .PARAMETER ParameterTypes | |
| The function parameters. | |
| .PARAMETER NativeCallingConvention | |
| Specifies the native calling convention of the function. Defaults to | |
| stdcall. | |
| .PARAMETER Charset | |
| If you need to explicitly call an 'A' or 'W' Win32 function, you can | |
| specify the character set. | |
| .PARAMETER SetLastError | |
| Indicates whether the callee calls the SetLastError Win32 API | |
| function before returning from the attributed method. | |
| .PARAMETER Module | |
| The in-memory module that will host the functions. Use | |
| New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module. | |
| .PARAMETER Namespace | |
| An optional namespace to prepend to the type. Add-Win32Type defaults | |
| to a namespace consisting only of the name of the DLL. | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32 | |
| $FunctionDefinitions = @( | |
| (func kernel32 GetProcAddress ([IntPtr]) @([IntPtr], [String]) -Charset Ansi -SetLastError), | |
| (func kernel32 GetModuleHandle ([Intptr]) @([String]) -SetLastError), | |
| (func ntdll RtlGetCurrentPeb ([IntPtr]) @()) | |
| ) | |
| $Types = $FunctionDefinitions | Add-Win32Type -Module $Mod -Namespace 'Win32' | |
| $Kernel32 = $Types['kernel32'] | |
| $Ntdll = $Types['ntdll'] | |
| $Ntdll::RtlGetCurrentPeb() | |
| $ntdllbase = $Kernel32::GetModuleHandle('ntdll') | |
| $Kernel32::GetProcAddress($ntdllbase, 'RtlGetCurrentPeb') | |
| .NOTES | |
| Inspired by Lee Holmes' Invoke-WindowsApi http://poshcode.org/2189 | |
| When defining multiple function prototypes, it is ideal to provide | |
| Add-Win32Type with an array of function signatures. That way, they | |
| are all incorporated into the same in-memory module. | |
| #> | |
| [OutputType([Hashtable])] | |
| Param( | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)] | |
| [String] | |
| $DllName, | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)] | |
| [String] | |
| $FunctionName, | |
| [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)] | |
| [String] | |
| $EntryPoint, | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $True, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)] | |
| [Type] | |
| $ReturnType, | |
| [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)] | |
| [Type[]] | |
| $ParameterTypes, | |
| [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)] | |
| [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention] | |
| $NativeCallingConvention = [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::StdCall, | |
| [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)] | |
| [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet] | |
| $Charset = [Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto, | |
| [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $True)] | |
| [Switch] | |
| $SetLastError, | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $True)] | |
| [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})] | |
| $Module, | |
| [ValidateNotNull()] | |
| [String] | |
| $Namespace = '' | |
| ) | |
| BEGIN | |
| { | |
| $TypeHash = @{} | |
| } | |
| PROCESS | |
| { | |
| if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly]) | |
| { | |
| if ($Namespace) | |
| { | |
| $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.GetType("$Namespace.$DllName") | |
| } | |
| else | |
| { | |
| $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.GetType($DllName) | |
| } | |
| } | |
| else | |
| { | |
| # Define one type for each DLL | |
| if (!$TypeHash.ContainsKey($DllName)) | |
| { | |
| if ($Namespace) | |
| { | |
| $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.DefineType("$Namespace.$DllName", 'Public,BeforeFieldInit') | |
| } | |
| else | |
| { | |
| $TypeHash[$DllName] = $Module.DefineType($DllName, 'Public,BeforeFieldInit') | |
| } | |
| } | |
| $Method = $TypeHash[$DllName].DefineMethod( | |
| $FunctionName, | |
| 'Public,Static,PinvokeImpl', | |
| $ReturnType, | |
| $ParameterTypes) | |
| # Make each ByRef parameter an Out parameter | |
| $i = 1 | |
| foreach($Parameter in $ParameterTypes) | |
| { | |
| if ($Parameter.IsByRef) | |
| { | |
| [void] $Method.DefineParameter($i, 'Out', $null) | |
| } | |
| $i++ | |
| } | |
| $DllImport = [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute] | |
| $SetLastErrorField = $DllImport.GetField('SetLastError') | |
| $CallingConventionField = $DllImport.GetField('CallingConvention') | |
| $CharsetField = $DllImport.GetField('CharSet') | |
| $EntryPointField = $DllImport.GetField('EntryPoint') | |
| if ($SetLastError) { $SLEValue = $True } else { $SLEValue = $False } | |
| if ($PSBoundParameters['EntryPoint']) { $ExportedFuncName = $EntryPoint } else { $ExportedFuncName = $FunctionName } | |
| # Equivalent to C# version of [DllImport(DllName)] | |
| $Constructor = [Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute].GetConstructor([String]) | |
| $DllImportAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($Constructor, | |
| $DllName, [Reflection.PropertyInfo[]] @(), [Object[]] @(), | |
| [Reflection.FieldInfo[]] @($SetLastErrorField, | |
| $CallingConventionField, | |
| $CharsetField, | |
| $EntryPointField), | |
| [Object[]] @($SLEValue, | |
| ([Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention] $NativeCallingConvention), | |
| ([Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet] $Charset), | |
| $ExportedFuncName)) | |
| $Method.SetCustomAttribute($DllImportAttribute) | |
| } | |
| } | |
| END | |
| { | |
| if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly]) | |
| { | |
| return $TypeHash | |
| } | |
| $ReturnTypes = @{} | |
| foreach ($Key in $TypeHash.Keys) | |
| { | |
| $Type = $TypeHash[$Key].CreateType() | |
| $ReturnTypes[$Key] = $Type | |
| } | |
| return $ReturnTypes | |
| } | |
| } | |
| function psenum | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| Creates an in-memory enumeration for use in your PowerShell session. | |
| Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation) | |
| License: BSD 3-Clause | |
| Required Dependencies: None | |
| Optional Dependencies: None | |
| .DESCRIPTION | |
| The 'psenum' function facilitates the creation of enums entirely in | |
| memory using as close to a "C style" as PowerShell will allow. | |
| .PARAMETER Module | |
| The in-memory module that will host the enum. Use | |
| New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module. | |
| .PARAMETER FullName | |
| The fully-qualified name of the enum. | |
| .PARAMETER Type | |
| The type of each enum element. | |
| .PARAMETER EnumElements | |
| A hashtable of enum elements. | |
| .PARAMETER Bitfield | |
| Specifies that the enum should be treated as a bitfield. | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32 | |
| $ImageSubsystem = psenum $Mod PE.IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM UInt16 @{ | |
| UNKNOWN = 0 | |
| NATIVE = 1 # Image doesn't require a subsystem. | |
| WINDOWS_GUI = 2 # Image runs in the Windows GUI subsystem. | |
| WINDOWS_CUI = 3 # Image runs in the Windows character subsystem. | |
| OS2_CUI = 5 # Image runs in the OS/2 character subsystem. | |
| POSIX_CUI = 7 # Image runs in the Posix character subsystem. | |
| NATIVE_WINDOWS = 8 # Image is a native Win9x driver. | |
| WINDOWS_CE_GUI = 9 # Image runs in the Windows CE subsystem. | |
| EFI_APPLICATION = 10 | |
| EFI_BOOT_SERVICE_DRIVER = 11 | |
| EFI_RUNTIME_DRIVER = 12 | |
| EFI_ROM = 13 | |
| XBOX = 14 | |
| WINDOWS_BOOT_APPLICATION = 16 | |
| } | |
| .NOTES | |
| PowerShell purists may disagree with the naming of this function but | |
