Gráfico de una curva normal con anotaciones.

curva_normal.png

curva_normal.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Grafica una curva normal con anotaciones.

@author: Nicolás Guarín-Zapata
@date: Abril 2020
"""
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

#%% Configuración de gráficos
plt.xkcd()
plt.rcParams["axes.spines.right"] = False
plt.rcParams["axes.spines.top"] = False
plt.rcParams["grid.linestyle"] = "--"
plt.rcParams["grid.linewidth"] = 1
plt.rcParams["xtick.major.width"] = 0
plt.rcParams["ytick.major.width"] = 0

#%% Parámetors
mu = 0
sigma = 1
npts = 300
x = np.linspace(mu - 3*sigma, mu + 3*sigma, npts)
y = np.exp(-0.5*(x - mu)**2/sigma**2)/(sigma*np.sqrt(2*np.pi))

#%% Gráficos
plt.figure(figsize=(9, 5))
plt.plot(x, y, color="#f95a49", lw=3, zorder=4)
xticks = [mu + k*sigma for k in range(-3, 4)]
xlabels = ['μ - 3σ', 'μ - 2σ', 'μ - σ', 'μ', 'μ + σ', 'μ + 2σ', 'μ + 3σ']
plt.xticks(xticks, xlabels, fontname="Comic Sans MS")
plt.yticks([0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4])
plt.xlabel("Valor")
plt.ylabel("Densidad")
plt.grid(axis="x", zorder=0)
plt.title("Curva normal", loc="left")

# Anotaciones
plt.plot([-1, 1], [0.15, 0.15], color="#02bfc5", zorder=3)
plt.text(0, 0.16, "68.2%", color="#02bfc5", ha="center", va="bottom")
plt.plot([-2, 2], [0.05, 0.05], color="#02bfc5", zorder=3)
plt.text(0, 0.06, "95.4%", color="#02bfc5", ha="center", va="bottom")
plt.plot([-3, 3], [0, 0], color="#02bfc5", zorder=3)
plt.text(0., 0.01, "99.7%", color="#02bfc5", ha="center", va="bottom")

plt.savefig("curva_normal.png", bbox_inches="tight", dpi=100)