| again, this was developed in such a way so as to emulate a "C style" | |
| definition as closely as possible. Sorry, I'm not going to name it | |
| New-Enum. :P | |
| #> | |
| [OutputType([Type])] | |
| Param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)] | |
| [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})] | |
| $Module, | |
| [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)] | |
| [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] | |
| [String] | |
| $FullName, | |
| [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)] | |
| [Type] | |
| $Type, | |
| [Parameter(Position = 3, Mandatory = $True)] | |
| [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] | |
| [Hashtable] | |
| $EnumElements, | |
| [Switch] | |
| $Bitfield | |
| ) | |
| if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly]) | |
| { | |
| return ($Module.GetType($FullName)) | |
| } | |
| $EnumType = $Type -as [Type] | |
| $EnumBuilder = $Module.DefineEnum($FullName, 'Public', $EnumType) | |
| if ($Bitfield) | |
| { | |
| $FlagsConstructor = [FlagsAttribute].GetConstructor(@()) | |
| $FlagsCustomAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($FlagsConstructor, @()) | |
| $EnumBuilder.SetCustomAttribute($FlagsCustomAttribute) | |
| } | |
| foreach ($Key in $EnumElements.Keys) | |
| { | |
| # Apply the specified enum type to each element | |
| $null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral($Key, $EnumElements[$Key] -as $EnumType) | |
| } | |
| $EnumBuilder.CreateType() | |
| } | |
| # A helper function used to reduce typing while defining struct | |
| # fields. | |
| function field | |
| { | |
| Param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory = $True)] | |
| [UInt16] | |
| $Position, | |
| [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)] | |
| [Type] | |
| $Type, | |
| [Parameter(Position = 2)] | |
| [UInt16] | |
| $Offset, | |
| [Object[]] | |
| $MarshalAs | |
| ) | |
| @{ | |
| Position = $Position | |
| Type = $Type -as [Type] | |
| Offset = $Offset | |
| MarshalAs = $MarshalAs | |
| } | |
| } | |
| function struct | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| Creates an in-memory struct for use in your PowerShell session. | |
| Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation) | |
| License: BSD 3-Clause | |
| Required Dependencies: None | |
| Optional Dependencies: field | |
| .DESCRIPTION | |
| The 'struct' function facilitates the creation of structs entirely in | |
| memory using as close to a "C style" as PowerShell will allow. Struct | |
| fields are specified using a hashtable where each field of the struct | |
| is comprosed of the order in which it should be defined, its .NET | |
| type, and optionally, its offset and special marshaling attributes. | |
| One of the features of 'struct' is that after your struct is defined, | |
| it will come with a built-in GetSize method as well as an explicit | |
| converter so that you can easily cast an IntPtr to the struct without | |
| relying upon calling SizeOf and/or PtrToStructure in the Marshal | |
| class. | |
| .PARAMETER Module | |
| The in-memory module that will host the struct. Use | |
| New-InMemoryModule to define an in-memory module. | |
| .PARAMETER FullName | |
| The fully-qualified name of the struct. | |
| .PARAMETER StructFields | |
| A hashtable of fields. Use the 'field' helper function to ease | |
| defining each field. | |
| .PARAMETER PackingSize | |
| Specifies the memory alignment of fields. | |
| .PARAMETER ExplicitLayout | |
| Indicates that an explicit offset for each field will be specified. | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Win32 | |
| $ImageDosSignature = psenum $Mod PE.IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE UInt16 @{ | |
| DOS_SIGNATURE = 0x5A4D | |
| OS2_SIGNATURE = 0x454E | |
| OS2_SIGNATURE_LE = 0x454C | |
| VXD_SIGNATURE = 0x454C | |
| } | |
| $ImageDosHeader = struct $Mod PE.IMAGE_DOS_HEADER @{ | |
| e_magic = field 0 $ImageDosSignature | |
| e_cblp = field 1 UInt16 | |
| e_cp = field 2 UInt16 | |
| e_crlc = field 3 UInt16 | |
| e_cparhdr = field 4 UInt16 | |
| e_minalloc = field 5 UInt16 | |
| e_maxalloc = field 6 UInt16 | |
| e_ss = field 7 UInt16 | |
| e_sp = field 8 UInt16 | |
| e_csum = field 9 UInt16 | |
| e_ip = field 10 UInt16 | |
| e_cs = field 11 UInt16 | |
| e_lfarlc = field 12 UInt16 | |
| e_ovno = field 13 UInt16 | |
| e_res = field 14 UInt16[] -MarshalAs @('ByValArray', 4) | |
| e_oemid = field 15 UInt16 | |
| e_oeminfo = field 16 UInt16 | |
| e_res2 = field 17 UInt16[] -MarshalAs @('ByValArray', 10) | |
| e_lfanew = field 18 Int32 | |
| } | |
| # Example of using an explicit layout in order to create a union. | |
| $TestUnion = struct $Mod TestUnion @{ | |
| field1 = field 0 UInt32 0 | |
| field2 = field 1 IntPtr 0 | |
| } -ExplicitLayout | |
| .NOTES | |
| PowerShell purists may disagree with the naming of this function but | |
| again, this was developed in such a way so as to emulate a "C style" | |
| definition as closely as possible. Sorry, I'm not going to name it | |
| New-Struct. :P | |
| #> | |
| [OutputType([Type])] | |
| Param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $True)] | |
| [ValidateScript({($_ -is [Reflection.Emit.ModuleBuilder]) -or ($_ -is [Reflection.Assembly])})] | |
| $Module, | |
| [Parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $True)] | |
| [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] | |
| [String] | |
| $FullName, | |
| [Parameter(Position = 3, Mandatory = $True)] | |
| [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] | |
| [Hashtable] | |
| $StructFields, | |
| [Reflection.Emit.PackingSize] | |
| $PackingSize = [Reflection.Emit.PackingSize]::Unspecified, | |
| [Switch] | |
| $ExplicitLayout | |
| ) | |
| if ($Module -is [Reflection.Assembly]) | |
| { | |
| return ($Module.GetType($FullName)) | |
| } | |
| [Reflection.TypeAttributes] $StructAttributes = 'AnsiClass, | |
| Class, | |
| Public, | |
| Sealed, | |
| BeforeFieldInit' | |
| if ($ExplicitLayout) | |
| { | |
| $StructAttributes = $StructAttributes -bor [Reflection.TypeAttributes]::ExplicitLayout | |
| } | |
| else | |
| { | |
| $StructAttributes = $StructAttributes -bor [Reflection.TypeAttributes]::SequentialLayout | |
| } | |
| $StructBuilder = $Module.DefineType($FullName, $StructAttributes, [ValueType], $PackingSize) | |
| $ConstructorInfo = [Runtime.InteropServices.MarshalAsAttribute].GetConstructors()[0] | |
| $SizeConst = @([Runtime.InteropServices.MarshalAsAttribute].GetField('SizeConst')) | |
| $Fields = New-Object Hashtable[]($StructFields.Count) | |
| # Sort each field according to the orders specified | |
| # Unfortunately, PSv2 doesn't have the luxury of the | |
| # hashtable [Ordered] accelerator. | |
| foreach ($Field in $StructFields.Keys) | |
| { | |
| $Index = $StructFields[$Field]['Position'] | |
| $Fields[$Index] = @{FieldName = $Field; Properties = $StructFields[$Field]} | |
| } | |
| foreach ($Field in $Fields) | |
| { | |
| $FieldName = $Field['FieldName'] | |
| $FieldProp = $Field['Properties'] | |
| $Offset = $FieldProp['Offset'] | |
| $Type = $FieldProp['Type'] | |
| $MarshalAs = $FieldProp['MarshalAs'] | |
| $NewField = $StructBuilder.DefineField($FieldName, $Type, 'Public') | |
| if ($MarshalAs) | |
| { | |
| $UnmanagedType = $MarshalAs[0] -as ([Runtime.InteropServices.UnmanagedType]) | |
| if ($MarshalAs[1]) | |
| { | |
| $Size = $MarshalAs[1] | |
| $AttribBuilder = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($ConstructorInfo, | |
| $UnmanagedType, $SizeConst, @($Size)) | |
| } | |
| else | |
| { | |
| $AttribBuilder = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($ConstructorInfo, [Object[]] @($UnmanagedType)) | |
| } | |
| $NewField.SetCustomAttribute($AttribBuilder) | |
| } | |
| if ($ExplicitLayout) { $NewField.SetOffset($Offset) } | |
| } | |
| # Make the struct aware of its own size. | |
| # No more having to call [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SizeOf! | |
| $SizeMethod = $StructBuilder.DefineMethod('GetSize', | |
| 'Public, Static', | |
| [Int], | |
| [Type[]] @()) | |
| $ILGenerator = $SizeMethod.GetILGenerator() | |
| # Thanks for the help, Jason Shirk! | |
| $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldtoken, $StructBuilder) | |
| $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call, | |
| [Type].GetMethod('GetTypeFromHandle')) | |
| $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call, | |
| [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal].GetMethod('SizeOf', [Type[]] @([Type]))) | |
| $ILGenerator.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ret) | |
| # Allow for explicit casting from an IntPtr | |
| # No more having to call [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStructure! | |
| $ImplicitConverter = $StructBuilder.DefineMethod('op_Implicit', | |
| 'PrivateScope, Public, Static, HideBySig, SpecialName', | |
| $StructBuilder, | |
| [Type[]] @([IntPtr])) | |
| $ILGenerator2 = $ImplicitConverter.GetILGenerator() | |
| $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Nop) | |
| $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldarg_0) | |
| $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ldtoken, $StructBuilder) | |
| $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call, | |
| [Type].GetMethod('GetTypeFromHandle')) | |
| $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Call, | |
| [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal].GetMethod('PtrToStructure', [Type[]] @([IntPtr], [Type]))) | |
| $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Unbox_Any, $StructBuilder) | |
| $ILGenerator2.Emit([Reflection.Emit.OpCodes]::Ret) | |
| $StructBuilder.CreateType() | |
| } | |
| #endregion PSReflect | |
| #region PSReflect Definitions (Thread) | |
| $Mod = New-InMemoryModule -ModuleName Thread | |
| $LuidAttributes = psenum $Mod Thread.LuidAttributes UInt32 @{ | |
| DISABLED = '0x00000000' | |
| SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT = '0x00000001' | |
| SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED = '0x00000002' | |
| SE_PRIVILEGE_REMOVED = '0x00000004' | |
| SE_PRIVILEGE_USED_FOR_ACCESS = '0x80000000' | |
| } -Bitfield | |
| $MemProtection = psenum $Mod Thread.MemProtection UInt32 @{ | |
| PAGE_EXECUTE = 0x10 | |
| PAGE_EXECUTE_READ = 0x20 | |
| PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE = 0x40 | |
| PAGE_EXECUTE_WRITECOPY = 0x80 | |
| PAGE_NOACCESS = 0x01 | |
| PAGE_READONLY = 0x02 | |
| PAGE_READWRITE = 0x04 | |
| PAGE_WRITECOPY = 0x08 | |
| PAGE_TARGETS_INVALID = 0x40000000 | |
| PAGE_TARGETS_NO_UPDATE = 0x40000000 | |
| PAGE_GUARD = 0x100 | |
| PAGE_NOCACHE = 0x200 | |
| PAGE_WRITECOMBINE = 0x400 | |
| } -Bitfield | |
| $MemState = psenum $Mod Thread.MemState UInt32 @{ | |
| MEM_COMMIT = 0x1000 | |
| MEM_RESERVE = 0x2000 | |
| MEM_FREE = 0x10000 | |
| } | |
| $MemType = psenum $Mod Thread.MemType UInt32 @{ | |
| MEM_PRIVATE = 0x20000 | |
| MEM_MAPPED = 0x40000 | |
| MEM_IMAGE = 0x1000000 | |
| } | |
| $SecurityEntity = psenum $Mod Thread.SecurityEntity UInt32 @{ | |
| SeCreateTokenPrivilege = 1 | |
| SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege = 2 | |
| SeLockMemoryPrivilege = 3 | |
| SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege = 4 | |
| SeUnsolicitedInputPrivilege = 5 | |
| SeMachineAccountPrivilege = 6 | |
| SeTcbPrivilege = 7 | |
| SeSecurityPrivilege = 8 | |
| SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege = 9 | |
| SeLoadDriverPrivilege = 10 | |
| SeSystemProfilePrivilege = 11 | |
| SeSystemtimePrivilege = 12 | |
| SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege = 13 | |
| SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege = 14 | |
| SeCreatePagefilePrivilege = 15 | |
| SeCreatePermanentPrivilege = 16 | |
| SeBackupPrivilege = 17 | |
| SeRestorePrivilege = 18 | |
| SeShutdownPrivilege = 19 | |
| SeDebugPrivilege = 20 | |
| SeAuditPrivilege = 21 | |
| SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege = 22 | |
| SeChangeNotifyPrivilege = 23 | |
| SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege = 24 | |
| SeUndockPrivilege = 25 | |
| SeSyncAgentPrivilege = 26 | |
| SeEnableDelegationPrivilege = 27 | |
| SeManageVolumePrivilege = 28 | |
| SeImpersonatePrivilege = 29 | |
| SeCreateGlobalPrivilege = 30 | |
| SeTrustedCredManAccessPrivilege = 31 | |
| SeRelabelPrivilege = 32 | |
| SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege = 33 | |
| SeTimeZonePrivilege = 34 | |
| SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege = 35 | |
| } | |
| $SidNameUser = psenum $Mod Thread.SID_NAME_USE UInt32 @{ | |
| SidTypeUser = 1 | |
| SidTypeGroup = 2 | |
| SidTypeDomain = 3 | |
| SidTypeAlias = 4 | |
| SidTypeWellKnownGroup = 5 | |
| SidTypeDeletedAccount = 6 | |
| SidTypeInvalid = 7 | |
| SidTypeUnknown = 8 | |
| SidTypeComputer = 9 | |
| } | |
| $TokenInformationClass = psenum $Mod Thread.TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS UInt16 @{ | |
| TokenUser = 1 | |
| TokenGroups = 2 | |
| TokenPrivileges = 3 | |
| TokenOwner = 4 | |
| TokenPrimaryGroup = 5 | |
| TokenDefaultDacl = 6 | |
| TokenSource = 7 | |
| TokenType = 8 | |
| TokenImpersonationLevel = 9 | |
| TokenStatistics = 10 | |
| TokenRestrictedSids = 11 | |
| TokenSessionId = 12 | |
| TokenGroupsAndPrivileges = 13 | |
| TokenSessionReference = 14 | |
| TokenSandBoxInert = 15 | |
| TokenAuditPolicy = 16 | |
| TokenOrigin = 17 | |
| TokenElevationType = 18 | |
| TokenLinkedToken = 19 | |
| TokenElevation = 20 | |
| TokenHasRestrictions = 21 | |
| TokenAccessInformation = 22 | |
| TokenVirtualizationAllowed = 23 | |
| TokenVirtualizationEnabled = 24 | |
| TokenIntegrityLevel = 25 | |
| TokenUIAccess = 26 | |
| TokenMandatoryPolicy = 27 | |
| TokenLogonSid = 28 | |
| TokenIsAppContainer = 29 | |
| TokenCapabilities = 30 | |
| TokenAppContainerSid = 31 | |
| TokenAppContainerNumber = 32 | |
| TokenUserClaimAttributes = 33 | |
| TokenDeviceClaimAttributes = 34 | |
| TokenRestrictedUserClaimAttributes = 35 | |
| TokenRestrictedDeviceClaimAttributes = 36 | |
| TokenDeviceGroups = 37 | |
| TokenRestrictedDeviceGroups = 38 | |
| TokenSecurityAttributes = 39 | |
| TokenIsRestricted = 40 | |
| MaxTokenInfoClass = 41 | |
| } | |
| $LUID = struct $Mod Thread.Luid @{ | |
| LowPart = field 0 $SecurityEntity | |
| HighPart = field 1 Int32 | |
| } | |
| $LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES = struct $Mod Thread.LuidAndAttributes @{ | |
| Luid = field 0 $LUID | |
| Attributes = field 1 UInt32 | |
| } | |
| $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION = struct $Mod Thread.MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION @{ | |
| BaseAddress = field 0 UIntPtr | |
| AllocationBase = field 1 UIntPtr | |
| AllocationProtect = field 2 UInt32 | |
| RegionSize = field 3 UIntPtr | |
| State = field 4 UInt32 | |
| Protect = field 5 UInt32 | |
| Type = field 6 UInt32 | |
| } | |
| $SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES = struct $Mod Thread.SidAndAttributes @{ | |
| Sid = field 0 IntPtr | |
| Attributes = field 1 UInt32 | |
| } | |
| $THREADENTRY32 = struct $Mod Thread.THREADENTRY32 @{ | |
| dwSize = field 0 UInt32 | |
| cntUsage = field 1 UInt32 | |
| th32ThreadID = field 2 UInt32 | |
| th32OwnerProcessID = field 3 UInt32 | |
| tpBasePri = field 4 UInt32 | |
| tpDeltaPri = field 5 UInt32 | |
| dwFlags = field 6 UInt32 | |
| } | |
| $TOKEN_MANDATORY_LABEL = struct $Mod Thread.TokenMandatoryLabel @{ | |
| Label = field 0 $SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES; | |
| } | |
| $TOKEN_ORIGIN = struct $Mod Thread.TokenOrigin @{ | |
| OriginatingLogonSession = field 0 UInt64 | |
| } | |
| $TOKEN_PRIVILEGES = struct $Mod Thread.TokenPrivileges @{ | |
| PrivilegeCount = field 0 UInt32 | |
| Privileges = field 1 $LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES.MakeArrayType() -MarshalAs @('ByValArray', 50) | |
| } | |
| $TOKEN_USER = struct $Mod Thread.TOKEN_USER @{ | |
| User = field 0 $SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES | |
| } | |
| $FunctionDefinitions = @( | |
| (func kernel32 CloseHandle ([bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr] #_In_ HANDLE hObject | |
| ) -SetLastError), | |
| (func advapi32 ConvertSidToStringSid ([bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr] #_In_ PSID Sid, | |
| [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ LPTSTR *StringSid | |
| ) -SetLastError), | |
| (func kernel32 CreateToolhelp32Snapshot ([IntPtr]) @( | |
| [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwFlags, | |
| [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD th32ProcessID | |
| ) -SetLastError), | |
| (func advapi32 GetTokenInformation ([bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE TokenHandle | |
| [Int32], #_In_ TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS TokenInformationClass | |
| [IntPtr], #_Out_opt_ LPVOID TokenInformation | |
| [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD TokenInformationLength | |
| [UInt32].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PDWORD ReturnLength | |
| ) -SetLastError), | |
| (func ntdll NtQueryInformationThread ([UInt32]) @( | |
| [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle, | |
| [Int32], #_In_ THREADINFOCLASS ThreadInformationClass, | |
| [IntPtr], #_Inout_ PVOID ThreadInformation, | |
| [Int32], #_In_ ULONG ThreadInformationLength, | |
| [IntPtr] #_Out_opt_ PULONG ReturnLength | |
| )), | |
| (func kernel32 OpenProcess ([IntPtr]) @( | |
| [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess, | |
| [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle, | |
| [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwProcessId | |
| ) -SetLastError), | |
| (func advapi32 OpenProcessToken ([bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ProcessHandle | |
| [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess | |
| [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle | |
| ) -SetLastError), | |
| (func kernel32 OpenThread ([IntPtr]) @( | |
| [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess, | |
| [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle, | |
| [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwThreadId | |
| ) -SetLastError), | |
| (func advapi32 OpenThreadToken ([bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle | |
| [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess | |
| [bool], #_In_ BOOL OpenAsSelf | |
| [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle | |
| ) -SetLastError), | |
| (func kernel32 QueryFullProcessImageName ([bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr] #_In_ HANDLE hProcess | |
| [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwFlags, | |
| [System.Text.StringBuilder] #_Out_ LPTSTR lpExeName, | |
| [UInt32].MakeByRefType() #_Inout_ PDWORD lpdwSize | |
| ) -SetLastError), | |
| (func kernel32 ReadProcessMemory ([Bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr], # _In_ HANDLE hProcess | |
| [IntPtr], # _In_ LPCVOID lpBaseAddress | |
| [Byte[]], # _Out_ LPVOID lpBuffer | |
| [Int], # _In_ SIZE_T nSize | |
| [Int].MakeByRefType() # _Out_ SIZE_T *lpNumberOfBytesRead | |
| ) -SetLastError), | |
| (func kernel32 TerminateThread ([bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr], # _InOut_ HANDLE hThread | |
| [UInt32] # _In_ DWORD dwExitCode | |
| ) -SetLastError), | |
| (func kernel32 Thread32First ([bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hSnapshot, | |
| $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType() #_Inout_ LPTHREADENTRY32 lpte | |
| ) -SetLastError) | |
| (func kernel32 Thread32Next ([bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hSnapshot, | |
| $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType() #_Out_ LPTHREADENTRY32 lpte | |
| ) -SetLastError), | |
| (func kernel32 VirtualQueryEx ([Int32]) @( | |
| [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hProcess, | |
| [IntPtr], #_In_opt_ LPCVOID lpAddress, | |
| $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION.MakeByRefType(), #_Out_ PMEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION lpBuffer, | |
| [UInt32] #_In_ SIZE_T dwLength | |
| ) -SetLastError) | |
| ) | |
| $Types = $FunctionDefinitions | Add-Win32Type -Module $Mod -Namespace 'Win32SysInfo' | |
| $Kernel32 = $Types['kernel32'] | |
| $Ntdll = $Types['ntdll'] | |
| $Advapi32 = $Types['advapi32'] | |
| $DELETE = 0x00010000 | |
| $READ_CONTROL = 0x00020000 | |
| $SYNCHRONIZE = 0x00100000 | |
| $WRITE_DAC = 0x00040000 | |
| $WRITE_OWNER = 0x00080000 | |
| $PROCESS_CREATE_PROCESS = 0x0080 | |
| $PROCESS_CREATE_THREAD = 0x0002 | |
| $PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE = 0x0040 | |
| $PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0x0400 | |
| $PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x1000 | |
| $PROCESS_SET_INFORMATION = 0x0200 | |
| $PROCESS_SET_QUOTA = 0x0100 | |
| $PROCESS_SUSPEND_RESUME = 0x0800 | |
| $PROCESS_TERMINATE = 0x0001 | |
| $PROCESS_VM_OPERATION = 0x0008 | |
| $PROCESS_VM_READ = 0x0010 | |
| $PROCESS_VM_WRITE = 0x0020 | |
| $PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS = $DELETE -bor | |
| $READ_CONTROL -bor | |
| $SYNCHRONIZE -bor | |
| $WRITE_DAC -bor | |
| $WRITE_OWNER -bor | |
| $PROCESS_CREATE_PROCESS -bor | |
| $PROCESS_CREATE_THREAD -bor | |
| $PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE -bor | |
| $PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION -bor | |
| $PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION -bor | |
| $PROCESS_SET_INFORMATION -bor | |
| $PROCESS_SET_QUOTA -bor | |
| $PROCESS_SUSPEND_RESUME -bor | |
| $PROCESS_TERMINATE -bor | |
| $PROCESS_VM_OPERATION -bor | |
| $PROCESS_VM_READ -bor | |
| $PROCESS_VM_WRITE | |
| $THREAD_DIRECT_IMPERSONATION = 0x0200 | |
| $THREAD_GET_CONTEXT = 0x0008 | |
| $THREAD_IMPERSONATE = 0x0100 | |
| $THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0x0040 | |
| $THREAD_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x0800 | |
| $THREAD_SET_CONTEXT = 0x0010 | |
| $THREAD_SET_INFORMATION = 0x0020 | |
| $THREAD_SET_LIMITED_INFORMATION = 0x0400 | |
| $THREAD_SET_THREAD_TOKEN = 0x0080 | |
| $THREAD_SUSPEND_RESUME = 0x0002 | |
| $THREAD_TERMINATE = 0x0001 | |
| $THREAD_ALL_ACCESS = $DELETE -bor | |
| $READ_CONTROL -bor | |
| $SYNCHRONIZE -bor | |
| $WRITE_DAC -bor | |
| $WRITE_OWNER -bor | |
| $THREAD_DIRECT_IMPERSONATION -bor | |
| $THREAD_GET_CONTEXT -bor | |
| $THREAD_IMPERSONATE -bor | |
| $THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION -bor | |
| $THREAD_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION -bor | |
| $THREAD_SET_CONTEXT -bor | |
| $THREAD_SET_LIMITED_INFORMATION -bor | |
| $THREAD_SET_THREAD_TOKEN -bor | |
| $THREAD_SUSPEND_RESUME -bor | |
| $THREAD_TERMINATE | |
| $STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = 0x000F0000 | |
| $TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY = 0x0001 | |
| $TOKEN_DUPLICATE = 0x0002 | |
| $TOKEN_IMPERSONATE = 0x0004 | |
| $TOKEN_QUERY = 0x0008 | |
| $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE = 0x0010 | |
| $TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES = 0x0020 | |
| $TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS = 0x0040 | |
| $TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT = 0x0080 | |
| $TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID = 0x0100 | |
| $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS = $STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED -bor | |
| $TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY -bor | |
| $TOKEN_DUPLICATE -bor | |
| $TOKEN_IMPERSONATE -bor | |
| $TOKEN_QUERY -bor | |
| $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE -bor | |
| $TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES -bor | |
| $TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS -bor | |
| $TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT | |
| $UNTRUSTED_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-0" | |
| $LOW_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-4096" | |
| $MEDIUM_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-8192" | |
| $MEDIUM_PLUS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-8448" | |
| $HIGH_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-12288" | |
| $SYSTEM_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-16384" | |
| $PROTECTED_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-20480" | |
| $SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL = "S-1-16-28672" | |
| #endregion PSReflect Definitions (Thread) | |
| #region Win32 API Abstractions | |
| function CloseHandle | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| Closes an open object handle. | |
| .DESCRIPTION | |
| The CloseHandle function closes handles to the following objects: | |
| - Access token | |
| - Communications device | |
| - Console input | |
| - Console screen buffer | |
| - Event | |
| - File | |
| - File mapping | |
| - I/O completion port | |
| - Job | |
| - Mailslot | |
| - Memory resource notification | |
| - Mutex | |
| - Named pipe | |
| - Pipe | |
| - Process | |
| - Semaphore | |
| - Thread | |
| - Transaction | |
| - Waitable timer | |
| The documentation for the functions that create these objects indicates that CloseHandle should be used when you are finished with the object, and what happens to pending operations on the object after the handle is closed. In general, CloseHandle invalidates the specified object handle, decrements the object's handle count, and performs object retention checks. After the last handle to an object is closed, the object is removed from the system. | |
| .PARAMETER Handle | |
| A valid handle to an open object. | |
| .NOTES | |
| Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson) | |
| .LINK | |
| https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms724211(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| #> | |
| param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [IntPtr] | |
| $Handle | |
| ) | |
| <# | |
| (func kernel32 CloseHandle ([bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr] #_In_ HANDLE hObject | |
| ) -SetLastError) | |
| #> | |
| $Success = $Kernel32::CloseHandle($Handle); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() | |
| if(-not $Success) | |
| { | |
| Write-Debug "Close Handle Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)" | |
| } | |
| } | |
| function ConvertSidToStringSid | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| The ConvertSidToStringSid function converts a security identifier (SID) to a string format suitable for display, storage, or transmission. | |
| .DESCRIPTION | |
| The ConvertSidToStringSid function uses the standard S-R-I-S-S… format for SID strings. | |
| .PARAMETER SidPointer | |
| A pointer to the SID structure to be converted. | |
| .NOTES | |
| Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson) | |
| .LINK | |
| https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa376399(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| #> | |
| param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [IntPtr] | |
| $SidPointer | |
| ) | |
| <# | |
| (func advapi32 ConvertSidToStringSid ([bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr] #_In_ PSID Sid, | |
| [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ LPTSTR *StringSid | |
| ) -SetLastError) | |
| #> | |
| $StringPtr = [IntPtr]::Zero | |
| $Success = $Advapi32::ConvertSidToStringSid($SidPointer, [ref]$StringPtr); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() | |
| if(-not $Success) | |
| { | |
| Write-Debug "ConvertSidToStringSid Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)" | |
| } | |
| Write-Output ([System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto($StringPtr)) | |
| } | |
| function CreateToolhelp32Snapshot | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| Takes a snapshot of the specified processes, as well as the heaps, modules, and threads used by these processes. | |
| .DESCRIPTION | |
| .PARAMETER ProcessId | |
| .PARAMETER Flags | |
| .NOTES | |
| Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson) | |
| .LINK | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| #> | |
| param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [UInt32] | |
| $ProcessId, | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [UInt32] | |
| $Flags | |
| ) | |
| <# | |
| (func kernel32 CreateToolhelp32Snapshot ([IntPtr]) @( | |
| [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwFlags, | |
| [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD th32ProcessID | |
| ) -SetLastError) | |
| #> | |
| $hSnapshot = $Kernel32::CreateToolhelp32Snapshot($Flags, $ProcessId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() | |
| if(-not $hSnapshot) | |
| { | |
| Write-Debug "CreateToolhelp32Snapshot Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)" | |
| } | |
| Write-Output $hSnapshot | |
| } | |
| function GetTokenInformation | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| .DESCRIPTION | |
| .PARAMETER TokenHandle | |
| .PARAMETER TokenInformationClass | |
| .NOTES | |
| Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson) | |
| .LINK | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| #> | |
| param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [IntPtr] | |
| $TokenHandle, | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| $TokenInformationClass | |
| ) | |
| <# | |
| (func advapi32 GetTokenInformation ([bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE TokenHandle | |
| [Int32], #_In_ TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS TokenInformationClass | |
| [IntPtr], #_Out_opt_ LPVOID TokenInformation | |
| [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD TokenInformationLength | |
| [UInt32].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PDWORD ReturnLength | |
| ) -SetLastError) | |
| #> | |
| # initial query to determine the necessary buffer size | |
| $TokenPtrSize = 0 | |
| $Success = $Advapi32::GetTokenInformation($TokenHandle, $TokenInformationClass, 0, $TokenPtrSize, [ref]$TokenPtrSize) | |
| [IntPtr]$TokenPtr = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::AllocHGlobal($TokenPtrSize) | |
| # retrieve the proper buffer value | |
| $Success = $Advapi32::GetTokenInformation($TokenHandle, $TokenInformationClass, $TokenPtr, $TokenPtrSize, [ref]$TokenPtrSize); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() | |
| if($Success) | |
| { | |
| switch($TokenInformationClass) | |
| { | |
| 1 # TokenUser | |
| { | |
| $TokenUser = $TokenPtr -as $TOKEN_USER | |
| ConvertSidToStringSid -SidPointer $TokenUser.User.Sid | |
| } | |
| 3 # TokenPrivilege | |
| { | |
| # query the process token with the TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS = 3 enum to retrieve a TOKEN_PRIVILEGES structure | |
| $TokenPrivileges = $TokenPtr -as $TOKEN_PRIVILEGES | |
| $sb = New-Object System.Text.StringBuilder | |
| for($i=0; $i -lt $TokenPrivileges.PrivilegeCount; $i++) | |
| { | |
| if((($TokenPrivileges.Privileges[$i].Attributes -as $LuidAttributes) -band $LuidAttributes::SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED) -eq $LuidAttributes::SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED) | |
| { | |
| $sb.Append(", $($TokenPrivileges.Privileges[$i].Luid.LowPart.ToString())") | Out-Null | |
| } | |
| } | |
| Write-Output $sb.ToString().TrimStart(', ') | |
| } | |
| 17 # TokenOrigin | |
| { | |
| $TokenOrigin = $TokenPtr -as $LUID | |
| Write-Output (Get-LogonSession -LogonId $TokenOrigin.LowPart) | |
| } | |
| 22 # TokenAccessInformation | |
| { | |
| } | |
| 25 # TokenIntegrityLevel | |
| { | |
| $TokenIntegrity = $TokenPtr -as $TOKEN_MANDATORY_LABEL | |
| switch(ConvertSidToStringSid -SidPointer $TokenIntegrity.Label.Sid) | |
| { | |
| $UNTRUSTED_MANDATORY_LEVEL | |
| { | |
| Write-Output "UNTRUSTED_MANDATORY_LEVEL" | |
| } | |
| $LOW_MANDATORY_LEVEL | |
| { | |
| Write-Output "LOW_MANDATORY_LEVEL" | |
| } | |
| $MEDIUM_MANDATORY_LEVEL | |
| { | |
| Write-Output "MEDIUM_MANDATORY_LEVEL" | |
| } | |
| $MEDIUM_PLUS_MANDATORY_LEVEL | |
| { | |
| Write-Output "MEDIUM_PLUS_MANDATORY_LEVEL" | |
| } | |
| $HIGH_MANDATORY_LEVEL | |
| { | |
| Write-Output "HIGH_MANDATORY_LEVEL" | |
| } | |
| $SYSTEM_MANDATORY_LEVEL | |
| { | |
| Write-Output "SYSTEM_MANDATORY_LEVEL" | |
| } | |
| $PROTECTED_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL | |
| { | |
| Write-Output "PROTECTED_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL" | |
| } | |
| $SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL | |
| { | |
| Write-Output "SECURE_PROCESS_MANDATORY_LEVEL" | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |
| else | |
| { | |
| Write-Debug "GetTokenInformation Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)" | |
| } | |
| try | |
| { | |
| [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::FreeHGlobal($TokenPtr) | |
| } | |
| catch | |
| { | |
| } | |
| } | |
| function NtQueryInformationThread | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| Retrieves information about the specified thread. | |
| .DESCRIPTION | |
| .PARAMETER ThreadHandle | |
| .NOTES | |
| Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson) | |
| .LINK | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| #> | |
| param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [IntPtr] | |
| $ThreadHandle | |
| ) | |
| <# | |
| (func ntdll NtQueryInformationThread ([Int32]) @( | |
| [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle, | |
| [Int32], #_In_ THREADINFOCLASS ThreadInformationClass, | |
| [IntPtr], #_Inout_ PVOID ThreadInformation, | |
| [Int32], #_In_ ULONG ThreadInformationLength, | |
| [IntPtr] #_Out_opt_ PULONG ReturnLength | |
| )) | |
| #> | |
| $buf = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::AllocHGlobal([IntPtr]::Size) | |
| $Success = $Ntdll::NtQueryInformationThread($ThreadHandle, 9, $buf, [IntPtr]::Size, [IntPtr]::Zero); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() | |
| if(-not $Success) | |
| { | |
| Write-Debug "NtQueryInformationThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)" | |
| } | |
| Write-Output ([System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ReadIntPtr($buf)) | |
| } | |
| function OpenProcess | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| Opens an existing local process object. | |
| .DESCRIPTION | |
| To open a handle to another local process and obtain full access rights, you must enable the SeDebugPrivilege privilege. | |
| The handle returned by the OpenProcess function can be used in any function that requires a handle to a process, such as the wait functions, provided the appropriate access rights were requested. | |
| When you are finished with the handle, be sure to close it using the CloseHandle function. | |
| .PARAMETER ProcessId | |
| The identifier of the local process to be opened. | |
| If the specified process is the System Process (0x00000000), the function fails and the last error code is ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER. If the specified process is the Idle process or one of the CSRSS processes, this function fails and the last error code is ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED because their access restrictions prevent user-level code from opening them. | |
| .PARAMETER DesiredAccess | |
| The access to the process object. This access right is checked against the security descriptor for the process. This parameter can be one or more of the process access rights. | |
| If the caller has enabled the SeDebugPrivilege privilege, the requested access is granted regardless of the contents of the security descriptor. | |
| .PARAMETER InheritHandle | |
| If this value is TRUE, processes created by this process will inherit the handle. Otherwise, the processes do not inherit this handle. | |
| .NOTES | |
| Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson) | |
| .LINK | |
| https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms684320(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| .LINK | |
| https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms684880(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| #> | |
| param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [UInt32] | |
| $ProcessId, | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [UInt32] | |
| $DesiredAccess, | |
| [Parameter()] | |
| [bool] | |
| $InheritHandle = $false | |
| ) | |
| <# | |
| (func kernel32 OpenProcess ([IntPtr]) @( | |
| [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess, | |
| [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle, | |
| [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwProcessId | |
| ) -SetLastError) | |
| #> | |
| $hProcess = $Kernel32::OpenProcess($DesiredAccess, $InheritHandle, $ProcessId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() | |
| if($hProcess -eq 0) | |
| { | |
| Write-Debug "OpenProcess Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)" | |
| } | |
| Write-Output $hProcess | |
| } | |
| function OpenProcessToken | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| The OpenProcessToken function opens the access token associated with a process. | |
| .PARAMETER ProcessHandle | |
| A handle to the process whose access token is opened. The process must have the PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION access permission. | |
| .PARAMETER DesiredAccess | |
| Specifies an access mask that specifies the requested types of access to the access token. These requested access types are compared with the discretionary access control list (DACL) of the token to determine which accesses are granted or denied. | |
| For a list of access rights for access tokens, see Access Rights for Access-Token Objects. | |
| .NOTES | |
| Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson) | |
| .LINK | |
| https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379295(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| .LINK | |
| https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa374905(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| #> | |
| param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [IntPtr] | |
| $ProcessHandle, | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [UInt32] | |
| $DesiredAccess | |
| ) | |
| <# | |
| (func advapi32 OpenProcessToken ([bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ProcessHandle | |
| [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess | |
| [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle | |
| ) -SetLastError) | |
| #> | |
| $hToken = [IntPtr]::Zero | |
| $Success = $Advapi32::OpenProcessToken($ProcessHandle, $DesiredAccess, [ref]$hToken); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() | |
| if(-not $Success) | |
| { | |
| Write-Debug "OpenProcessToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)" | |
| } | |
| Write-Output $hToken | |
| } | |
| function OpenThread | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| Opens an existing thread object. | |
| .DESCRIPTION | |
| The handle returned by OpenThread can be used in any function that requires a handle to a thread, such as the wait functions, provided you requested the appropriate access rights. The handle is granted access to the thread object only to the extent it was specified in the dwDesiredAccess parameter. | |
| When you are finished with the handle, be sure to close it by using the CloseHandle function. | |
| .PARAMETER ThreadId | |
| The identifier of the thread to be opened. | |
| .PARAMETER DesiredAccess | |
| The access to the thread object. This access right is checked against the security descriptor for the thread. This parameter can be one or more of the thread access rights. | |
| If the caller has enabled the SeDebugPrivilege privilege, the requested access is granted regardless of the contents of the security descriptor. | |
| .PARAMETER InheritHandle | |
| If this value is TRUE, processes created by this process will inherit the handle. Otherwise, the processes do not inherit this handle. | |
| .NOTES | |
| Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson) | |
| .LINK | |
| https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms684335(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| .LINK | |
| https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686769(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| #> | |
| param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [UInt32] | |
| $ThreadId, | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [UInt32] | |
| $DesiredAccess, | |
| [Parameter()] | |
| [bool] | |
| $InheritHandle = $false | |
| ) | |
| <# | |
| (func kernel32 OpenThread ([IntPtr]) @( | |
| [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess, | |
| [bool], #_In_ BOOL bInheritHandle, | |
| [UInt32] #_In_ DWORD dwThreadId | |
| ) -SetLastError) | |
| #> | |
| $hThread = $Kernel32::OpenThread($DesiredAccess, $InheritHandle, $ThreadId); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() | |
| if($hThread -eq 0) | |
| { | |
| Write-Debug "OpenThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)" | |
| } | |
| Write-Output $hThread | |
| } | |
| function OpenThreadToken | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| The OpenThreadToken function opens the access token associated with a thread | |
| .DESCRIPTION | |
| Tokens with the anonymous impersonation level cannot be opened. | |
| Close the access token handle returned through the Handle parameter by calling CloseHandle. | |
| .PARAMETER ThreadHandle | |
| A handle to the thread whose access token is opened. | |
| .PARAMETER DesiredAccess | |
| Specifies an access mask that specifies the requested types of access to the access token. These requested access types are reconciled against the token's discretionary access control list (DACL) to determine which accesses are granted or denied. | |
| .PARAMETER OpenAsSelf | |
| TRUE if the access check is to be made against the process-level security context. | |
| FALSE if the access check is to be made against the current security context of the thread calling the OpenThreadToken function. | |
| The OpenAsSelf parameter allows the caller of this function to open the access token of a specified thread when the caller is impersonating a token at SecurityIdentification level. Without this parameter, the calling thread cannot open the access token on the specified thread because it is impossible to open executive-level objects by using the SecurityIdentification impersonation level. | |
| .NOTES | |
| Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson) | |
| .LINK | |
| https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa379296(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| .LINK | |
| https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa374905(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| #> | |
| param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [IntPtr] | |
| $ThreadHandle, | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [UInt32] | |
| $DesiredAccess, | |
| [Parameter()] | |
| [bool] | |
| $OpenAsSelf = $false | |
| ) | |
| <# | |
| (func advapi32 OpenThreadToken ([bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE ThreadHandle | |
| [UInt32], #_In_ DWORD DesiredAccess | |
| [bool], #_In_ BOOL OpenAsSelf | |
| [IntPtr].MakeByRefType() #_Out_ PHANDLE TokenHandle | |
| ) -SetLastError) | |
| #> | |
| $hToken = [IntPtr]::Zero | |
| $Success = $Advapi32::OpenThreadToken($ThreadHandle, $DesiredAccess, $OpenAsSelf, [ref]$hToken); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() | |
| if(-not $Success) | |
| { | |
| Write-Debug "OpenThreadToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)" | |
| throw "OpenThreadToken Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)" | |
| } | |
| Write-Output $hToken | |
| } | |
| function QueryFullProcessImageName | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| Retrieves the full name of the executable image for the specified process. | |
| .PARAMETER ProcessHandle | |
| A handle to the process. This handle must be created with the PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION or PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION access right. | |
| .PARAMETER Flags | |
| This parameter can be one of the following values. | |
| 0x00 - The name should use the Win32 path format. | |
| 0x01 - The name should use the native system path format. | |
| .NOTES | |
| Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson) | |
| .LINK | |
| https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms684919(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| #> | |
| param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [IntPtr] | |
| $ProcessHandle, | |
| [Parameter()] | |
| [UInt32] | |
| $Flags = 0 | |
| ) | |
| $capacity = 2048 | |
| $sb = New-Object -TypeName System.Text.StringBuilder($capacity) | |
| $Success = $Kernel32::QueryFullProcessImageName($ProcessHandle, $Flags, $sb, [ref]$capacity); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() | |
| if(-not $Success) | |
| { | |
| Write-Debug "QueryFullProcessImageName Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)" | |
| } | |
| Write-Output $sb.ToString() | |
| } | |
| function ReadProcessMemory | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| Reads data from an area of memory in a specified process. The entire area to be read must be accessible or the operation fails. | |
| .DESCRIPTION | |
| ReadProcessMemory copies the data in the specified address range from the address space of the specified process into the specified buffer of the current process. Any process that has a handle with PROCESS_VM_READ access can call the function. | |
| The entire area to be read must be accessible, and if it is not accessible, the function fails. | |
| .PARAMETER ProcessHandle | |
| A handle to the process with memory that is being read. The handle must have PROCESS_VM_READ access to the process. | |
| .PARAMETER BaseAddress | |
| The base address in the specified process from which to read. Before any data transfer occurs, the system verifies that all data in the base address and memory of the specified size is accessible for read access, and if it is not accessible the function fails. | |
| .PARAMETER Size | |
| The number of bytes to be read from the specified process. | |
| .NOTES | |
| Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson) | |
| .LINK | |
| https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms680553(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| #> | |
| param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [IntPtr] | |
| $ProcessHandle, | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [IntPtr] | |
| $BaseAddress, | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [Int] | |
| $Size | |
| ) | |
| <# | |
| (func kernel32 ReadProcessMemory ([Bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr], # _In_ HANDLE hProcess | |
| [IntPtr], # _In_ LPCVOID lpBaseAddress | |
| [Byte[]], # _Out_ LPVOID lpBuffer | |
| [Int], # _In_ SIZE_T nSize | |
| [Int].MakeByRefType() # _Out_ SIZE_T *lpNumberOfBytesRead | |
| ) -SetLastError) # MSDN states to call GetLastError if the return value is false. | |
| #> | |
| $buf = New-Object byte[]($Size) | |
| [Int32]$NumberOfBytesRead = 0 | |
| $Success = $Kernel32::ReadProcessMemory($ProcessHandle, $BaseAddress, $buf, $buf.Length, [ref]$NumberOfBytesRead); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() | |
| if(-not $Success) | |
| { | |
| Write-Debug "ReadProcessMemory Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)" | |
| } | |
| Write-Output $buf | |
| } | |
| function TerminateThread | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| Terminates a thread. | |
| .DESCRIPTION | |
| TerminateThread is used to cause a thread to exit. When this occurs, the target thread has no chance to execute any user-mode code. DLLs attached to the thread are not notified that the thread is terminating. The system frees the thread's initial stack. | |
| .PARAMETER ThreadHandle | |
| A handle to the thread to be terminated. | |
| The handle must have the THREAD_TERMINATE access right. | |
| .PARAMETER ExitCode | |
| The exit code for the thread. | |
| .NOTES | |
| Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson) | |
| .LINK | |
| https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686717(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| .LINK | |
| https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686769(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| #> | |
| param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [IntPtr] | |
| $ThreadHandle, | |
| [Parameter()] | |
| [UInt32] | |
| $ExitCode = 0 | |
| ) | |
| <# | |
| (func kernel32 TerminateThread ([bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr], # _InOut_ HANDLE hThread | |
| [UInt32] # _In_ DWORD dwExitCode | |
| ) -SetLastError) | |
| #> | |
| $Success = $Kernel32::TerminateThread($ThreadHandle, $ExitCode); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() | |
| if(-not $Success) | |
| { | |
| Write-Debug "TerminateThread Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)" | |
| } | |
| } | |
| function Thread32First | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| Retrieves information about the first thread of any process encountered in a system snapshot. | |
| .PARAMETER SnapshotHandle | |
| A handle to the snapshot returned from a previous call to the CreateToolhelp32Snapshot function. | |
| .NOTES | |
| Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson) | |
| .LINK | |
| https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686728(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| #> | |
| param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [IntPtr] | |
| $SnapshotHandle | |
| ) | |
| <# | |
| (func kernel32 Thread32First ([bool]) @( | |
| [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hSnapshot, | |
| $THREADENTRY32.MakeByRefType() #_Inout_ LPTHREADENTRY32 lpte | |
| ) -SetLastError) | |
| #> | |
| $Thread = [Activator]::CreateInstance($THREADENTRY32) | |
| $Thread.dwSize = $THREADENTRY32::GetSize() | |
| $Success = $Kernel32::Thread32First($hSnapshot, [Ref]$Thread); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() | |
| if(-not $Success) | |
| { | |
| Write-Debug "Thread32First Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)" | |
| } | |
| Write-Output $Thread | |
| } | |
| function VirtualQueryEx | |
| { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| Retrieves information about a range of pages within the virtual address space of a specified process. | |
| .PARAMETER ProcessHandle | |
| A handle to the process whose memory information is queried. The handle must have been opened with the PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION access right, which enables using the handle to read information from the process object. | |
| .PARAMETER BaseAddress | |
| The base address of the region of pages to be queried. This value is rounded down to the next page boundary. | |
| .NOTES | |
| Author - Jared Atkinson (@jaredcatkinson) | |
| .LINK | |
| https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa366907(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| #> | |
| param | |
| ( | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [IntPtr] | |
| $ProcessHandle, | |
| [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] | |
| [IntPtr] | |
| $BaseAddress | |
| ) | |
| <# | |
| (func kernel32 VirtualQueryEx ([Int32]) @( | |
| [IntPtr], #_In_ HANDLE hProcess, | |
| [IntPtr], #_In_opt_ LPCVOID lpAddress, | |
| $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION.MakeByRefType(), #_Out_ PMEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION lpBuffer, | |
| [UInt32] #_In_ SIZE_T dwLength | |
| ) -SetLastError) | |
| #> | |
| $memory_basic_info = [Activator]::CreateInstance($MEMORYBASICINFORMATION) | |
| $Success = $Kernel32::VirtualQueryEx($ProcessHandle, $BaseAddress, [Ref]$memory_basic_info, $MEMORYBASICINFORMATION::GetSize()); $LastError = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() | |
| if(-not $Success) | |
| { | |
| Write-Debug "VirtualQueryEx Error: $(([ComponentModel.Win32Exception] $LastError).Message)" | |
| #Write-Host "ProcessHandle: $($ProcessHandle)" | |
| #Write-Host "BaseAddress: $($BaseAddress)" | |
| } | |
| Write-Output $memory_basic_info | |
| } | |
| #endregion Win32 API Abstractions |
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